| 1970s | 1970 · 1971 · 1972 · 1973 · 1974 1975 · 1976 · 1977 · 1978 · 1979 |
| 1980s | 1980 · 1981 · 1982 · 1983 · 1984 1985 · 1986 · 1987 · 1988 · 1989 |
| 1990s | 1990 · 1991 · 1992 · 1993 · 1994 1995 · 1996 · 1997 · 1998 · 1999 |
| 2000s | 2000 · 2001 · 2002 · 2003 · 2004 2005 · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009 |
| 2010s | 2010 · 2011 · 2012 · 2013 · 2014 2015 · 2016 · 2017 · 2018 · 2019 |
| 2020s | 2020 · 2021 · 2022 |
In 1990, the highest-grossing arcade video games were Final Fight in Japan and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in the United States. The year's best‑selling home system was the Game Boy, while the year's best-selling home video game was Super Mario Bros. 3 for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
Highest-grossing arcade games[]
Japan[]
In Japan, the following titles were the top ten highest-grossing arcade video games of 1990.
| Rank | Gamest[1] | Game Machine[2][3] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Manufacturer | Dedicated arcade cabinet | Software conversion kit | |
| 1 | Final Fight | Capcom | Super Monaco GP (deluxe) | Tetris (Sega) |
| 2 | Tetris | Sega | Final Lap | Final Fight |
| 3 | Super Monaco GP | Sega | Winning Run: Suzuka GP (deluxe) | Tecmo World Cup '90 |
| 4 | Columns | Sega | Special Criminal Investigation (S.C.I.) | Columns |
| 5 | Parodius Da! Shinwa kara Owarai e | Konami | Big Run | Adventure Quiz: Capcom World |
| 6 | Raiden | Tecmo | Beast Busters | Super Formula: Chijou Saisoku no Battle |
| 7 | Bloxeed | Sega | Hard Drivin' | Volfied |
| 8 | Final Lap | Namco | Out Run (deluxe) | Adventure Quiz: Capcom World 2 |
| 9 | G-LOC: Air Battle | Sega | Operation Thunderbolt | Parodius Da! Shinwa kara Owarai e |
| 10 | Gradius III | Konami | G-LOC: Air Battle (deluxe) | M.V.P. |
United Kingdom and Australia[]
In the United Kingdom and Australia, the following titles were the top-grossing arcade video games of each month.
| Month | United Kingdom | Australia (Timezone) | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dedicated cabinet | Conversion kit | |||
| January | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Tecmo World Cup '90 Super Masters Line of Fire |
Unknown | Unknown | [4] |
| February | ||||
| March | ||||
| July | Unknown | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | Tecmo World Cup '90 | [5] |
| August | Unknown | Magic Sword | [6] | |
United States[]
In the United States, the following titles were the highest-grossing arcade video games of 1990.
| Rank | AMOA[7][8][9] | Play Meter | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dedicated arcade cabinet | Conversion kit | Title | Manufacturer | |
| 1 | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | Final Fight | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles[10] | Konami |
| 2 | Super Off Road, Turbo Outrun, Mercs |
Capcom Bowling, Big Event Golf, Cyber Police ESWAT, Badlands |
Unknown | |
| 3 | ||||
| 4 | ||||
| 5 | N/A | |||
The following were the top-grossing arcade video games on the monthly RePlay arcade charts in 1990.
| Month | Title | Type | Points | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Golden Axe | Software conversion kit | 644 | [11] |
| February | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | Dedicated cabinet | 743 | [12] |
| March | 850 | [13] | ||
| April | 923 | [14] | ||
| May | 922 | [15] | ||
| June | 911 | [16] | ||
| July | 933 | [17] | ||
| August | 903 | [18] | ||
| September | 868 | [19] | ||
| October | 875 | [20] | ||
| November | 857 | [21] | ||
| December | 809 | [22] |
Hong Kong[]
In Hong Kong, these were the top-grossing arcade video games of each month on the Bondeal charts.
| Month | Dedicated arcade cabinet | Arcade conversion kit | Ref | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | Pang | Burning Force | Lady Frog | [23][24] | |
| February | Hard Drivin' | Big Run | Roulette | [24][25] | ||
| March | Big Run | Hard Drivin' | Roulette | Crude Buster | [25][26] | |
| April | Hard Drivin' | Big Run | Final Fight | Crude Buster | [26] | |
| May | Big Run | Rough Ranger | [27] | |||
| June | Big Run | Hard Drivin' | Alien Storm | Mustang | [27][28] | |
| July | Big Run | Lightning Fighters | Combatribes | Smash TV | [28][29] | |
| August | Hard Drivin' | Big Run | Smash TV | Magic Sword | [29][30] | |
| September | Big Run | Hard Drivin' | Magic Sword | Smash TV | [30][31] | |
| October | Big Run | Smash TV | Pit-Fighter | [31][32] | ||
| November | Big Run | Hard Drivin' | Pit-Fighter | Hydra | Pit-Fighter | [32][33] |
| December | Four Trax | Cisco Heat | Double Dragon 3 | Pit-Fighter | Super Pang | [33][34] |
Best-selling home systems[]
| Rank | System(s) | Manufacturer | Type | Sales | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | USA | Europe | Korea | Worldwide | ||||
| 1 | Game Boy | Nintendo | Handheld | 3,100,000[35] | 5,000,000[36] | Unknown | Unknown | 10,000,000[37] |
| 2 | NES | Nintendo | Console | 1,360,000[35] | 7,200,000[38] | < 655,000[39] | 80,000[40] | 8,640,000+ |
| 3 | IBM PC | IBM | Computer | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2,840,000[41] |
| 4 | Sega Mega Drive | Sega | Console | 900,000[42] | 1,000,000[36] | 193,000[43] | 43,000[40] | 2,136,000+ |
| 5 | PC Engine | NEC | Console | 1,300,000[42] | 450,000[44][45] | Unknown | Unknown | 1,750,000+ |
| 6 | Macintosh | Apple | Computer | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,300,000[46] |
| 7 | Sega Master System | Sega | Console | Unknown | 300,000[47] | 725,000[43] | 180,000[40] | 1,205,000+ |
| 8 | NEC PC-88 / PC-98 |
NEC | Computer | 1,100,000[48] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 1,100,000+ |
| 9 | Amiga | Commodore | Computer | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 750,000[46] |
| 10 | C64 | Commodore | Computer | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 700,000[46] |
Best-selling home video games[]
The following titles were the top ten best-selling home video games worldwide in 1990.
| Rank | Title | Genre | Platform | Sales | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japan[49] | USA | Worldwide | ||||
| 1 | Super Mario Bros. 3 | Platformer | NES | 279,217 | 8,000,000[50][51] | 8,279,217 |
| 2 | Tetris | Puzzle | Game Boy NES |
2,291,144 | 2,000,000+[52] | 5,000,000[53] |
| 3 | Dr. Mario | Puzzle | Famicom Game Boy |
1,447,396 | 2,500,000[50] | 3,947,396 |
| 4 | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | Action | NES | Unknown | Unknown | 2,944,750[54][55][56] |
| Computers | N/A | Unknown | 500,000+[57] | |||
| 5 | Dragon Quest IV: Michibikareshi Monotachi | RPG | Famicom | 2,721,876 | N/A | 2,721,876 |
| 6 | Final Fantasy III | RPG | Famicom | 1,318,119 | N/A | 1,318,119 |
| 7 | Super Mario Land | Platformer | Game Boy | 1,217,982 | Unknown | 1,217,982+ |
| 8 | SD Gundam: SD Sengokuden | Strategy | Game Boy | 539,719 | N/A | 539,719 |
| 9 | SD Hero Sōkessen: Taose! Aku no Gundam | Platformer | Famicom | 506,046 | N/A | 506,046 |
| 10 | Makai Tōshi SaGa | RPG | Game Boy | 438,531 | N/A | 438,531 |
Japan[]
In Japan, the following titles were the top ten best-selling video games in 1990.[49]
| Rank | Title | Publisher | Genre | Platform | Sales |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dragon Quest IV: Michibikareshi Monotachi | Enix | RPG | Famicom | 2,721,876 |
| 2 | Tetris | Nintendo | Puzzle | Game Boy | 2,291,144 |
| 4 | Dr. Mario | Nintendo | Puzzle | Famicom Game Boy |
1,447,396 |
| 3 | Final Fantasy III | Squaresoft | RPG | Famicom | 1,318,119 |
| 5 | Super Mario Land | Nintendo | Platformer | Game Boy | 1,217,982 |
| 6 | Tetris | Nintendo | Puzzle | Game Boy | 2,291,144 |
| 7 | SD Gundam: SD Sengokuden | Bandai | Strategy | Game Boy | 539,719 |
| 8 | SD Hero Sōkessen: Taose! Aku no Gundam | Banpresto | Platformer | Famicom | 506,046 |
| 9 | Makai Tōshi SaGa | Squaresoft | RPG | Game Boy | 438,531 |
| 10 | Super Mario World | Nintendo | Platformer | Super Famicom | 412,772 |
The following table lists the year's best-selling game for each platform in Japan.[49]
| Platform | Best-selling game | Publisher | Genre | Sales |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Famicom | Dragon Quest IV: Michibikareshi Monotachi | Enix | RPG | 2,721,876 |
| Game Boy | Tetris | Nintendo | Puzzle | 2,291,144 |
| Super Famicom | Super Mario World | Nintendo | Platformer | 412,772 |
| Sega Mega Drive | After Burner II | Sega | Flight combat | 157,750 |
| PC Engine CD-ROM² | Super Darius | NEC Avenue | Shmup | 145,938 |
| PC Engine | Genpei Tōma Den | Namco | Hack & slash | 99,406 |
| Game Gear | Super Monaco GP | Sega | Racing | 52,495 |
| Famicom Disk System | Famicom Mukashi Banashi: Yūyūki | Nintendo | Adventure | 31,032 |
United States[]
In the United States, Super Mario Bros. 3 was the best-selling home video game of 1990.[58][59] The following titles were the best-selling home video games of each month in 1990.
| Month | Standalone | Bundle | Sales | Revenue | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weeks 1-2 | Weeks 3-4 | Nominal | Inflation | |||
| January | Tetris (Game Boy / NES)[60] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | ||
| April | Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES)[61] | Unknown | Unknown | 250,000+[62] | $12.5 million+[62] | $29 million+ |
| May | Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES)[63] | Tetris (Game Boy)[63] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | |
| June | Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES)[64] | Tetris (Game Boy)[64] | ||||
| September | Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES)[65] | Super Mario Bros./Duck Hunt (NES)[66] | ||||
| November | Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES)[67][68] | Unknown | ||||
| December | Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES)[69] | Tetris (Game Boy)[69] | ||||
| 1990 | Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES)[58][59] | 8,000,000[50][51] | $500 million[70] | $1,170 million | ||
United Kingdom[]
In the United Kingdom, the following titles were the best-selling home video games of each month in 1990, for various home computer and game console platforms.
| Month | Home computers | Game consoles | Ref | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Sales | Master System | NES | Mega Drive | PC Engine | ||
| January | Chase H.Q. | California Games | Super Mario Bros. 2 | N/A | N/A | [71] | |
| February | Paperboy | Unknown | Unknown | N/A | N/A | [72] | |
| March | Paperboy | Unknown | Unknown | Ghouls 'n Ghosts | Chase H.Q. | [73] | |
| April | Fantasy World Dizzy | Wonder Boy III | Unknown | New Zealand Story | PC Kid | [74][75] | |
| May | Fantasy World Dizzy | Unknown | Unknown | Final Blow | Atomic Robo Kid | [76] | |
| June | Italy 1990 | Unknown | Unknown | Thunder Force III | Formation Soccer | [77] | |
| July | Italy 1990 | Unknown | Unknown | Ghostbusters | Don Doko Don | [78] | |
| August | Pro Boxing Simulator | Golden Axe | Super Mario Bros. 2 | Batman | Super Star Soldier | [79][80] | |
| September | Shadow Warriors | Super Monaco GP | Devil Crash | [81][82] | |||
| October | Guardian Angel | Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles | Strider | Splatterhouse | [83][84] | ||
| November | Out Run | Devil Crash | [85][86] | ||||
| December | Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles | 500,000 | Golden Axe | Aero Blasters | [87][88][89] | ||
| Total | Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles | 500,000 | [57] | ||||
References[]
- ↑ "第４回ゲーメスト大賞 〜 インカム部門ベスト10" (in ja). Gamest 54 (February 1991): 6–24 (24). December 27, 1990. https://archive.org/details/gamest0054/page/24. altrnate url
- ↑ "Overseas Readers Column: Videos of The Year 1990". Game Machine (Amusement Press, Inc.) (396): 22. 1 February 1991. https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19910201p.pdf#page=12.
- ↑ "Japan's Award Winners". RePlay 16 (6): 206. March 1991. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-6-march-1991-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%206%20-%20March%201991/page/206.
- ↑ Openshaw, Mary (March 1990). "ATEI '90: major international show rings in new year with good spread of new products". RePlay 15 (6): 126–32. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-6-march-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%206%20-%20March%201990/page/126.
- ↑ "Test Reports". Leisure Line (Australia: Leisure & Allied Industries): 43. August 1990. https://archive.org/details/Leisure_Line_1990-08_Leisure_Allied_Industries_AU/page/n42.
- ↑ "Test Reports". Leisure Line (Australia: Leisure & Allied Industries): 38. September 1990. https://archive.org/details/Leisure_Line_1990-09_Leisure_Allied_Industries_AU/page/n37.
- ↑ "Boffo at the Banquet! Coin-biz & music stars take the stage at AMOA's big nifhgt in New Orleans". RePlay 16 (3): 88–9. December 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-3-december-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%203%20-%20December%201990/page/88.
- ↑ "AMOA 1989-90 Award Winners Announced". Cash Box. November 10, 1990. https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Music/Archive-Cash-Box-IDX/90s/1990/CB-1990-11-10-OCR-Page-0025.pdf.
- ↑ "AMOA 1990 Nominees—New Categories Announced". Cash Box. August 18, 1990. https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Music/Archive-Cash-Box-IDX/90s/1990/CB-1990-08-18-OCR-Page-0029.pdf.
- ↑ "1990". Play Meter 20 (13): 84. December 1994. https://archive.org/details/play-meter-volume-20-number-13-december-1994/Play%20Meter%20-%20Volume%2020%2C%20Number%2013%20-%20December%201994/page/84.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (4): 4. January 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-4-january-1990-600DPI/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%204%20-%20January%201990/page/4.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (5): 4. February 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-5-february-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%205%20-%20February%201990/page/n3.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (6): 4. March 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-6-march-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%206%20-%20March%201990/page/4.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (7): 4. April 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-7-april-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%207%20-%20April%201990/page/n3.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (8): 4. May 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-8-may-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%208%20-%20May%201990/page/n3.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (9): 4. June 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-9-june-1990-600DPI/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%209%20-%20June%201990/page/n3.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (10): 4. July 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-10-july-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%2010%20-%20July%201990/page/4.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (11): 4. August 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-11-august-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%2011%20-%20August%201990/page/4.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 15 (12): 4. September 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-15-issue-no.-12-september-1990-600DPI/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2015%2C%20Issue%20No.%2012%20-%20September%201990/page/4.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 16 (1): 4. October 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-1-october-1990-600DPI/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%201%20-%20October%201990/page/4.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 16 (2): 4. November 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-2-november-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%202%20-%20November%201990/page/4.
- ↑ "RePlay: The Players' Choice". RePlay 16 (3): 4. December 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-3-december-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%203%20-%20December%201990/page/4/mode/1up.
- ↑ "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 15 (5): 90. February 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-5-february-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%205%20-%20February%201990/page/90.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 15 (6): 138. March 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-6-march-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%206%20-%20March%201990/page/138.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay (RePlay Publishing) 15 (7): 185. April 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-7-april-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%207%20-%20April%201990/page/185.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay (RePlay Publishing) 15 (8): 145. May 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-8-may-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%208%20-%20May%201990/page/145.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 15 (10): 143. July 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-10-july-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%2010%20-%20July%201990/page/143.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 15 (11): 53. August 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-11-august-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%2011%20-%20August%201990/page/53.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 15 (12): 26. September 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-15-issue-no.-12-september-1990-600DPI/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2015%2C%20Issue%20No.%2012%20-%20September%201990/page/26.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 16 (1): 171. October 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-1-october-1990-600DPI/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%201%20-%20October%201990/page/171.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 16 (2): 221. November 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-2-november-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%202%20-%20November%201990/page/221.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 16 (3): 172. December 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-3-december-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%203%20-%20December%201990/page/172.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 16 (4): 134. January 1991. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-4-january-1991-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%204%20-%20January%201991/page/134.
- ↑ "The Bondeal Chart". RePlay 16 (5): 130. February 1991. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-5-february-1991-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%205%20-%20February%201991/page/130.
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 小川 (Ogawa), 純生 (Sumio) (2010-12-14). "テレビゲーム機の変遷 —ファミコン、スーパーファミコン、プレステ、プレステ2、Wiiまで—" (in ja). 経営論集 (Keiei Ronshū) (77): 1–17 (2). March 2011. ISSN 0286-6439. http://www.toyo.ac.jp/uploaded/attachment/3049.pdf.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Sega competes with Game Boy". The Press-Courier. 6 January 1991. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=jU9LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=miMNAAAAIBAJ&pg=5346,882338.
- ↑ "Asiaweek". Asiaweek: 2. 1991. https://books.google.com/books?id=hIMMAQAAMAAJ. "Introduced in 1989, Game Boy sold 2.5 million units that year and 10 million in 1990."
- ↑ "Company News: Nintendo Sales Fall Short of Goals" (in en-US). The New York Times. 1991-01-11. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/11/business/company-news-nintendo-sales-fall-short-of-goals.html.
- ↑ "Segas sell better than Nintendos - official!". Sega Power (18): 6. May 1991. https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3ASegaPower_UK_18.pdf&page=6.
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 (in ko) 게임월드. 1994.
- ↑ "NewsLine: Reports and Analysis". MacUser: 47. February 1993. https://archive.org/details/MacUser9302February1993/page/n50.
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 Tanaka, Tatsuo (August 2001). Network Externality and Necessary Software Statistics. Statistics Bureau of Japan. p. 2. http://www.stat.go.jp/english/info/meetings/iaos/pdf/tanaka.pdf#page=2.
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 "The Hard stuff gets cheaper". Sega Power (United Kingdom: Future Publishing) (20): 19. July 1991. 6 June 1991. https://retrocdn.net/images/f/f1/SegaPower_UK_20.pdf#page=19.
- ↑ Nutt, Christian (12 September 2014). "Stalled engine: The TurboGrafx-16 turns 25". Game Developer. https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/stalled-engine-the-turbografx-16-turns-25.
- ↑ Rothstein, Edward (1990-04-26). "Electronics Notebook; Adventures in Never-Never Land" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/26/garden/electronics-notebook-adventures-never-never-land-revenge-shinobi-ninja-without.html.
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 Reimer, Jeremy (2005-12-15). Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures (en-us). Ars Technica.
- Jeremy Reimer (2012-12-07). Total Share: Personal Computer Market Share 1975-2010. Jeremy Reimer.
- ↑ "SEGA - Hardware Estimates". Proceedings. The Conference. 1994. pp. 125. https://books.google.com/books?id=rYK1AAAAIAAJ. "Master
1990 0.3" - ↑ U.S. Industrial Outlook. Business and Defense Services Administration. 1993. p. 26-17. https://books.google.com/books?id=Kl1HAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-SA26-PA17.
- ↑ 49.0 49.1 49.2 Yearly 1990 Top 100. Game Data Library.
- ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 Ehrlich, Willie (6 January 1991). "Beeping Invasion". Lancaster Eagle-Gazette: p. 13. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/39434069/lancaster-eagle-gazette/. "Super Mario Bros. 3 sold more than eight million units after its introduction last March. Dr. Mario, just released Nov. 15, sold 2.5 million in its first six weeks, of sales."
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 "Good Housekeeping". Good Housekeeping (Hearst Corporation) 212: 152. 1991. https://books.google.com/books?id=KgIyAQAAIAAJ. "8 million Super Mario Bros. 3 games were sold in 1990"
- ↑ Prins, Corien (16 September 1991). Computer Programme Protection in the U. S. S. R.:New Era for Socialist Copyright Law. Springer Netherlands. p. 11. ISBN 978-90-6544-593-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=PCglAQAAIAAJ. "Tetris , developed by two Soviet programmers, is a major success story in the Western world. By mid-1990, four million copies had been sold in the United States alone."
- ↑ "6,000 new toys join some old favorites this year" (in en). The Pittsburgh Press. 2 December 1990. https://books.google.com/books?id=qN4cAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA171&article_id=2510,1716036.
- ↑ Sheff, David (1994) [1993]. "Game Masters". Game Over: How Nintendo Conquered the World. Vintage Books. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-307-80074-9. Archived from the original on 2021-01-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20210102104823/file1.largepdf.com/file/2020/04/08/Game_Over_-_David_Sheff.pdf. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
- ↑ "News Feature: Cowabunga! Game production continues on TMNT powerhouse". RePlay (RePlay Publishing) 15 (8): 146–9. May 1990. https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-8-may-1990-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%208%20-%20May%201990/page/146.
- ↑ Yearly 1989 Top 100. Game Data Library.
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 "Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles". CU Amiga (issue 12): pages 70-71. February 1991 (January 1991). Archived from the original on 2017. https://archive.org/details/cuamiga-magazine-012/page/n69/mode/2up.
- ↑ 58.0 58.1 Selby, Holly (November 29, 1990). "Adventures in Toyland: This year's most-wanted playthings include turtles, Barbies and doll babies". The Baltimore Sun. https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1990-11-29-1990333059-story.html.
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 "Count Down Hot 100: USA Hot 10!". Famicom Tsūshin (226): 83. 16 April 1993. https://archive.org/details/famitsu-issue-226-apr-1993/page/83.
- ↑ "Surviving Together". Surviving Together (Committee and the Institute) 20-22: 68. 1990. https://books.google.com/books?id=CA8rAQAAIAAJ. "2.5 million copies later, Tetris is Nintendo's top-selling title for the first few months of 1990."
- ↑ "U.S.A. TOP 10". Famicom Tsūshin 1990 (10/11). 11 May 1990.
- ↑ 62.0 62.1 "U.s. Parents! Get Ready For The 3rd Invasion Of Super Mario Bros.". tribunedigital-chicagotribune. http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1990-03-29/features/9001260411_1_nintendo-spokeswoman-mushroom-kingdom-game-boy.
- ↑ 63.0 63.1 "U.S.A. Top 10" (in ja). Famitsu: 10. May 25, 1990. https://i.imgur.com/BuloBb7.png.
- ↑ 64.0 64.1 "U.S.A. TOP 10: 6月22日". Famicom Tsūshin 1990 (14): 10. 6 July 1990. https://archive.org/details/weekly-famitsu-no.-14-july-6th-1990-600dpi/Weekly%20Famitsu%20-%20No.%2014%20July%206th%201990%20%28Searchable%29/page/10.
- ↑ "U.S.A. TOP 15: 9月28日". Famicom Tsūshin 1990 (22): 10. 26 October 1990. https://archive.org/details/famitsu-issue-112-oct-1990/page/10.
- ↑ "Top-selling toy in September". U.S. News & World Report (U.S. News Publishing Corporation) 109: 13. 1990. https://books.google.com/books?id=REYnAQAAIAAJ. "Nintendo Action Set"
- ↑ Ramirez, Anthony (6 December 1990). "Slump May Even Hit Toys 'R' Us". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/06/business/slump-may-even-hit-toys-r-us.html.
- ↑ Tibbits, George (December 24, 1990). "Nintendo video craze at its peak, experts say". Tampa Bay Times (Tampa Publishing Company). https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1990/12/24/nintendo-video-craze-at-its-peak-experts-say/.
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 "U.S.A. Top 15" (in ja). Famitsu: 10. June 21, 1990. https://i.imgur.com/ExajnIn.png.
- ↑ "Super Mario Bros. 3". GameFan 1 (10): 77. September 1993. https://archive.org/details/GamefanVolume1Issue10September1993/page/n76.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (100 (March 1990)): 59–62. 16 February 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-100/page/n58.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (101 (April 1990)): 57–60. 16 March 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-101/page/n56.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (102 (May 1990)): 57–60. 16 April 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-102/page/n56.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (103 (June 1990)): 61–4. 16 May 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-103/page/n60.
- ↑ "Stuff!". S: The Sega Magazine (7 (June 1990)): 6. 5 May 1990. https://retrocdn.net/images/3/3b/StheSegaMagazine_UK_07.pdf#page=6.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (104 (July 1990)): 57–60. 16 June 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-104/page/n56.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (105 (August 1990)): 49–52. 16 July 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-105/page/n48.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (106 (September 1990)): 49–52. 16 August 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-106/page/n48.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (107 (October 1990)): 65–8. 16 September 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-107/page/n64.
- ↑ "Top 10 Charts". Mean Machines (1 (October 1990)): 50–1. September 1990. https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-magazine-02.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (108 (November 1990)): 65–8. 16 October 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-108/page/n64.
- ↑ "Top 10 Charts". Mean Machines (2 (November 1990)): 30–1. 29 October 1990. https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-magazine-01.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (109 (December 1990)): 89–94. 16 November 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-109/page/n88.
- ↑ "Top 10 Charts". Mean Machines (3): 62–3. December 1990. https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-magazine-03/page/n61/mode/2up?q=charts.
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (110 (January 1991)): 75–8. 15 December 1990. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-110/page/n74.
- ↑ "Top 10 Charts". Mean Machines (4 (January 1991)): 56–7. 3 January 1991. https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-magazine-04/page/n55/mode/2up.
- ↑ Every Christmas Top 10 from the last 20 years. GamesRadar (25 December 2007).
- ↑ "The C+VG Charts". Computer and Video Games (111 (February 1991)): 53–6. 16 January 1991. https://archive.org/details/cvg-magazine-111/page/n52.
- ↑ "Top 10 Charts". Mean Machines (5 (February 1991)): 56–7. 1 February 1991. https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-magazine-05/page/n55/mode/2up.