Pac-Man, originally called Puck Man in Japan, is a maze action game that was developed and released by Namco for arcades in 1980. It was licensed to Midway for manufacturing in North America, where profits were shared 50-50 between Namco and Midway.[1]
In terms of gross revenue, the game grossed an estimated $13 billion in revenue. Space Invaders (1978) and Pac-Man were the highest-grossing video games for several decades,[2] up until their records were eventually surpassed by Dungeon Fighter Online in the late 2010s (though Space Invaders remains the highest-grossing video game adjusted for inflation). In terms of units sold, Pac-Man surpassed Space Invaders in 1982 to become the best-selling video game, up until its cartridge sales record was surpassed by Super Mario Bros. (1985) in 1989. Pac-Man had sold over 10 million copies worldwide by 1983,[3] eventually selling over 80 million units across all platforms.
The game spawned the Pac-Man franchise. The franchise is owned by Bandai Namco, following the merger between Bandai and Namco in 2006. The franchise sold over 90 million units worldwide and grossed an estimated $15 billion.
Franchise[]
Title | Platform(s) | Market | Release | Unit sales (est.) | Revenue (est.) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pac-Man | Multi-platform | Worldwide | 1980 | 83,259,779 | $13,591,469,344 | [4] |
Pac Attack | TRS-80 | USA | 1981 | 5,000 | [5] | |
Ms. Pac-Man | Multi-platform | USA | 1982 | 4,025,108 | $1,988,155,196 | [6] |
Super Pac-Man | Arcade | USA | 1982 | 15,000 | [7] | |
Baby Pac-Man | Arcade | USA | 1982 | 10,000 | [8] | |
Mr. & Mrs. Pac-Man | Arcade | USA | 1982 | 10,600 | [9] | |
Pac-Mania | Arcade | USA | 1987 | 1,412 | $2,820,000 | [10] |
Hello! Pac-Man | Super Famicom | Japan | 1994 | 68,961 | [11] | |
Pac-Man World | PlayStation | Worldwide | 1999 | 1,500,000 | [12] | |
Pac-Man Collection | GBA | USA | 2001 | 1,060,000 | [13] | |
Pac-Man World 2 | PlayStation 2 | USA | 2002 | 1,210,000 | $23,000,000 | [13][14] |
Pac-Pix | Nintendo DS | Japan | 2005 | 98,650 | [15] | |
Pac 'n Roll | Nintendo DS | Japan | 2005 | 15,268 | ||
Pac-Man Championship Edition DX | Xbox Live Arcade | Worldwide | 2010 | 266,526 | [16] | |
Pac-Man Party | Wii / 3DS | Japan | 2010 | 10,376 | [11] | |
Total | Multi-platform | Worldwide | 91,556,680 | $15,605,444,540 |
Games[]
Pac-Man[]
Platform(s) | Market | Years(s) | Unit sales (est.) | Revenue (est.) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arcade | Cabinet sales | 1980—1999 | 700,000 | $2,150,000,000 | |
Arcade | Cabinet sales | 1980—1981 | 350,000 | $1,100,000,000 | [17][18][19] |
1982 | 50,000 | $150,000,000 | [20][17][18] | ||
1983—1999 | 300,000 | $900,000,000 | [21] | ||
Arcade | Coin drop earnings | 1980—1982 | $10,000,000,000 | ||
Arcade | Coin drop earnings | 1980 | N/A | $1,000,000,000 | [22] |
1981 | N/A | $3,000,000,000 | [23][24][25] | ||
1982 | N/A | $6,000,000,000 | [26][27][28] | ||
Home computers | Worldwide | 1981—1989 | 2,750,000 | $76,300,000 | |
Home computers | United States | 1981 | 53,000 | $2,000,000 | [29] |
1982 | 130,000 | $4,000,000 | [30][31][32] | ||
1983 | 887,000 | $27,000,000 | [31] | ||
1984 | 10,000 | $300,000 | [33][31] | ||
1985—1989 | 1,000,000 | $35,000,000 | [34][35] | ||
PC-8001 | Japan | 1982 | 60,000 | $1,000,000 | [30] |
Home computers | Japan | 1983 | 40,000 | $1,000,000 | [36] |
FM-7 | Japan | 1984 | 20,000 | $300,000 | |
Home computers | United Kingdom | 1984 | 50,000 | $700,000 | |
Apple II / C64 | Worldwide | 1986 | 500,000 | $5,000,000 | [37][38] |
Dedicated portables | United States | 1981—2004 | 17,590,000 | $455,000,000 | |
Coleco Mini-Arcade | United States | 1981 | 2,000,000 | $130,000,000 | [39][40][41] |
Packri Monster | United States | 1982 | 90,000 | $5,000,000 | [42] |
Nelsonic Game Watch | United States | 1982 | 500,000 | $20,000,000 | [43] |
TV Games | Worldwide | 2004 | 15,000,000 | $300,000,000 | [44][45] |
Atari 2600 | Anglosphere | 1982—1990 | 8,306,786 | $284,190,967 | |
Atari 2600 | United States | 1982 | 7,271,844 | $254,442,000 | [46][47] |
1983 | 684,569 | $24,000,000 | |||
1984 | 1,200 | $42,000 | |||
1986 | 37,063 | $203,213 | [48] | ||
1987 | 61,685 | $352,402 | |||
1988 | 3,885 | $25,396 | |||
1989 | 34,374 | $120,511 | |||
1990 | 2,166 | $5,445 | |||
United Kingdom | 1982 | 110,000 | $3,000,000 | [49] | |
1983 | 100,000 | $2,000,000 | [36] | ||
Atari 5200 | USA | 1983—1988 | 355,011 | $11,168,138 | |
Atari 5200 | United States | 1983 | 320,000 | $11,000,000 | [36][47] |
1986 | 29,716 | $148,741 | [48] | ||
1987 | 5,223 | $19,037 | |||
1988 | 72 | $360 | |||
Famicom | Japan | 1984—1989 | 480,000 | $18,000,000 | |
Famicom | Japan | 1984—1989 | 480,000 | $18,000,000 | [11][50] |
Atari XE | United States | 1986—1990 | 46,136 | $210,239 | |
Atari XE | United States | 1986 | 28,750 | $29,064 | [48] |
1987 | 9,214 | $96,365 | |||
1988 | 7,992 | $83,379 | |||
1989 | 84 | $825 | |||
1990 | 96 | $606 | |||
PC / GB / PS1 / N64 | United States | 1990—1999 | 4,000,000 | $80,000,000 | |
PC / GB / PS1 / N64 | United States | 1990—1999 | 4,000,000 | $80,000,000 | [51] |
Game Boy Advance | Worldwide | 2001—2007 | 5,418,679 | $82,000,000 | |
Game Boy Advance | Worldwide | 2001—2007 | 5,418,679 | $82,000,000 | [52][53][11] |
Java / BREW / iOS | Worldwide | 2005—2012 | 42,000,000 | $420,000,000 | |
Java | Worldwide | 2004 | 2,000,000 | $20,000,000 | [54][55][56] |
BREW | United States | 2005—2010 | 30,000,000 | $300,000,000 | [57][56] |
iOS | Worldwide | 2008—2010 | 10,000,000 | $100,000,000 | [58][56] |
Android | Worldwide | 2008—2012 | 1,300,000 | $11,800,000 | |
Android | Worldwide | 2008—2009 | 1,100,000 | $11,000,000 | [59][56] |
2011-2012 | 200,000 | $800,000 | [60][61] | ||
3DS / Switch | Japan | 2011—2022 | 13,167 | ||
Nintendo 3DS | Japan | 2011 | 10,785 | [11] | |
Nintendo Switch | Japan | 2022 | 2,382 | ||
Steam | Worldwide | 2016—2023 | 300,000 | $2,800,000 | |
Steam | Worldwide | 2016—2023 | 300,000 | $2,800,000 | [62][63][64] |
Total | Worldwide | 1980—2023 | 83,259,779 | $13,591,469,344 |
Ms. Pac-Man[]
Platform | Market | Years(s) | Unit sales | Revenue (est.) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arcade | 1982—1995 | 125,000 | $1,850,000,000 | ||
Arcade | Cabinet sales | 1982—1987 | 125,000 | $350,000,000 | [65][66][67] |
Coin drop earnings | 1982—1987 | N/A | $1,200,000,000 | [66] | |
1988—1995 | N/A | $300,000,000 | [68][66] | ||
Coleco Mini-Arcade | 1982—1983 | 500,000 | $25,000,000 | ||
Coleco Mini-Arcade | United States | 1982—1983 | 500,000 | $25,000,000 | [69] |
Atari 2600 | 1983—1990 | 2,375,748 | $72,936,796 | ||
Atari 2600 | United States | 1983 | 1,963,078 | $69,000,000 | [46][70] |
1984 | 34,320 | $1,200,000 | |||
1986 | 35,719 | $195,762 | [48] | ||
1987 | 138,400 | $792,416 | |||
1988 | 125,266 | $929,080 | |||
1989 | 38,597 | $277,073 | |||
1990 | 10,368 | $42,465 | |||
United Kingdom | 1983 | 30,000 | $500,000 | [36] | |
Atari 5200 | 1986—1987 | 6,497 | $32,679 | ||
Atari 5200 | United States | 1986 | 5,612 | $28,254 | [48] |
1987 | 885 | $4,425 | |||
Atari XE | 1986—1990 | 17,863 | $185,721 | ||
Atari XE | United States | 1986 | 646 | $6,147 | [48] |
1987 | 8,529 | $88,843 | |||
1988 | 8,538 | $89,231 | |||
1990 | 150 | $1,500 | |||
Sega Genesis | 1991—1997 | 1,000,000 | $40,000,000 | ||
Sega Genesis | United States | 1991—1997 | 1,000,000 | $40,000,000 | [71] |
Total | 1982—1997 | 4,025,108 | $1,988,155,196 |
See also[]
- Best selling video games
- List of best-selling video games
- List of highest-grossing video games
- List of best-selling video game franchises
- List of highest-grossing video game franchises
References[]
- ↑ "Pac-Man mutation multiple". Play Meter. Vol. 8, no. 7. April 1, 1982. p. 14.
- ↑ http://www.gamerevolution.com/features/13510-world-of-warcraft-leads-industry-with-nearly-10-billion-in-revenue
- ↑ https://archive.org/details/computer-and-videogames-magazine-1984-special/page/n15/mode/1up
- ↑ Pac-Man
- ↑ "List of Top Sellers" (PDF). Computer Gaming World. Vol. 2, no. 5. September–October 1982. p. 2.
- ↑ Ms. Pac-Man
- ↑ Ressner, Jeffrey (20 November 1982). "Stan Jarocki: Expanded Player Base Is The Key To The Future". Cash Box. Cash Box Pub. Co. pp. 52-56 (56).
- ↑ "Pac-Man eating Bally's future profits". Boca Raton News. 6 March 1983. p. 15C.
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- ↑ "Atari Production Numbers Memo". Atari Games. January 4, 2010. Archived from the original on January 20, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 "Game Search (based on Famitsu data)". Game Data Library. March 1, 2020. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2020.
- ↑ https://www.gematsu.com/2022/08/pac-man-world-re-pac-opening-movie
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "US Platinum Videogame Chart (Games sold over Million Copies since 1995)". The Magic Box. December 27, 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-12-19. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
- ↑ Campbell, Colin; Keiser, Joe (July 29, 2006). "The Top 100 Games of the 21st Century". Next Generation. Archived from the original on October 10, 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
- ↑ "Namco (Japan sales, 2000-2006)". Garaph (based on Famitsu data). 2005-07-28. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
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(help) - ↑ https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/xbox-live-arcade-by-the-numbers---an-extensive-look-back-at-2012
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Marlene Targ Brill (2009). America in the 1980s. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 119. ISBN 0-8225-7602-3.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Inside Track". Billboard. 7 August 1982. p. 72.
- ↑ "The Milwaukee Sentinel". The Milwaukee Sentinel. March 16, 1982. p. 9. Archived from the original on 2015-09-20.
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suggested) (help) - ↑ Kao, John J. (1989). Entrepreneurship, creativity & organization: text, cases & readings. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. p. 45. ISBN 0-13-283011-6.
Estimates counted 7 billion coins that by 1982 had been inserted into some 400,000 Pac Man machines worldwide, equal to one game of Pac Man for every person on earth. US domestic revenues from games and licensing of the Pac Man image for T-shirts, pop songs, to wastepaper baskets, etc. exceeded $1 billion.
- ↑ Leonard Herman, Jer Horwitz, Steve Kent, Skyler Miller (2002). "The History of Video Games" (PDF). GameSpot. p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-02-06. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Kline, Stephen (2003). Digital play: the interaction of technology, culture, and marketing (Reprint ed.). Montréal, Quebec: McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 96. ISBN 0-7735-2591-2. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
The game produced one billion dollars in 1980 alone
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250 million games of Pac-Man were being played on over 100,000 Pac-Man machines in arcades every week
- ↑ "Special Effects Are Revolutionizing Film". The New York Times. 1982-07-04. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160307004204/people.rit.edu/cnd6606/309/Portfolio1/MySite/historyPage.html
- ↑ Uncle John's Legendary Lost Bathroom Reader. Portable Press. September 1999. p. 373. ISBN 978-1-879682-74-0.
In 1982 alone, Americans pumped $6 billion in quarters into Pac-Man's mouth—more than they spent in Las Vegas casinos and movie theatres combined.
- ↑ Uncle John's Legendary Lost Bathroom Reader. Simon and Schuster. November 2012. p. 348. ISBN 978-1-60710-670-8.
In 1982 alone, Americans pumped $6 billion in quarters into Pac-Man's mouth—more than they spent in Las Vegas casinos and movie theatres combined.
- ↑ Stern, Jane; Stern, Michael (1992). Jane & Michael Stern's Encyclopedia of Pop Culture: An A to Z Guide of Who's who and What's What, from Aerobics and Bubble Gum to Valley of the Dolls and Moon Unit Zappa. Harper Perennial. p. 373. ISBN 978-0-06-055343-2.
"I think we have the Mickey Mouse of the 1980s," said one Pac-Man executive when it was noted that Americans were spending about $6 billion per year on the game and its spinoffs
- ↑ 1981
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 1982
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 McGuire, Christine H. (1983). Handbook of Health Professions Education. Jossey-Bass.
It is estimated that 30,000 Pac Man disks have been sold for home computers at $30 each and that there are a million copies in existence.
- ↑ The Entrepreneurial Organization. 1991. p. 99.
In 1982 most of the best-sellers on the list were "zap and escape" arcade-style games such as Pac Man and Choplifter.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=_SMEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA22
- ↑ Worley, Joyce (December 1989). "Mega Hits: The Best of the Best". Video Games & Computer Entertainment. No. 11. pp. 130–2, 137–8.
- ↑ "The Thrill Is Gone". PC Mag. 29 May 1984. p. 285.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 1983
- ↑ Worley, Joyce (December 1989). "Mega Hits: The Best of the Best". Video Games & Computer Entertainment (11): 130–132, 137, 138. https://archive.org/details/video-games-computer-entertainment-issue-11-december-1989/page/n133/mode/2up.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=uowqAAAAMAAJ&q=pac-man
- ↑ "Coleco Mini-Arcades Go Gold". Arcade Express 1 (1): 4. August 15, 1982. http://www.digitpress.com/library/newsletters/arcadeexpress/arcade_express_v1n1.pdf. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
- ↑ "More Mini-Arcades Coming From Coleco" (PDF). Arcade Express. Vol. 1, no. 13. January 30, 1983. p. 2.
- ↑ http://www.digitpress.com/library/magazines/electronic_games/electronic_games_jun82.pdf#page=78
- ↑ "Midway Mfg. Co. v. Bandai-America, Inc., 546 F. Supp. 125". Casetext. July 22, 1982. Retrieved 2023-12-02.
- ↑ Shea, Tom (20 December 1982). "Shrinking Pac-Man leads game-wristwatch market". InfoWorld. Vol. 4, no. 50. InfoWorld Media Group, Inc. pp. 44–5. ISSN 0199-6649.
- ↑ "Jakks Pacific, Namco Extend TV Game Partnership". Game Developer. April 25, 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2024.
- ↑ "More Namco TV Games from JAKKS". Toy Mania. April 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2024.
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 Cartridge Sales Since 1980. Atari Corporation. Via "The Agony & The Ecstasy". Once Upon Atari. No. 4. 23 minutes in.
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 "Software Report Card". Video Games Player. Vol. 1, no. 1. United States: Carnegie Publications. September 1982. pp. 62–3.
- ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 48.4 48.5 Vendel, Curt (May 28, 2009). "Site News". Atari Museum. Archived from the original on 2010-12-06. Retrieved 2021-11-27.
- ↑ 1982
- ↑ https://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=9065&redirect=no
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20031013043141/www.forbes.com/forbes/1999/1227/6415292a.html
- ↑ Keiser, Joe (August 2, 2006). "The Century's Top 50 Handheld Games". Next Generation. Archived from the original on October 10, 2007.
- ↑ Top 10 of Everything 2017. London, England: Hachette UK. October 6, 2016. p. 118. ISBN 978-0600633747. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
- ↑ https://www.prweb.com/releases/2004/11/prweb181898.htm
- ↑ https://www.gamesindustry.biz/pac-man-ghosts-gobblin
- ↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 56.3 Guinness World Records: Gamer's Edition 2015. 6 November 2014. p. 69.
First Videogame For Android Phones: PAC-Man, released on 23 September 2008, became the first title on Android smartphones. The game retailed for $9.99 (£5.43)
- ↑ "Namco Networks' Pac-Man Franchise Surpasses 30 Million Paid Transactions in the United States on Brew". Business Wire. 2010. Archived from the original on June 29, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20140923235037/www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aSAZSkEoNTtk
- ↑ https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/08/25/pac-man-paves-way-for-more-great-namco-titles-on-android
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20121114140105/play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.NamcoNetworks.international.PacMan
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20121210023644/play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=namco.pacman.ce
- ↑ https://steamspy.com/app/394160
- ↑ https://steamspy.com/app/236470
- ↑ https://www.destructoid.com/reviews/review-pac-man-museum/
- ↑ "Bally Will Quit Making Pinball, Video Machines". Toledo Blade. July 11, 1988. p. 22. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
- ↑ 66.0 66.1 66.2 "11 Fun Facts About Ms. Pac-Man". Mental Floss. April 17, 2015. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
- ↑ Defanti, Thomas A. (1984). "The Mass Impact of Videogame Technology". Advances in Computers 23: 109. ISBN 9780120121236. ISSN 0065-2458. http://www.vasulka.org/archive/Writings/VideogameImpact.pdf#page=17.
- ↑ "Ms. Pac-Man (Coin-Op)". Digital Press (24): 19. March 1995. https://archive.org/details/Digital_Press_Issue_24_1995-03_Santulli_Joe_US/page/n18.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=WjBTAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA22&article_id=6807,3227111
- ↑ "Ms. Pac-Man". PC Mag. 7 August 1984. p. 282.
- ↑ Cifaldi, Frank. "Retronauts Episode 91: A Tengen Family Reunion". Frank Cifaldi talks to rebellious NES game developers Franz Lanzinger (Toobin', Ms. Pac-Man), Steve Woita (Super Sprint, Police Academy) and Mark Morris (Hard Drivin', 007: License to Kill) about the old days. 1Up. Archived from the original on 2012-10-16. Retrieved 2010-09-27.
External links[]
- Pac-Man (Wikipedia)