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In 1983, major events include the video game crash of 1983 in North America and the third generation of video game consoles beginning with the launch of Nintendo's Famicom (NES) and Sega's SG-1000 in Japan.
The year's highest‑grossing video game was the arcade racing blockbuster Pole Position, the third year in a row for a Namco arcade game. In the home market, the year's best-selling home system was Nintendo's Game & Watch for the fourth year in a row while the best-selling home video game was Donkey Kong.
Financial performance[]
Following the peak of 1982, a major shakeout of the North American video game industry, called the video game crash of 1983, began in 1983. By 1985, annual console game sales collapsed to just $100 million in North America.[1] The US computer industry was also negatively impacted in 1983, though not to the same extent as game consoles.[2]
The following table lists the annual sales and revenue generated by the electronic games industry in 1983, including video games and electro‑mechanical games. See sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.
Industry | Products | Market | Unit sales (est.) |
Annual revenue (est.) | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Inflation | |||||
Electronic games | United States | 104,410,752+ | $12,873,610,000 | $39,000,000,000 | ||
Arcade games | Worldwide | 393,752+ | $11,623,000,000 | $36,000,000,000 | ||
Arcade | Arcade games | United States | 393,752[3][4] | $9,300,000,000 | $28,000,000,000 | [3][5] |
Japan | — | $2,200,000,000 | $6,700,000,000 | [6][7] | ||
Arcade video games | United Kingdom | — | $123,000,000 | $390,000,000 | [8][9] | |
Electro‑mechanical games | United States | 43,752 | $1,000,000,000 | $3,100,000,000 | ||
Video games | Worldwide | 174,650,000+ | $16,463,000,000 | $50,000,000,000 | ||
Arcade | Arcade video games | United States | 350,000[10][4] | $8,300,000,000 | $25,000,000,000 | [3][5] |
Japan | — | $2,200,000,000 | $6,700,000,000 | [6][7] | ||
United Kingdom | — | $123,000,000 | $390,000,000 | [8][9] | ||
Worldwide | 350,000+ | $10,623,000,000 | $32,000,000,000 | |||
Console | Video game consoles | United States | 6,650,000 | $600,000,000 | $1,700,000,000 | [11][12] |
Japan | 1,210,000+ | — | — | [13] | ||
United Kingdom | — | $33,000,000 | $101,000,000 | [9] | ||
Worldwide | 7,860,000+ | — | — | |||
Console game cartridges | United States | 75,000,000 | $1,400,000,000 | $3,200,000,000 | [14] | |
Japan | 50,000,000 | $1,100,000,000 | $3,400,000,000 | [15][16] | ||
United Kingdom | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $64,000,000 | [9][17] | ||
Console market | United States | 81,650,000 | $3,200,000,000 | $10,000,000,000 | [5] | |
Japan | 56,650,000 | $1,700,000,000 | $5,200,000,000 | [18][19] | ||
United Kingdom | 1,000,000+ | $50,000,000 | $150,000,000 | [9][17] | ||
Worldwide | 139,300,000 | $4,950,000,000 | $15,000,000,000 | |||
Handheld | Handheld LCD games | Japan | 5,300,000+ | $250,000,000 | $760,000,000 | [20][18] |
United Kingdom | — | $68,000,000 | $210,000,000 | [9] | ||
United States | 2,367,000+ | $23,610,000 | $72,000,000 | [11] | ||
Worldwide | 13,000,000 | $500,000,000 | $1,500,000,000 | [21][22] | ||
Computer | Computer games | United States | 20,000,000 | $350,000,000 | $1,100,000,000 | [12][11] |
Japan | 2,000,000 | $40,000,000 | $120,000,000 | [23][n 1] | ||
Worldwide | 22,000,000+ | $390,000,000 | $1,200,000,000 | |||
Video games | United States | 104,367,000 | $11,873,610,000 | $36,000,000,000 | ||
Japan | 63,950,000 | $4,550,000,000 | $14,000,000,000 | |||
United Kingdom | 1,000,000+ | $246,000,000 | $780,000,000 | [9][8] | ||
Electronic games | Worldwide | 174,693,752+ | $17,463,000,000 | $53,000,000,000 |
Highest-grossing video games[]
The following titles were the highest-grossing video games worldwide in 1983, including arcade and home video games. See sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Company | Worldwide revenue (est.) | Revenue breakdown (est.) | Genre | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Inflation | Arcade | Home | ||||
1 | Pole Position | Namco | $680,000,000 | $2,100,000,000 | $650,000,000 | $28,000,000 | Racing |
2 | Ms. Pac-Man | Namco | $660,000,000 | $2,000,000,000 | $570,000,000 | $85,000,000 | Maze |
3 | Donkey Kong | Nintendo | $510,000,000 | $1,600,000,000 | $240,000,000 | $270,000,000 | Platformer |
4 | Champion Baseball / II | Sega | $320,000,000 | $1,000,000,000 | $320,000,000 | — | Sports |
5 | Mr. Do! | Universal | $310,000,000 | $950,000,000 | $300,000,000 | $10,000,000 | Maze |
6 | Galaga | Namco | $300,000,000 | $920,000,000 | $300,000,000 | — | Shmup |
7 | Donkey Kong Jr. | Nintendo | $280,000,000 | $860,000,000 | $120,000,000 | $160,000,000 | Platformer |
8 | Dragon's Lair | Cinematron | $240,000,000 | $730,000,000 | $240,000,000 | — | FMV |
9 | Q*bert | Gottlieb | $220,000,000 | $670,000,000 | $200,000,000 | $23,000,000 | Puzzle |
10 | Frogger | Konami | $190,000,000 | $580,000,000 | $120,000,000 | $73,000,000 | Action |
Mario Bros. | Nintendo | $190,000,000 | $580,000,000 | $68,000,000 | $120,000,000 | Platformer | |
Joust | Williams | $190,000,000 | $580,000,000 | $190,000,000 | $2,000,000 | Action | |
13 | Pac-Man | Namco | $170,000,000 | $520,000,000 | $100,000,000 | $65,000,000 | Maze |
14 | Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom | Sega | $160,000,000 | $490,000,000 | $160,000,000 | — | TPS |
Time Pilot | Konami | $160,000,000 | $490,000,000 | $140,000,000 | $24,000,000 | Shmup | |
16 | Popeye | Nintendo | $150,000,000 | $460,000,000 | $120,000,000 | $34,000,000 | Platformer |
17 | Dig Dug | Namco | $140,000,000 | $430,000,000 | $130,000,000 | $5,300,000 | Maze |
Jungle King (Jungle Hunt) | Taito | $140,000,000 | $430,000,000 | $120,000,000 | $17,000,000 | Platformer | |
Bagman | Valadon | $140,000,000 | $430,000,000 | $140,000,000 | — | Platformer | |
20 | Gyruss | Konami | $130,000,000 | $400,000,000 | $130,000,000 | — | TPS |
Space Invaders | Taito | $130,000,000 | $400,000,000 | $110,000,000 | $15,000,000 | Shmup | |
22 | Bump 'n' Jump | Data East | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | $120,000,000 | — | Driving |
BurgerTime (Hamburger) | Data East | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | $100,000,000 | $24,000,000 | Platformer | |
Nibbler | Rock-Ola | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | $120,000,000 | — | Snake | |
25 | Millipede | Atari | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | $120,000,000 | — | Shmup |
Super Pac-Man | Namco | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | $120,000,000 | — | Maze |
Highest-grossing arcade games[]
Pole Position, a racing game by Namco, was the highest-grossing arcade game in 1983.[24] The following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games worldwide in 1983. See sub-sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Company | Worldwide revenue (est.) | Revenue breakdown (est.) | Genre | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Inflation | Japan | USA | ||||
1 | Pole Position | Namco | $650,000,000 | $2,000,000,000 | $68,000,000 | $580,000,000 | Racing |
2 | Ms. Pac-Man | Namco | $570,000,000 | $1,700,000,000 | — | $570,000,000 | Maze |
3 | Champion Baseball / II | Sega | $320,000,000 | $1,000,000,000 | $320,000,000 | — | Sports |
4 | Galaga | Namco | $300,000,000 | $920,000,000 | $56,000,000 | $240,000,000 | Shmup |
Mr. Do! | Universal | $300,000,000 | $920,000,000 | $26,000,000 | $270,000,000 | Maze | |
6 | Donkey Kong | Nintendo | $240,000,000 | $730,000,000 | $3,000,000 | $240,000,000 | Platformer |
Dragon's Lair | Cinematron | $240,000,000 | $730,000,000 | — | $240,000,000 | FMV | |
8 | Q*bert | Gottlieb | $200,000,000 | $610,000,000 | — | $200,000,000 | Puzzle |
9 | Joust | Williams | $190,000,000 | $580,000,000 | — | $190,000,000 | Action |
10 | Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom | Sega | $160,000,000 | $490,000,000 | $42,000,000 | $120,000,000 | TPS |
11 | Bagman | Valadon | $140,000,000 | $430,000,000 | $18,000,000 | $120,000,000 | Platformer |
Time Pilot | Konami | $140,000,000 | $430,000,000 | $20,000,000 | $120,000,000 | Shmup | |
13 | Dig Dug | Namco | $130,000,000 | $400,000,000 | $6,000,000 | $120,000,000 | Maze |
Gyruss | Konami | $130,000,000 | $400,000,000 | $13,000,000 | $120,000,000 | TPS | |
15 | Bump 'n' Jump | Data East | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Driving |
Jungle King (Jungle Hunt) | Taito | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Platformer | |
Millipede | Atari | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Shmup | |
Nibbler | Rock-Ola | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Snake | |
19 | Donkey Kong Jr. | Nintendo | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Platformer |
Frogger | Konami | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Action | |
Popeye | Nintendo | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Platformer | |
Super Pac-Man | Namco | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 | Maze | |
24 | Front Line | Taito | $110,000,000 | $340,000,000 | $15,000,000 | $92,000,000 | Shooter |
Xevious | Namco | $110,000,000 | $340,000,000 | $63,000,000 | $45,000,000 | Shmup | |
25 | BurgerTime / Hamburger | Data East | $100,000,000 | $310,000,000 | $18,000,000 | $86,000,000 | Platformer |
Pac-Man | Namco | $100,000,000 | $310,000,000 | $3,000,000 | $100,000,000 | Maze | |
Robotron: 2084 | Williams | $100,000,000 | $310,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 | Shmup | |
Space Invaders | Taito | $100,000,000 | $310,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 | ||
Tron | Midway | $100,000,000 | $310,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 | Action | |
Turbo | Sega | $100,000,000 | $310,000,000 | $24,000,000 | $80,000,000 | Racing |
Japan[]
In Japan, the following titles were the year's highest-grossing arcade games.
Rank | Title | Company | Date [25][26] |
Points | Units (est.) [n 2][27] |
Coin drop earnings (est.)[n 3] |
Genre |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Champion Baseball [28][29][30] | Sega | 1983-03 | 110 | 25,000 | $300,000,000 | Sports |
2 | Astron Belt [31] | Sega | 1983-03 | 108 | 10,000 | $70,000,000 | TPS |
3 | Pole Position | Namco | 1982-09 | 105 | 10,000 | $68,000,000 | Racing |
4 | Xevious | Namco | 1982-12 | 96.8 | 10,000 | $63,000,000 | Shmup |
5 | Birdie King 2 | Taito | 1983-04 | 86.3 | 10,000 | $56,000,000 | Sports |
6 | Galaga | Namco | 1981-07 | 86.1 | 10,000 | $56,000,000 | Shmup |
7 | Zippy Race (MotoRace USA) | Irem | 1983-03 | 77.0 | 8,000 | $50,000,000 | Racing |
8 | Jangou | Nichibutsu | 1983-02 | 76.3 | 8,000 | $50,000,000 | Mahjong |
9 | Jantotsu | Sanritsu | 1983-04 | 76.0 | 8,000 | $49,000,000 | |
10 | Elevator Action | Taito | 1983-05 | 75.6 | 8,000 | $49,000,000 | Platformer |
11 | T.T. Mahjong | Taito | 1981[32] | 74.4 | 7,000 | $48,000,000 | Mahjong |
12 | Mappy | Namco | 1983-03 | 73.8 | 7,000 | $48,000,000 | Platformer |
13 | Hana Awase | Seta | 1982[33] | 67.1 | 7,000 | $44,000,000 | Hanafuda |
14 | Mario Bros. | Nintendo | 1983-06 | 65.4 | 7,000 | $43,000,000 | Platformer |
15 | Zoom 909 (Buck Rogers) | Sega | 1982-11 | 64.5 | 6,000 | $42,000,000 | TPS |
16 | Atama no Taisō | Unienter | 1983-04 | 58.9 | 6,000 | $38,000,000 | Puzzle |
17 | Star Jacker | Sega | 1983-06 | 55.9 | 6,000 | $36,000,000 | Shmup |
18 | Ultra Quiz | Taito | 1983-09 | 54.9 | 5,000 | $36,000,000 | Quiz |
19 | Pengo | Sega | 1982-09 | 54.6 | 5,000 | $35,000,000 | Puzzle |
20 | Battle Cruiser M-12 | Sigma | 1983-07 | 53.1 | 5,000 | $35,000,000 | Shmup |
21 | Mahjong Kyoshitsu | SNK | 1983-04 | 52.6 | 5,000 | $34,000,000 | Mahjong |
22 | Hanafuda | Seta | 1982[34] | 44.8 | 4,000 | $29,000,000 | Hanafuda |
23 | Mr. Do! | Universal | 1982-09 | 40.6 | 4,000 | $26,000,000 | Maze |
24 | Exerion | Jaleco | 1983-09 | 38.9 | 4,000 | $25,000,000 | Shmup |
25 | Shōgi | Alpha | 1980-09 | 37.4 | 4,000 | $24,000,000 | Chess |
26 | Turbo | Sega | 1981-10 | 37.4 | 4,000 | $24,000,000 | Racing |
27 | Star Wars | Atari | 1983-05 | 37.2 | 4,000 | $24,000,000 | Shmup |
28 | Bio-Attack | Taito | 1983-04 | 34.4 | 3,000 | $22,000,000 | |
29 | Pole Position II | Namco | 1983-06 | 34.1 | 3,000 | $22,000,000 | Racing |
30 | Champion Baseball II | Sega | 1983-08 | 34.0 | 3,000 | $22,000,000 | Sports |
Grand Champion | Taito | 1981-06 | 34.0 | 3,000 | $22,000,000 | Racing | |
32 | Laser Grand Prix | Taito | 1983-07 | 33.1 | 3,000 | $22,000,000 | Racing |
33 | Pro Soccer | Data East | 1983-06 | 32.7 | 3,000 | $21,000,000 | Sports |
34 | Espial | Orca / GGI | 1983-06 | 32.5 | 3,000 | $21,000,000 | Shmup |
35 | Time Pilot | Konami | 1982-11 | 30.7 | 3,000 | $20,000,000 | |
36 | Genma Taisen (Bega's Battle) | Data East | 1983-06 | 29.7 | 3,000 | $19,000,000 | TPS |
37 | Strike Bowling | Taito | 1982-05 | 29.6 | 3,000 | $19,000,000 | Sports |
38 | Bagman | Taito | 1983-05 | 28.4 | 3,000 | $18,000,000 | Platformer |
39 | Daifugou | Seta | 1983-03 | 27.9 | 3,000 | $18,000,000 | Card |
40 | Sindbad Mystery | Sega | 1983-07 | 27.7 | 3,000 | $18,000,000 | Maze |
41 | Arabian | Sun | 1983-06 | 27.7 | 3,000 | $18,000,000 | Platformer |
42 | Hamburger (BurgerTime) | Data East | 1982-08 | 27.6 | 3,000 | $18,000,000 | |
43 | Joshi Volleyball (Big Spikers) | Taito | 1983-10 | 27.4 | 3,000 | $18,000,000 | Sports |
44 | Hyper Olympic (Track & Field)[35] | Konami | 1983-09 | 26.3 | 38,000 | $17,000,000 | |
45 | Pac & Pal | Namco | 1983-06 | 25.3 | 3,000 | $16,000,000 | Maze |
46 | Genma Tarot | Data East | 1983-06 | 24.5 | 2,000 | $16,000,000 | Card |
47 | Mr. Do vs. Unicorns | Universal | 1983-09 | 24.3 | 2,000 | $16,000,000 | Platformer |
48 | Front Line | Taito | 1982-11 | 23.8 | 2,000 | $15,000,000 | Shooter |
49 | Pro Tennis | Data East | 1982-05 | 23.4 | 2,000 | $15,000,000 | Sports |
50 | Monaco GP | Sega | 1979-11 | 22.8 | 20,000 | $15,000,000 | Racing |
51 | Stinger | Seibu | 1983-09 | 22.0 | 2,000 | $14,000,000 | Shmup |
52 | Mr. Jong | Sanritsu | 1983-03 | 19.9 | 2,000 | $13,000,000 | Puzzle |
53 | Gyruss | Konami | 1983-03 | 19.7 | 2,000 | $13,000,000 | TPS |
54 | Hanaputer | Nichibutsu | 1982[36] | 19.4 | 2,000 | $13,000,000 | Hanafuda |
55 | Koi Koi | Sanritsu | 1982[33] | 19.2 | 2,000 | $12,000,000 | Mahjong |
56 | Exciting Soccer | Alpha | 1983-10 | 18.3 | 2,000 | $12,000,000 | Sports |
57 | TX-1 | Namco | 1983-10 | 18.2 | 2,000 | $12,000,000 | Racing |
58 | Galaxian | Namco | 1979-09 | 17.5 | 100,000 | $11,000,000 | Shmup |
59 | Gomoku Narabe | Nichibutsu | 1982-02 | 17.4 | 2,000 | $11,000,000 | Gomoku |
60 | Sky Lancer | Orca | 1983-01 | 15.7 | 2,000 | $10,000,000 | Shooter |
61 | Donkey Kong 3 | Nintendo | 1983-09 | 15.2 | 2,000 | $10,000,000 | Platformer |
62 | Video Hustler | Konami | 1981-07 | 14.7 | 1,000 | $10,000,000 | Sports |
63 | Pro Bowling | Data East | 1983-03 | 14.2 | 1,000 | $9,000,000 | |
64 | Jongputer | Sanritsu | 1981 | 13.7 | 1,000 | $9,000,000 | Mahjong |
Pachi Fever | Sanki | 1983-09 | 13.7 | 1,000 | $9,000,000 | Pachinko | |
66 | Crystal Castles | Atari | 1983-12 | 13.0 | 1,000 | $8,000,000 | Maze |
67 | Up'n Down | Sega | 1983-09 | 11.8 | 1,000 | $8,000,000 | Driving |
68 | Phozon | Namco | 1983-08 | 11.4 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Puzzle |
69 | Super Doubles Tennis | Data East | 1983-05 | 11.3 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Sports |
70 | Quiz Jump | Sanritsu | 1983-10 | 11.0 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Quiz |
71 | Tropical Angel | Irem | 1983-09 | 10.5 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Racing |
72 | Futari Mahjong Ron II | Sanritsu | 1981 | 10.3 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Mahjong |
Highway Race | Taito | 1983-04 | 10.3 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Racing | |
Space Invaders | Bally | 1980 | 10.3 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Pinball | |
75 | Mr. & Mrs. Pac-Man | Bally | 1982 | 10.0 | 1,000 | $7,000,000 | Pinball |
76 | Graplop | Data East | 1983-06 | 9.85 | 1,000 | $6,000,000 | Block |
77 | Top Roller | Jaleco | 1983-10 | 9.53 | 1,000 | $6,000,000 | Racing |
78 | 10-Yard Fight | Irem | 1983-12 | 9.00 | 1,000 | $6,000,000 | Sports |
79 | Zeroize | Data East | 1983-10 | 8.99 | 1,000 | $6,000,000 | Driving |
80 | Pro Golf | Data East | 1981-08 | 8.75 | 10,000 | $6,000,000 | Sports |
81 | Dig Dug | Namco | 1982-02 | 8.54 | 1,000 | $6,000,000 | Maze |
82 | Yamato | Sega | 1983-03 | 8.83 | 1,000 | $6,000,000 | TPS |
83 | Water Ski | Taito | 1983-09 | 8.10 | 1,000 | $5,000,000 | Sports |
84 | Senjyo | Tehkan | 1983-11 | 6.50 | 1,000 | $4,000,000 | FPS |
85 | Tip Top (Congo Bongo) | Sega | 1983-02 | 6.33 | 1,000 | $4,000,000 | Platformer |
86 | Zaxxon | Sega | 1981-12 | 6.00 | 1,000 | $4,000,000 | Shmup |
Mouser | UPL | 1982-12 | 6.00 | 1,000 | $4,000,000 | Platformer | |
Dacholer | Nichibutsu | 1983-10 | 6.00 | 1,000 | $4,000,000 | Action | |
89 | Super Rider | Taito | 1983-01 | 5.33 | 1,000 | $3,000,000 | Racing |
90 | Ponpoko | Sigma | 1982-11 | 5.00 | 1,000 | $3,000,000 | Platformer |
Saturn | Jaleco | 1983-08 | 5.00 | 1,000 | $3,000,000 | Shmup | |
Hopper Robo | Sega | 1983-08 | 5.00 | 1,000 | $3,000,000 | Platformer | |
Atama no Taisou II | Unienter | 1983-09 | 5.00 | 1,000 | $3,000,000 | Puzzle | |
94 | Pac-Man | Namco | 1980-05 | 4.75 | 100,000 | $3,000,000 | Maze |
95 | Jangou Night | Nichibutsu | 1983-10 | 4.66 | 500 | $3,000,000 | Mahjong |
96 | Tac/Scan | Sega | 1982-09 | 4.50 | 500 | $3,000,000 | Shmup |
Bosconian | Namco | 1981-11 | 4.50 | 2,000 | $3,000,000 | Shmup | |
98 | Donkey Kong | Nintendo | 1981-07 | 4.40 | 65,000 | $3,000,000 | Platformer |
Jump Coaster | Taito | 1983-01 | 4.40 | 400 | $3,000,000 | ||
Total | 2,994 | 700,000+[37] | $2,200,000,000[6][7] |
Game Machine provided the following earning figures in terms of points.
Title | Company | Date [25][26] |
Points | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5/15 [38] |
6/15 [39] |
7/1 [40] |
7/15 [41] |
8/1 [42] |
8/15 [43] |
9/1 [44] |
9/15 [45] |
10/1 [46] |
10/15 [47] |
11/1 [48] |
11/15 [49] |
12/1 [50] |
12/15 [51] |
1/1 [52] |
Total | |||
Champion Baseball | Sega | 1983-03 | 8.89 | 8.15 | 7.85 | 7.75 | 7.47 | 7.20 | 7.45 | 6.85 | 6.57 | 6.63 | 5.76 | 5.77 | 5.44 | 5.16 | 4.90 | 109 |
Astron Belt | Sega | 1983-03 | 8.83 | 8.43 | 8.25 | 8.10 | 8.00 | 7.78 | 8.05 | 7.00 | 7.11 | 6.83 | 6.00 | 6.06 | 5.92 | 5.73 | 5.50 | 108 |
Pole Position | Namco | 1982-09 | 8.41 | 7.78 | 7.38 | 7.45 | 7.45 | 7.43 | 7.40 | 7.04 | 6.95 | 7.19 | 6.42 | 6.16 | 6.05 | 5.85 | 6.12 | 105 |
Xevious | Namco | 1982-12 | 7.55 | 7.33 | 7.04 | 6.80 | 6.86 | 6.78 | 6.78 | 6.39 | 6.18 | 6.09 | 6.04 | 5.93 | 5.47 | 5.72 | 5.81 | 96.8 |
Birdie King 2 | Taito | 1983-04 | 6.37 | 6.71 | 5.87 | 6.28 | 6.25 | 6.14 | 5.75 | 5.85 | 5.50 | 5.71 | 4.66 | 5.25 | 4.50 | 5.57 | 5.85 | 86.3 |
Galaga | Namco | 1981-07 | 6.26 | 6.26 | 5.77 | 5.94 | 6.26 | 6.27 | 6.11 | 5.94 | 5.38 | 5.88 | 5.15 | 5.00 | 5.06 | 5.33 | 5.45 | 86.1 |
Zippy Race | Irem | 1983-03 | — | — | 6.50 | 7.71 | 7.31 | 7.20 | 6.95 | 6.42 | 5.85 | 5.76 | 5.05 | 4.70 | 4.70 | 4.47 | 4.40 | 77.0 |
Jangou | Nichibutsu | 1983-02 | 6.33 | 6.00 | 5.57 | 5.44 | 5.73 | 5.75 | 5.43 | 4.62 | 4.40 | 4.78 | 4.27 | 4.57 | 4.53 | 4.50 | 4.38 | 76.3 |
Jantotsu | Sanritsu | 1983-04 | 6.20 | 5.00 | 5.30 | 5.10 | 5.45 | 5.12 | 5.70 | 4.80 | 4.42 | 5.25 | 5.14 | 4.75 | 4.60 | 4.28 | 4.84 | 76.0 |
Elevator Action | Taito | 1983-05 | — | — | — | — | 9.00 | 8.33 | 7.80 | 7.26 | 7.09 | 7.22 | 6.27 | 5.78 | 5.59 | 5.58 | 5.71 | 75.6 |
T.T. Mahjong | Taito | 1981[32] | 6.00 | 6.33 | 5.16 | 5.20 | 5.33 | 5.66 | 5.75 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | — | 5.00 | 5.00 | 74.4 |
Mappy | Namco | 1983-03 | 7.00 | 6.50 | 5.86 | 5.75 | 5.81 | 5.88 | 5.41 | 4.65 | 4.84 | 4.93 | 4.46 | 4.23 | 4.08 | — | 4.37 | 73.8 |
Hana Awase | Seta | 1982[33] | 5.77 | 6.40 | 5.33 | 4.75 | 5.14 | 5.00 | 6.00 | 5.00 | — | 5.50 | 4.25 | 5.00 | 4.50 | — | 4.50 | 67.1 |
Mario Bros. | Nintendo | 1983-06 | — | — | — | 6.00 | 6.53 | 6.33 | 6.31 | 5.81 | 6.05 | 6.05 | 5.55 | 5.75 | 5.60 | 5.46 | — | 65.4 |
Zoom 909 | Sega | 1982-11 | 6.25 | 5.85 | 5.54 | 5.54 | 5.66 | 5.80 | 5.80 | 4.81 | 5.33 | 5.25 | 4.55 | — | — | — | 4.14 | 64.5 |
Atama no Taisō | Unienter | 1983-04 | — | 7.28 | 6.88 | 6.50 | 6.25 | 5.92 | 6.00 | 5.40 | 5.20 | 4.78 | 4.69 | — | — | — | — | 58.9 |
Star Jacker | Sega | 1983-06 | — | 6.25 | 5.50 | 5.75 | 5.60 | 5.55 | 4.83 | 4.50 | 4.71 | 4.66 | 4.00 | 4.50 | — | — | — | 55.9 |
Ultra Quiz | Taito | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.33 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 6.50 | 7.00 | 5.80 | 7.28 | 54.9 |
Pengo | Sega | 1982-09 | 5.88 | 5.60 | 5.25 | 5.12 | 5.11 | 4.88 | 4.60 | 4.46 | 4.62 | 4.78 | 4.25 | — | — | — | — | 54.6 |
Battle Cruiser M-12 | Sigma | 1983-07 | — | — | — | — | — | 7.50 | 6.28 | 5.14 | 5.71 | 5.37 | 4.57 | 5.00 | 4.57 | 4.42 | 4.50 | 53.1 |
Mahjong Kyoshitsu | SNK | 1983-04 | — | 5.44 | 5.60 | 4.87 | 5.12 | 5.00 | 4.85 | — | 4.00 | 4.14 | 4.60 | — | — | 4.75 | 4.20 | 52.6 |
Hanafuda | Seta | 1982[34] | 6.00 | 4.75 | — | 5.00 | — | — | — | 5.00 | 5.00 | — | 5.00 | 5.00 | 4.50 | 4.50 | — | 44.8 |
Mr. Do! | Universal | 1982-09 | — | 4.62 | 4.60 | 4.58 | 4.45 | — | — | 4.50 | — | 4.33 | — | 4.50 | 4.25 | — | 4.80 | 40.6 |
Exerion | Jaleco | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9.00 | 7.91 | 7.26 | 7.26 | 7.45 | 38.9 |
Shōgi | Alpha | 1980-09 | — | — | 4.85 | 4.44 | — | 4.42 | 5.14 | — | — | 4.16 | 4.44 | 4.60 | — | 5.33 | — | 37.4 |
Turbo | Sega | 1981-10 | 4.66 | 4.66 | 5.25 | — | 4.60 | — | 4.75 | 4.50 | 4.33 | — | — | — | 4.66 | — | — | 37.4 |
Star Wars | Atari | 1983-05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.25 | 7.75 | 7.85 | 7.20 | 7.18 | 37.2 |
Bio-Attack | Taito | 1983-04 | 5.66 | 6.00 | 4.66 | 4.80 | 4.42 | — | 4.33 | — | — | 4.50 | — | — | — | — | — | 34.4 |
Pole Position II | Namco | 1983-06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 8.50 | 8.75 | 8.50 | 8.30 | 34.1 |
Champion Baseball II | Sega | 1983-08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.66 | — | 5.88 | 5.70 | 5.25 | 4.83 | 4.70 | 34.0 |
Grand Champion | Taito | 1981-06 | 5.16 | 5.00 | 4.83 | — | — | 5.00 | — | 4.50 | 4.75 | 4.75 | — | — | — | — | — | 34.0 |
Laser Grand Prix | Taito | 1983-07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9.00 | 8.72 | 7.46 | 7.89 | 33.1 |
Pro Soccer | Data East | 1983-06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.83 | 6.36 | 6.28 | 4.70 | 4.45 | 4.11 | — | — | 32.7 |
Espial | Orca / GGI | 1983-06 | — | — | 6.44 | 5.37 | 6.00 | 5.20 | 5.20 | — | — | 4.33 | — | — | — | — | — | 32.5 |
Time Pilot | Konami | 1982-11 | 5.62 | 5.53 | 5.18 | 4.80 | 5.13 | — | — | 4.40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30.7 |
Genma Taisen | Data East | 1983-06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.50 | 6.33 | 5.66 | 5.50 | 5.66 | 29.7 |
Strike Bowling | Taito | 1982-05 | 5.62 | 5.50 | 4.50 | 4.85 | 4.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.75 | — | 29.6 |
Bagman | Taito | 1983-05 | — | 6.00 | 6.14 | 6.28 | 5.00 | 5.00 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28.4 |
Daifugou | Seta | 1983-03 | 5.50 | 4.58 | — | 4.44 | — | 4.42 | 4.50 | — | — | 4.50 | — | — | — | — | — | 27.9 |
Sindbad Mystery | Sega | 1983-07 | — | — | — | 7.00 | 5.85 | 5.44 | 4.88 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.50 | — | 27.7 |
Arabian | Sun | 1983-06 | — | — | — | 4.50 | 5.00 | 5.16 | — | 4.71 | — | 4.33 | — | 4.00 | — | — | — | 27.7 |
Hamburger | Data East | 1982-08 | — | 4.60 | — | — | — | — | — | 4.75 | 5.00 | 4.25 | — | — | 4.50 | 4.50 | — | 27.6 |
Joshi Volleyball | Taito | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.86 | 7.45 | 6.27 | 5.81 | 27.4 |
Hyper Olympic | Konami | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9.00 | 8.64 | 8.61 | 26.3 |
Pac & Pal | Namco | 1983-06 | — | — | — | — | — | 6.66 | 5.00 | 5.62 | — | — | 4.00 | 4.00 | — | — | — | 25.3 |
Genma Tarot | Data East | 1983-06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.00 | 5.66 | 5.33 | — | 6.50 | — | 24.5 |
Mr. Do vs Unicorns | Universal | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.50 | — | 6.00 | 5.00 | 4.40 | 4.40 | — | 24.3 |
Front Line | Taito | 1982-11 | 5.56 | 4.81 | 4.56 | 4.47 | — | — | 4.41 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23.8 |
Pro Tennis | Data East | 1982-05 | — | — | — | — | 4.60 | 5.00 | 4.50 | 5.00 | — | 4.25 | — | — | — | — | — | 23.4 |
Monaco GP | Sega | 1979-11 | — | — | — | 4.60 | 4 | 5.00 | — | 4.83 | 4.40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 22.8 |
Stinger | Seibu | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.85 | 6.00 | 5.57 | 4.57 | 22.0 |
Mr. Jong | Sanritsu | 1983-03 | 5.42 | 5.50 | 4.66 | — | — | — | 4.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19.9 |
Gyruss | Konami | 1983-03 | — | — | 5.60 | 5.09 | 4.44 | 4.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19.7 |
Hanaputer | Nichibutsu | 1982[36] | 6.00 | — | — | 4.25 | — | — | — | — | 4.66 | — | — | — | — | 4.50 | — | 19.4 |
Koi Koi | Sanritsu | 1982[33] | 6.00 | — | 4.50 | — | 4.40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.25 | 19.2 |
Exciting Soccer | Alpha | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.60 | 6.00 | 5.72 | 18.3 |
TX-1 | Namco | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9.33 | 8.83 | 18.2 |
Galaxian | Namco | 1979-09 | — | — | — | — | — | 4.41 | — | 4.71 | 4.22 | — | — | — | — | — | 4.12 | 17.5 |
Gomoku Narabe | Nichibutsu | 1982-02 | — | — | — | — | 4.33 | — | — | 4.50 | — | — | — | 4.25 | — | — | 4.33 | 17.4 |
Sky Lancer | Orca | 1983-01 | 6.00 | 5.00 | 4.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15.7 |
Donkey Kong 3 | Nintendo | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | 5.20 | 5.00 | 15.2 |
Video Hustler | Konami | 1981-07 | 5.00 | — | 5.00 | — | 4.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 14.7 |
Pro Bowling | Data East | 1983-03 | 5.30 | 4.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.33 | — | — | 14.2 |
Jongputer | Sanritsu | 1981 | — | 4.80 | — | — | 4.35 | — | 4.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 13.7 |
Pachi Fever | Sanki | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | 4.30 | 4.40 | — | 13.7 |
Crystal Castles | Atari | 1983-12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.00 | 6.00 | 13.0 |
Up'n Down | Sega | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.53 | 5.25 | — | — | 11.8 |
Phozon | Namco | 1983-08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.66 | 4.75 | 11.4 |
Super Doubles Tennis | Data East | 1983-05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.14 | 5.15 | — | — | 11.3 |
Quiz Jump | Sanritsu | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.00 | 5.00 | — | 11.0 |
Tropical Angel | Irem | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.60 | 4.91 | — | — | 10.5 |
Ron II / Ron 2 | Sanritsu | 1981 | 5.00 | 5.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10.3 |
Highway Race | Taito | 1983-04 | — | 5.60 | 4.71 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10.3 |
Space Invaders | Bally | 1980 | — | — | — | 5.00 | — | 5.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10.3 |
Mr & Mrs Pac-Man | Bally | 1982 | 5.00 | 5.00 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10.0 |
Graplop | Data East | 1983-06 | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | 4.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9.85 |
Top Roller | Jaleco | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | 4.53 | — | — | — | — | 9.53 |
10-Yard Fight | Irem | 1983-12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9.00 | 9.00 |
Zeroize | Data East | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.71 | 4.28 | 8.99 |
Pro Golf | Data East | 1981-08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.50 | — | — | 4.25 | — | — | — | 8.75 |
Dig Dug | Namco | 1982-02 | — | 4.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.00 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 8.54 |
Yamato | Sega | 1983-03 | — | — | 4.50 | — | — | — | 4.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 8.83 |
Water Ski | Taito | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3.66 | — | 4.44 | — | — | — | — | 8.10 |
Senjyo | Tehkan | 1983-11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.50 | 6.50 |
Tip Top | Sega | 1983-02 | — | 6.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.33 |
Zaxxon | Sega | 1981-12 | 6.00 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.00 |
Mouser | UPL | 1982-12 | 6.00 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.00 |
Dacholer | Nichibutsu | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6.00 | — | — | 6.00 |
Super Rider | Taito | 1983-01 | — | 5.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.33 |
Ponpoko | Sigma | 1982-11 | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 |
Saturn | Jaleco | 1983-08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | — | — | — | — | 5.00 |
Hopper Robo | Sega | 1983-08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | — | — | — | 5.00 |
Atama no Taisou II | Unienter | 1983-09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 | — | — | — | — | — | 5.00 |
Pac-Man | Namco | 1980-05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.75 |
Jangou Night | Nichibutsu | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.66 | 4.66 |
Tac/Scan | Sega | 1982-09 | — | — | 4.50 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.50 |
Bosconian | Namco | 1981-11 | — | — | — | — | — | 4.50 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.50 |
Donkey Kong | Nintendo | 1971-07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.40 |
Jump Coaster | Taito | 1983-01 | — | — | 4.40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.40 |
Annual | 2,993 |
United States[]
In the United States, the following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games in 1983. See tables below for breakdown of revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Company | Release | Gross revenue (est.) | Revenue breakdown (est.) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unit sales | Coin drop | |||||
1 | Pole Position [53][54][55] | Namco | 1982-11[56] | $590,000,000 | $88,000,000 | $500,000,000 |
2 | Ms. Pac-Man [57] | Namco | 1982-02[58] | $570,000,000 | $66,000,000 | $500,000,000 |
3 | Mr. Do! [59] | Universal | 1982-12 | $270,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $250,000,000 |
4 | Dragon's Lair [60][59][57] | Cinematron | 1983-07[61] | $240,000,000 | $32,000,000 | $210,000,000 |
5 | Donkey Kong [54] | Nintendo | 1981-07[62] | $240,000,000 | — | $240,000,000 |
Galaga [54] | Namco | 1981-10[63] | $240,000,000 | $20,000,000 | $220,000,000 | |
7 | Q*bert [54] | Gottlieb | 1982-10 | $200,000,000 | — | $200,000,000 |
8 | Joust [54] | Williams | 1982-10[64] | $190,000,000 | — | $190,000,000 |
9 | Jungle King (Jungle Hunt)[54] | Taito | 1982-08[65] | $120,000,000 | — | $120,000,000 |
Time Pilot [54] | Konami | 1982-12[66] | $120,000,000 | $20,000,000 | $100,000,000 | |
Bump 'n' Jump [54] | Data East | 1982-12 | $120,000,000 | $12,000,000 | $100,000,000 | |
Bagman [54] | Valadon | 1983-02[67] | $120,000,000 | $4,800,000 | $100,000,000 | |
Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom[54] | Sega | 1982-11 | $120,000,000 | $5,000,000 | $100,000,000 | |
Nibbler [54] | Rock-Ola | 1982-10 | $120,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 | |
Millipede [57] | Atari | 1982-11 | $120,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $100,000,000 | |
16 | Popeye | Nintendo | 1982-11 | $120,000,000 | $30,000,000 | $100,000,000 |
Super Pac-Man | Namco | 1982-11[67] | $120,000,000 | $30,000,000 | $100,000,000 | |
Gyruss | Konami | 1983-03[68] | $120,000,000 | $12,036,030 | $110,000,000 | |
Frogger | Sega | 1981-09[69] | $120,000,000 | $20,000,000 | $100,000,000 | |
Donkey Kong Jr. | Nintendo | 1982-06[70] | $120,000,000 | $10,000,000 | $110,000,000 | |
Dig Dug | Namco | 1982-04[56] | $120,000,000 | $4,000,000 | $115,000,000 | |
22 | Pac-Man | Namco | 1980-10 | $100,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 |
Space Invaders | Taito | 1978-10 | $100,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 | |
Robotron: 2084 | Williams | 1982-03[71] | $100,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 | |
Tron | Midway | 1982-08[72] | $100,000,000 | — | $100,000,000 | |
26 | Front Line | Taito | 1982-11 | $92,000,000 | $18,000,000 | $74,000,000 |
27 | Baby Pac-Man | Namco | 1982-10 | $90,000,000 | $20,000,000 | $70,000,000 |
28 | Cliff Hanger | TMS | 1983-09[73] | $90,000,000 | $24,000,000 | $66,000,000 |
29 | BurgerTime | Data East | 1982-11 | $86,000,000 | $20,000,000 | $66,000,000 |
Star Trek | Sega | 1983-01 | $86,000,000 | $18,000,000 | $68,000,000 | |
31 | Turbo | Sega | 1982-01[74] | $80,000,000 | — | $80,000,000 |
32 | SubRoc-3D | Sega | 1982-03[75] | $75,000,000 | $14,000,000 | $61,000,000 |
33 | Moon Patrol | Irem | 1982-08[74] | $69,000,000 | — | $69,000,000 |
34 | Pac-Man Plus | Namco | 1982-11[76] | $65,000,000 | $20,000,000 | $45,000,000 |
35 | Tutankham | Konami | 1982-07[77] | $63,000,000 | — | $63,000,000 |
36 | Xevious | Namco | 1983-02[56] | $45,000,000 | $11,000,000 | $34,000,000 |
37 | Super Zaxxon | Sega | 1982-11[78] | $43,000,000 | $10,000,000 | $33,000,000 |
38 | Satan's Hollow | Midway | 1982-10 | $40,000,000 | — | $40,000,000 |
39 | Naughty Boy | Jaleco | 1982-05[74] | $32,000,000 | — | $32,000,000 |
40 | Track & Field | Konami | 1983-10[79] | $28,000,000 | $11,483,024 | $17,000,000 |
41 | Zoo Keeper | Taito | 1983-03[80] | $26,000,000 | $7,500,000 | $18,000,000 |
42 | Mario Bros. | Nintendo | 1983-03[81] | $25,000,000 | $7,600,000 | $17,000,000 |
43 | Mappy | Namco | 1983-04 | $24,000,000 | $10,000,000 | $14,000,000 |
44 | Pole Position II | Namco | 1983-10 | $21,400,000 | $7,400,000 | $14,000,000 |
45 | Monster Bash | Sega | 1982-11[82] | $21,000,000 | $5,000,000 | $16,000,000 |
Congo Bongo (Tip Top) | Sega | 1983-03 | $21,000,000 | $5,000,000 | $16,000,000 | |
47 | Star Wars | Atari | 1983-05[56] | $17,000,000 | $7,000,000 | $10,000,000 |
Sinistar | Williams | 1983-02 | $17,000,000 | $4,000,000 | $13,000,000 | |
Tac/Scan | Sega | 1982-09[78] | $17,000,000 | — | $17,000,000 | |
50 | Donkey Kong 3 | Nintendo | 1983-10 | $15,000,000 | $10,000,000 | $4,600,000 |
Super Rider | Taito | 1983-06[83] | $15,000,000 | $5,000,000 | $10,000,000 | |
Domino Man | Bally | 1983-01[84] | $15,000,000 | $4,000,000 | $11,000,000 | |
53 | Pengo | Sega | 1982-10[85] | $13,000,000 | — | $13,000,000 |
Blue Print | Zilec | 1982-11[86] | $13,000,000 | — | $13,000,000 | |
55 | Space Ace | Cinematron | 1983-12[87] | $12,000,000 | $6,000,000 | $6,000,000 |
Lazarian | Zaccaria | 1981 | $12,000,000 | — | $12,000,000 | |
57 | Arabian | Sun Denshi | 1983-05[56] | $11,000,000 | $4,000,000 | $6,600,000 |
58 | Mad Planets | Gottlieb | 1983-03[88] | $10,000,000 | $3,000,000 | $7,000,000 |
59 | Food Fight | Atari | 1983-03[56] | $6,500,000 | $2,000,000 | $4,500,000 |
60 | Liberator | Atari | 1982-11[56] | $4,800,000 | — | $4,800,000 |
61 | Guzzler | Tehkan | 1983-04[79] | $4,200,000 | $553,007 | $3,600,000 |
62 | Munch Mobile | SNK | 1983-03[79] | $3,300,000 | $390,358 | $2,900,000 |
Slither | GDI | 1982-08[89] | $3,300,000 | — | $3,300,000 | |
64 | Quantum | Atari | 1982-11[56] | $3,100,000 | — | $3,100,000 |
65 | Aztarac | Centuri | 1983-09[79] | $1,200,000 | $422,888 | $760,000 |
Arcade video games | $8,300,000,000 | $2,900,000,000 | $5,400,000,000 | |||
1 | Whac-A-Mole (Mogura Taiji) | TOGO | 1977 | $49,000,000 | — | $49,000,000 |
2 | Skee-Ball | Skee-Ball | 1947[90] | $47,000,000 | — | $47,000,000 |
3 | Chexx | ICE | 1982-11[91] | $47,000,000 | — | $47,000,000 |
4 | Mr. & Mrs. Pac-Man | Bally | 1982-04[92] | $39,000,000 | — | $39,000,000 |
5 | Mini Skee-Ball | Skee-Ball | 1970[93] | $15,000,000 | — | $15,000,000 |
6 | High Ball | Norton | 1982-11[94] | $14,000,000 | — | $14,000,000 |
7 | Boom Ball | Meltec | 1980[95] | $12,000,000 | — | $12,000,000 |
Electro-mechanical | $1,000,000,000 | $1,000,000,000 |
The following table gives a breakdown of sales and revenue estimates.
Title | Company | Release | Annual unit sales (est.)[96] | Annual coin drop earnings (est.)[97][3] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Units[97] | Revenue[n 4][98] | Ref | Units[97][30] | Per unit | Gross[n 5] | |||
Pole Position [53][54][55] | Namco | 1982-11[56] | 20,500[80] | $86,000,000 | [99] | 21,000[80] | $23,300 | $500,000,000 |
Ms. Pac-Man [57] | Namco | 1982-02[58] | 17,000 | $60,000,000 | [100] | 70,000 | $7,500 | $500,000,000 |
Mr. Do! [59] | Universal | 1982-11[101] | 29,500[4] | $21,000,000 | [102] | 30,000[4] | $8,400 | $250,000,000 |
Dragon's Lair [60][59][57] | Cinematron | 1983-07[61] | 16,000[103] | $32,000,000 | [104] | 16,000 | $13,000 | $210,000,000 |
Donkey Kong [54] | Nintendo | 1981-07[62] | — | — | 40,000+ | $6,200 | $240,000,000 | |
Galaga [54] | Namco | 1981-10[63] | — | — | 30,000 | $7,500 | $220,000,000 | |
Q*bert [54] | Gottlieb | 1982-10 | — | — | 25,000[105] | $8,200 | $200,000,000 | |
Joust [54] | Williams | 1982-10[64] | — | — | 26,000[106] | $7,300 | $190,000,000 | |
Jungle King (Jungle Hunt)[54] | Taito | 1982-08[65] | — | — | 18,000[107] | $6,700 | $120,000,000 | |
Time Pilot [54] | Konami | 1982-12[66] | 10,000+ | $35,000,000 | [108] | 10,000+ | $8,700 | $100,000,000 |
Bump 'n' Jump [54] | Data East | 1982-12 | 6,000+ | $21,000,000 | [109] | 2,500+ | — | $100,000,000 |
Bagman [54] | Valadon | 1983-02[67] | 3,200[80] | $5,000,000 | [110] | 3,200+ | — | $100,000,000 |
Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom[54] | Sega | 1982-11 | 3,000+ | $11,000,000 | [111] | 2,500+ | — | $100,000,000 |
Nibbler [54] | Rock-Ola | 1982-10 | — | — | — | — | $100,000,000 | |
Millipede [57] | Atari | 1982-11 | 9,990 | $21,000,000 | [56] | 9,990[56] | — | $100,000,000 |
Popeye | Nintendo | 1982-11 | 20,000 | $70,000,000 | [112] | 15,000 | $6,700 | $100,000,000 |
Super Pac-Man | Namco | 1982-11[67] | 15,000 | $53,000,000 | [113] | 15,000 | $6,700 | $100,000,000 |
Gyruss | Konami | 1983-03[68] | 20,060 | $12,036,030 | [79] | 20,060 | $6,600 | $110,000,000 |
Frogger | Sega | 1981-09[69] | — | — | 30,000 | $3,600 | $100,000,000 | |
Donkey Kong Jr. | Nintendo | 1982-06[70] | — | — | 20,000+ | $6,500 | $110,000,000 | |
Dig Dug | Namco | 1982-04[56] | 2,183 | $4,000,000 | [56] | 22,228[56] | $6,200 | $115,000,000 |
Pac-Man | Namco | 1980-10 | — | — | 30,000 | $3,600 | $100,000,000 | |
Space Invaders | Taito | 1978-10 | — | — | 30,000 | $3,600 | $100,000,000 | |
Robotron: 2084 | Williams | 1982-03[71] | — | — | 23,000[80] | $6,200 | $100,000,000 | |
Tron | Midway | 1982-08[72] | — | — | 20,000[114] | $6,200 | $100,000,000 | |
Front Line | Taito | 1982-11 | 9,000 | $32,000,000 | [111] | 9,000 | $8,200 | $74,000,000 |
Baby Pac-Man | Namco | 1982-10 | 10,000 | $35,000,000 | [115] | 10,000 | $7,000 | $70,000,000 |
BurgerTime | Data East | 1982-11 | 10,000 | $35,000,000 | [116] | 10,000 | $6,600 | $66,000,000 |
Star Trek | Sega | 1983-01 | 9,000 | $32,000,000 | [108] | 9,000 | $7,500 | $68,000,000 |
Turbo | Sega | 1982-01[74] | — | — | 11,000[117] | $7,300 | $80,000,000 | |
SubRoc-3D | Sega | 1982-03[75] | 7,000 | $25,000,000 | 9,000[111] | $6,800 | $61,000,000 | |
Moon Patrol | Irem | 1982-08[74] | — | — | 10,000[116] | $6,900 | $69,000,000 | |
Cliff Hanger | TMS | 1983-09[73] | 6,000 | $24,000,000 | [118] | 6,000 | $11,000 | $66,000,000 |
Pac-Man Plus | Namco | 1982-11[76] | 10,000 | $7,000,000 | [102] | 10,000 | $6,300 | $63,000,000 |
Tutankham | Konami | 1982-07[77] | — | — | 10,000[119] | $6,300 | $63,000,000 | |
Xevious | Namco | 1983-02[56] | 5,295 | $11,000,000 | [56] | 5,295 | $6,500 | $34,000,000 |
Super Zaxxon | Sega | 1982-11[78] | 5,000+ | $10,000,000 | [120] | 5,000+ | $6,600 | $33,000,000 |
Satan's Hollow | Midway | 1982-10 | — | — | 6,000+[121] | $6,700 | $40,000,000 | |
Naughty Boy | Jaleco | 1982-05[74] | — | — | 5,000[122] | $6,300 | $32,000,000 | |
Track & Field | Konami | 1983-10[79] | 19,138 | $11,483,024 | [79] | 19,138 | $910 | $17,000,000 |
Zoo Keeper | Taito | 1983-03[80] | 3,000 | $11,000,000 | [67] | 3,000 | $6,000 | $18,000,000 |
Mario Bros. | Nintendo | 1983-03[81] | 3,800 | $13,000,000 | [80] | 3,800 | $4,400 | $17,000,000 |
Mappy | Namco | 1983-04 | 5,000+ | $18,000,000 | [109] | 2,500+ | $5,600 | $14,000,000 |
Space Ace | Cinematron | 1983-12[87] | 1,500 | $6,000,000 | [123] | 1,500 | $1,600 | $6,000,000 |
Monster Bash | Sega | 1982-11[82] | 3,000+ | $11,000,000 | [111] | 3,000+ | $6,400 | $16,000,000 |
Congo Bongo (Tip Top) | Sega | 1983-03 | 3,000+ | $11,000,000 | [124] | 3,000+ | $6,200 | $16,000,000 |
Star Wars | Atari | 1983-05[56] | 3,000+ | $7,000,000 | [56] | 3,000+ | $3,400 | $10,000,000 |
Sinistar | Williams | 1983-02 | 2,000 | $4,000,000 | [124] | 2,000 | $6,300 | $13,000,000 |
Tac/Scan | Sega | 1982-09[78] | — | — | 3,000+[121] | $6,600 | $17,000,000 | |
Donkey Kong 3 | Nintendo | 1983-10 | 5,000 | $18,000,000 | [112] | 5,000 | $4,000 | $20,000,000 |
Super Rider | Taito | 1983-06[83] | 3,000+ | $11,000,000 | [108] | 2,500+ | $4,000 | $10,000,000 |
Pole Position II | Namco | 1983-10 | 2,400 | $7,000,000 | [56] | 2,400 | $5,900 | $14,000,000 |
Domino Man | Bally | 1983-01[84] | 2,000 | $4,000,000 | [124] | 2,000 | $5,600 | $11,000,000 |
Pengo | Sega | 1982-10[85] | — | — | 2,000+[80] | $6,600 | $13,000,000 | |
Blue Print | Zilec | 1982-11[86] | — | — | 2,000+[125] | $6,400 | $13,000,000 | |
Lazarian | Zaccaria | 1981 | — | — | 2,000+[121] | $6,200 | $12,000,000 | |
Mad Planets | Gottlieb | 1983-03[88] | 1,500 | $3,000,000 | [126] | 1,500 | $4,500 | $7,000,000 |
Arabian | Sun Denshi | 1983-05[56] | 1,950[67] | $4,000,000 | [56] | 1,950 | $3,400 | $6,600,000 |
Food Fight | Atari | 1983-03[56] | 1,000 | $2,000,000 | [56] | 1,000 | $4,500 | $4,500,000 |
Liberator | Atari | 1982-11[56] | — | — | 762[56] | $6,300 | $4,800,000 | |
Guzzler | Tehkan | 1983-04[79] | 922 | $553,007 | [79] | 922 | $3,900 | $3,600,000 |
Munch Mobile | SNK | 1983-03[79] | 651 | $390,358 | [79] | 651 | $4,400 | $2,900,000 |
Slither | GDI | 1982-08[89] | — | — | 500[127] | $6,600 | $3,300,000 | |
Quantum | Atari | 1982-11[56] | — | — | 500[56] | $6,200 | $3,100,000 | |
Aztarac | Centuri | 1983-09[79] | 211 | $422,888 | [79] | 211 | $3,600 | $760,000 |
Arcade video games | 350,000[10][4] | $2,900,000,000 | [5] | 1,491,359[14] | $5,400,000,000 | |||
Whac-A-Mole (Mogura Taiji) | TOGO | 1977 | — | — | 10,000+[128] | $4,900 | $49,000,000 | |
Skee-Ball | Skee-Ball | — | — | — | 10,000+[128] | $4,700 | $47,000,000 | |
Chexx | ICE | 1982-11[91] | — | — | 10,000+[128] | $4,700 | $47,000,000 | |
Mr. & Mrs. Pac-Man | Bally | 1982-04[92] | — | — | 10,600[92] | $3,700 | $39,000,000 | |
Mini Skee-Ball | Skee-Ball | 1970[93] | — | — | 2,500+[128] | $5,800 | $15,000,000 | |
High Ball | Norton | 1982-11[94] | — | — | 2,500+[108] | $5,500 | $14,000,000 | |
Boom Ball | Meltec | 1980[95] | — | — | 2,500+[128] | $4,700 | $12,000,000 | |
Electro-mechanical | 43,752 | 385,030 | $1,000,000,000 |
Coin drop[]
The following table lists the average coin drop earnings per arcade hardware unit.
Title | Release | Average weekly coin drop earnings per unit (est.)[129][130] | Annual | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/1 [121] |
1/15 [121] |
2/1 [116] |
2/15 [111] |
3/1 [120] |
3/15 [131] |
4/1 [132] |
4/15 [133] |
5/1 [133] |
5/15 [124][109] |
6/1 [124] |
6/15 [109] |
7/1 [128] |
Jul [108] |
Aug [108] |
Sep [108] |
Oct to Dec[130] | |||
Pole Position [129] | 1982-11[56] | $350 | $300 | $567 | $557 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $450 | $23,300 |
Ms. Pac-Man | 1982-02[134] | $197 | $183 | $185 | $187 | $160 | $135 | $150 | $140 | $130 | $135 | $140 | $140 | $130 | $140 | $135 | $130 | $130 | $7,500 |
Mr. Do! [102] | 1982-12 | $170 | $150 | $279 | $277 | $200 | $135 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $160 | $160 | $130 | $150 | $140 | $140 | $140 | $159 | $8,400 |
Dragon's Lair [129] | 1983-07[61] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $135 | $135 | $125 | $850 | $13,000 |
Bump 'n' Jump | 1982-12 | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $150 | $150 | $125 | $150 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,300 |
Donkey Kong | 1981-07[135] | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,200 |
Galaga | 1981-10[136] | $186 | $201 | $181 | $176 | $150 | $140 | $150 | $150 | $130 | $150 | $140 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $140 | $130 | $130 | $7,500 |
Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom | 1982-11 | $170 | $150 | $150 | $188 | $180 | $135 | $130 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $130 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,400 |
Jungle Hunt | 1982-08[137] | $214 | $228 | $214 | $204 | $135 | $140 | $140 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,700 |
Time Pilot | 1982-12[66] | $170 | $150 | $204 | $272 | $230 | $220 | $180 | $200 | $170 | $150 | $170 | $170 | $150 | $150 | $170 | $140 | $140 | $8,700 |
Bagman | 1983-02[67] | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $170 | $190 | $130 | $150 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,500 |
Nibbler | 1982-10 | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,200 |
Joust | 1982-10[138] | $242 | $240 | $235 | $236 | $200 | $170 | $170 | $160 | $130 | $140 | $125 | $140 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $7,300 |
Q*bert | 1982-10 | $170 | $267 | $253 | $231 | $190 | $170 | $170 | $170 | $140 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $140 | $150 | $135 | $130 | $130 | $8,200 |
Millipede | 1982-11 | $170 | $150 | $218 | $202 | $180 | $160 | $140 | $140 | $140 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $140 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,800 |
Popeye | 1982-11 | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $210 | $190 | $190 | $170 | $140 | $135 | $130 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,700 |
Super Pac-Man | 1982-11[67] | $170 | $150 | $249 | $205 | $170 | $135 | $170 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,700 |
Baby Pac-Man | 1982-10 | $170 | $150 | $270 | $224 | $190 | $160 | $170 | $170 | $130 | $160 | $140 | $150 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $7,000 |
BurgerTime | 1982-11 | $170 | $198 | $213 | $194 | $160 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,600 |
Pac-Man Plus | 1982-11[76] | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $140 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,300 |
Front Line | 1982-11 | $170 | $150 | $217 | $252 | $190 | $170 | $190 | $170 | $150 | $160 | $150 | $140 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $140 | $140 | $8,200 |
Star Trek | 1983-01 | — | — | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $180 | $160 | $150 | $150 | $180 | $180 | $160 | $160 | $7,500 |
SubRoc-3D | 1982-03[139] | $263 | $225 | $217 | $196 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,800 |
Gyruss | 1983-03[68] | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $180 | $200 | $180 | $180 | $6,600 |
Cliff Hanger [140] | 1983-09[73] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $800 | $11,000 |
Track & Field | 1983-10[79] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $70 | $910 |
Xevious | 1983-02[56] | — | — | — | — | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $170 | $170 | $150 | $150 | $160 | $140 | $140 | $150 | $150 | $6,500 |
Super Zaxxon | 1982-11[78] | $170 | $150 | $190 | $224 | $170 | $170 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,600 |
Mappy | 1983-04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $120 | $135 | $190 | $180 | $160 | $180 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $5,600 |
Donkey Kong Jr. | 1982-06[139] | $208 | $199 | $185 | $183 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,500 |
Donkey Kong 3 | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $70 | $910 |
Mario Bros. | 1983-03[81] | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $4,400 |
Zoo Keeper | 1983-03[80] | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $140 | $170 | $160 | $170 | $160 | $150 | $150 | $6,000 |
Pole Position II [129] | 1983-10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $450 | $5,900 |
Star Wars | 1983-05[56] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $3,400 |
Space Ace [140] | 1983-12[87] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $800 | $1,600 |
Monster Bash | 1982-11[82] | $170 | $150 | $150 | $206 | $190 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,400 |
Congo Bongo (Tip Top) | 1983-03 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $180 | $130 | $180 | $140 | $190 | $160 | $160 | $6,200 |
Super Rider | 1983-06[83] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $130 | $135 | $135 | $150 | $150 | $4,000 |
Domino Man | 1983-01[84] | — | — | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $130 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $5,600 |
Sinistar | 1983-02 | — | — | — | — | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $160 | $160 | $160 | $160 | $160 | $140 | $140 | $6,300 |
Dig Dug | 1982-04[56] | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $140 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,200 |
Arabian | 1983-05[56] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $3,400 |
Food Fight | 1983-03[56] | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $160 | $140 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $4,500 |
Mad Planets | 1983-03[88] | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $170 | $130 | $140 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $4,500 |
Guzzler | 1983-04[79] | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $3,900 |
Munch Mobile | 1983-03[79] | — | — | — | — | — | — | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $4,400 |
Robotron: 2084 | 1982-03[71] | $170 | $171 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,200 |
Tron | 1982-08[72] | $179 | $168 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,200 |
Turbo | 1982-01[138] | $170 | $164 | $183 | $150 | $140 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $124 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $140 | $140 | $7,300 |
Moon Patrol | 1982-08[138] | $215 | $214 | $206 | $216 | $170 | $150 | $150 | $140 | $130 | $135 | $140 | $130 | $131 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,900 |
Tutankham | 1982-07[141] | $192 | $180 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,300 |
Satan's Hollow | 1982-10 | $235 | $231 | $194 | $177 | $150 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,700 |
Naughty Boy | 1982-05[138] | $170 | $150 | $190 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,300 |
Tac/Scan | 1982-09[78] | $170 | $217 | $210 | $203 | $150 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,600 |
Pengo | 1982-10[142] | $213 | $222 | $213 | $172 | $150 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,600 |
Blue Print | 1982-11[138] | $188 | $189 | $186 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,400 |
Lazarian | 1981 | $170 | $159 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,200 |
Liberator | 1982-11[56] | $170 | $150 | $217 | $150 | $140 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,300 |
Quantum | 1982-11[56] | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $140 | $135 | $130 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,200 |
Slither | 1982-08[138] | $230 | $216 | $197 | $150 | $190 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $6,600 |
Video games | $170 | $150 | $150 | $150 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $120 | $135 | $125 | $130 | $130 | $135 | $135 | $125 | $70 | $3,600 | |
Mr. & Mrs. Pac-Man [121] | 1982-04[143] | $122 | $106 | $75 | $75 | $75 | $75 | $75 | $75 | $60 | $80 | $60 | $70 | $90 | $75 | $75 | $55 | $55 | $3,700 |
Whac-A-Mole [128] | 1977 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $72 | $89 | $95 | $95 | $4,900 |
Skee-Ball [128] | 1947[90] | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $99 | $71 | $80 | $100 | $100 | $4,700 |
Chexx [128] | 1982-11[91] | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $96 | $100 | $100 | $83 | $83 | $4,700 |
Boom Ball [128] | 1980[95] | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $113 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $4,700 |
Mini Skee-Ball [128] | 1970[93] | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $90 | $98 | $95 | $80 | $155 | $155 | $5,800 |
High Ball | 1982-11[94] | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $80 | $155 | $155 | $5,500 |
Best-selling home systems[]
Rank | System(s) | Manufacturer | Type | Generation | Sales | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Japan | Worldwide | ||||||
1 | Game & Watch | Nintendo | Handheld | 4-bit | 5,300,000[20] | 13,000,000 | [21][22] |
2 | Atari 2600 / Atari VCS | Atari, Inc. | Console | Gen 2 | — | 3,000,000 | [144] |
3 | Commodore 64 (C64) | Commodore | Computer | 8-bit | — | 2,000,000 | [145] |
4 | ColecoVision | Coleco | Console | Gen 2 | — | 1,500,000 | [146] |
5 | Famicom (NES) | Nintendo | Console | Gen 3 | 1,000,000+ | 1,000,000+ | [147][148] |
6 | Coleco Mini-Arcade | Coleco | Handheld | N/A | — | 1,000,000 | [149] |
7 | VIC-20 / CBM-II / MAX | Commodore | Computer | 8-bit | — | 1,000,000 | [150] |
8 | IBM PC | IBM | Computer | 8-bit / 16-bit | — | 850,000 | [151] |
9 | Intellivision | Mattel | Console | Gen 2 | — | 750,000 | [152] |
10 | Atari 8-bit | Atari, Inc. | Computer | 8-bit | — | 500,000 | [145] |
11 | IBM PC clones | Various | Computer | 8-bit / 16-bit | — | 450,000 | [145][150] |
— | Compaq Portable | Compaq | Computer | 8-bit / 16-bit | — | 53,000 | [153] |
12 | Apple II | Apple Inc. | Computer | 8-bit | — | 420,000 | [145] |
13 | NEC PC-88 / PC-98 | NEC | Computer | 8-bit / 16-bit | 360,000 | 360,000+ | [154][155] |
14 | MSX | ASCII | Computer | 8-bit | 300,000 | 300,000+ | [156] |
15 | TRS-80 | Tandy | Computer | 8-bit | — | 300,000 | [150][145] |
16 | Sega SG-1000 | Sega | Console | Gen 3 | 210,000 | 210,000+ | [157] |
17 | Coleco Adam | Coleco | Computer | 8-bit | — | 140,000 | [151] |
18 | Sharp X1 / MZ | Sharp | Computer | 8-bit | 120,000 | 120,000+ | [158][159] |
19 | Sega SC-3000 | Sega | Computer | 8-bit | — | 120,000 | [160] |
20 | Apple IIe | Apple Inc. | Computer | 8-bit | — | 110,000 | [150] |
21 | Tomy Tutor | Tomy / Matsushita | Computer | 16-bit | 30,000 | 30,000 | [161][162][163] |
22 | Apple Lisa | Apple Inc. | Computer | 16-bit | — | 15,000 | [150] |
Annual sales | |||||||
Video game consoles | Console | 1,210,000+ | 7,860,000+ | [13] | |||
Personal computers | Computer | 1,000,000+ | 5,000,000 | [150][145][159] |
Best-selling home video games[]
The following titles were the best-selling home video games worldwide in 1983. See sub-sections below for breakdown of sales and revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Platform | Company | Sales (est.) |
Gross revenue (est.) | Genre | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Inflation | |||||||
1 | Donkey Kong | Multi-platform | Nintendo | 9,813,000 | $270,000,000 | $830,000,000 | Platform | [22] |
2 | Donkey Kong Jr. | Multi-platform | Nintendo | 3,750,000 | $160,000,000 | $490,000,000 | ||
3 | Mario Bros. | Multi-platform | Nintendo | 3,440,000 | $120,000,000 | $370,000,000 | Platform | [164] |
4 | Ms. Pac-Man | Atari 2600 | Namco | 2,293,078 | $85,000,000 | $260,000,000 | Maze | [165] |
5 | Frogger | Multi-platform | Konami / Sega | 2,132,000 | $73,000,000 | $230,000,000 | Action | |
6 | Pitfall! | Consoles | Activision | 2,038,000 | $79,000,000 | $240,000,000 | Platform | |
7 | Pac-Man | Multi-platform | Namco | 2,031,569 | $65,000,000 | $200,000,000 | Maze | [165] |
8 | River Raid | Atari 2600 | Activision | 1,570,000 | $38,000,000 | $120,000,000 | Shmup | |
9 | Centipede | Atari 2600 | Atari | 1,509,240 | $38,000,000 | $120,000,000 | Shmup | |
10 | Zaxxon | Multi-platform | Sega | 1,250,000 | $44,000,000 | $130,000,000 | Shmup | |
11 | Lifeboat | Game & Watch | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $47,000,000 | $140,000,000 | Action | [21] |
12 | Mario's Cement Factory | Game & Watch | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $43,000,000 | $130,000,000 | Platform | |
13 | Enduro | Atari 2600 | Activision | 1,042,000 | $41,000,000 | $130,000,000 | Racing | |
14 | Mahjong | Famicom | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $60,000,000 | Mahjong | |
Baseball | Famicom | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $60,000,000 | Sports | ||
16 | Phoenix | Atari 2600 | Hiraoka/TPN[166] | 880,000 | $32,000,000 | $98,000,000 | Shmup | |
17 | Popeye | Multi-platform | Nintendo | 810,000 | $34,000,000 | $104,000,000 | Platform | |
18 | Q*bert | Consoles | Parker Bros. | 802,000 | $23,000,000 | $70,000,000 | Puzzle | |
19 | Pole Position | Atari 2600 | Namco | 745,000 | $28,000,000 | $86,000,000 | Racing | |
20 | Vanguard | Atari 2600 | Tose / SNK | 737,000 | $28,000,000 | $86,000,000 | Shmup | |
21 | BurgerTime | Multi-platform | Data East | 706,000 | $24,000,000 | $80,000,000 | Platformer | |
22 | Quest for Tires | Multi-platform | Sierra On-Line | 640,000 | $21,000,000 | $64,000,000 | Action | |
23 | Miner 2049er | ColecoVision | Micro Fun | 600,000 | $30,000,000 | $92,000,000 | Platformer | |
24 | Swords & Serpents | Intellivision | Imagic | 600,000 | $19,000,000 | $58,000,000 | Adventure | |
25 | War Room | ColecoVision | NAP | 600,000 | $19,000,000 | $58,000,000 | Strategy |
Console games[]
The following titles were the best-selling home console games worldwide in 1983. See sub-sections below for breakdown of sales and revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Platform | Company | Sales (est.) | Gross (est.) | Genre |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Donkey Kong | Famicom, ColecoVision, 2600 | Nintendo | 2,463,000 | $68,000,000 | Platformer |
2 | Mario Bros. | Famicom, Atari 2600 | Nintendo | 2,190,000 | $74,000,000 | |
3 | Frogger | Multi-platform | Konami, Sega | 2,082,000 | $71,000,000 | Action |
4 | Pitfall! | Atari 2600, Intellivision | Activision | 2,038,000 | $79,000,000 | Platformer |
5 | Ms. Pac-Man | Atari 2600 | Namco | 1,993,078 | $70,000,000 | Maze |
6 | Donkey Kong Jr. | ColecoVision, Atari 2600 | Nintendo | 1,700,000 | $55,000,000 | Platformer |
7 | River Raid | 2600, 5200, ColecoVision | Activision | 1,570,000 | $38,000,000 | Shmup |
8 | Centipede | Atari 2600 | Atari | 1,509,240 | $38,000,000 | |
9 | Pac-Man | Atari 2600, Atari 5200 | Namco | 1,104,569 | $37,000,000 | Maze |
10 | Enduro | Atari 2600 | Activision | 1,042,000 | $41,000,000 | Racing |
11 | Baseball | Famicom | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | Sports |
12 | Mahjong | Famicom | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | Mahjong |
13 | Zaxxon | Multi-platform | Sega, CBS | 908,000 | $27,000,000 | Shmup |
14 | Phoenix | Atari 2600 | TPN, Hiraoka | 880,000 | $32,000,000 | |
15 | Q*bert | ColecoVision, Atari 2600 | Parker Brothers | 802,000 | $23,000,000 | Puzzle |
16 | Pole Position | Atari 2600 | Namco | 745,000 | $28,000,000 | Racing |
17 | Vanguard | Atari 2600 | Tose, SNK | 737,000 | $28,000,000 | Shmup |
18 | BurgerTime | Intellivision, Atari VCS | Data East | 706,000 | $24,000,000 | Platformer |
19 | Keystone Kapers | Atari 2600 | Activision | 602,000 | $19,000,000 | |
20 | Robot Tank | Atari 2600 | Activision | 602,000 | $15,000,000 | Shmup |
Japan[]
In Japan, the following titles were the year's best-selling home console games, excluding dedicated handheld games. See tables below for breakdown of sales and revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Platform | Company | Sales (est.) |
Gross revenue (est.) | Genre | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Inflation | |||||||
1 | Mario Bros. | Famicom | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $64,000,000 | Platformer | [164] |
Mahjong | Famicom | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $64,000,000 | Mahjong | [167][147][168] | |
Baseball | Famicom | Nintendo | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $64,000,000 | Sports | [167][147][16] | |
4 | Donkey Kong | Famicom | Nintendo | 880,000 | $18,000,000 | $55,000,000 | Platformer | [167][169] |
United States[]
In the United States, the following titles were the year's best-selling home console games, excluding dedicated handheld games. See tables below for breakdown of sales and revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Platform | Company | Sales (est.) | Gross (est.) | Genre | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Pitfall! | Consoles | Activision | 2,000,000 | $78,000,000 | Platformer | [170][171][172] |
2 | Frogger | Consoles | Konami / Sega | 2,000,000 | $69,000,000 | Action | |
3 | Ms. Pac-Man | Atari 2600 | Namco | 1,963,078 | $69,000,000 | Maze | [173][170][165] |
4 | Donkey Kong Jr. | Consoles | Nintendo | 1,700,000 | $55,000,000 | Platformer | |
5 | Donkey Kong | Consoles | Nintendo | 1,500,000 | $48,000,000 | Platformer | |
6 | River Raid | Atari 2600 | Activision | 1,500,000 | $37,000,000 | Shmup | [170][174] |
7 | Centipede | Atari 2600 | Atari | 1,475,240 | $37,000,000 | Shmup | [170][173][175] |
8 | Mario Bros. | Atari 2600 | Nintendo | 1,190,000 | $53,000,000 | Platformer | [164][176][177] |
9 | Pac-Man | Consoles | Namco | 1,004,569 | $35,000,000 | Maze | |
10 | Enduro | Atari 2600 | Activision | 1,000,000 | $40,000,000 | Racing | [170][178] |
11 | Zaxxon | Consoles | Sega | 900,000 | $27,000,000 | Shmup | |
12 | Phoenix | Atari 2600 | TPN / Hiraoka | 800,000 | $30,000,000 | ||
13 | Q*bert | Consoles | Parker Bros. | 800,000 | $23,000,000 | Puzzle | |
14 | Pole Position | Atari 2600 | Namco | 700,000+ | $27,000,000 | Racing | [179][180] |
15 | Vanguard | Atari 2600 | Tose / SNK | 700,000+ | $27,000,000 | Shmup | [177] |
16 | BurgerTime | Intellivision | Data East | 700,000 | $24,000,000 | Platformer | [181][182][183] |
18 | Miner 2049er | ColecoVision | Micro Fun | 600,000+ | $30,000,000 | Platformer | [179][184] |
17 | Quest for Tires | Multi-platform | Sierra On-Line | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | Action | [179] |
Swords & Serpents | Intellivision | Imagic | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | Adventure | ||
20 | War Room | ColecoVision | NAP | 600,000 | $19,000,000 | Strategy | [179] |
The following titles were the best-selling game cartridges for home consoles in the United States during 1983. Points are calculated from rankings on video game sales charts.
Title | Company | Platform | Points[n 6][185] | Sales (est.)[n 7] | Gross (est.)[n 8] | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pitfall! | Activision | Consoles | 549 | 2,000,000 | $78,000,000 | [170][171][172] |
Atari 2600 | 193 | 600,000+ | $15,000,000 | |||
Frogger | Sega | Consoles | 547 | 2,000,000 | $69,000,000 | [170][186] |
Atari 2600 | 218 | 700,000+ | $17,000,000 | |||
Ms. Pac-Man | Namco | Atari 2600 | 550 | 1,963,078 | $69,000,000 | [173][170][165] |
Donkey Kong Jr. | Nintendo | Consoles | 296 | 1,700,000 | $55,000,000 | |
Atari 2600 | — | 900,000 | $29,000,000 | [170][187][178] | ||
ColecoVision | 257 | 800,000 | $26,000,000 | [170][178] | ||
River Raid | Activision | Consoles | 513 | 1,500,000 | $37,000,000 | [170][174] |
Atari 2600 | 310 | 900,000 | $25,000,000 | |||
Donkey Kong | Nintendo | Consoles | 348 | 1,500,000 | $48,000,000 | [170][188] |
ColecoVision | — | 1,000,000 | $35,000,000 | [189][190] | ||
Atari 2600 | 168 | 500,000 | $13,000,000 | |||
Centipede | Atari | Atari 2600 | 480 | 1,475,240 | $37,000,000 | [170][173][175] |
Mario Bros. | Nintendo | Atari 2600 | — | 1,190,000 | $53,000,000 | [164][176][177] |
Pac-Man | Namco | Consoles | 298 | 1,004,569 | $35,000,000 | [191] |
Atari 2600 | 151 | 684,569 | $24,000,000 | [173][191] | ||
Atari 5200 | — | 320,000 | $11,000,000 | [191] | ||
Enduro | Activision | Atari 2600 | 333 | 1,000,000 | $40,000,000 | [170][178] |
Zaxxon | Sega | Consoles | 300 | 900,000 | $27,000,000 | [192][191] |
ColecoVision | 93 | 300,000 | $9,000,000 | |||
Phoenix | TPN | Atari 2600 | 276 | 800,000 | $30,000,000 | [170][178] |
Q*bert | Parker | Consoles | 256 | 800,000 | $23,000,000 | |
ColecoVision | — | 600,000 | $19,000,000 | [179] | ||
Atari 2600 | 56 | 200,000 | $4,000,000 | |||
Pole Position | Namco | Atari 2600 | 228 | 700,000+ | $27,000,000 | [179][180] |
Vanguard | Tose / SNK | Atari 2600 | 237 | 700,000+ | $27,000,000 | [177] |
BurgerTime | Data East | Intellivision | 238 | 700,000 | $24,000,000 | [181][182][183] |
Swords & Serpents | Imagic | Intellivision | 53 | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | [179] |
War Room | NAP | ColecoVision | — | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | |
Quest for Tires | Sierra | ColecoVision | — | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | |
Looping | Coleco | ColecoVision | 49 | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | |
Time Pilot | Konami | ColecoVision | 40 | 600,000+ | $24,000,000 | [179][193] |
Super Action Baseball | Coleco | ColecoVision | — | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | [179] |
Nova Blast | Imagic | ColecoVision | — | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | |
Keystone Kapers | Activision | Atari 2600 | 234 | 600,000+ | $19,000,000 | |
Jungle Hunt | Taito | Atari 2600 | 216 | 600,000+ | $17,000,000 | |
Robot Tank | Activision | Atari 2600 | 191 | 600,000 | $15,000,000 | |
Night Driver | Atari | Atari 2600 | — | 580,959 | $16,000,000 | [173][191] |
Dragonfire | Imagic | Consoles | 159 | 500,000 | $13,000,000 | |
Atari 2600 | 96 | 300,000 | $8,000,000 | |||
Space Invaders | Taito | Atari 2600 | — | 435,353 | $14,000,000 | [194] |
Seaquest | Activision | Atari 2600 | 141 | 400,000 | $11,000,000 | |
Miner 2049er | Tiger | Atari 2600 | 139 | 400,000 | $11,000,000 | |
Decathlon | Activision | Atari 2600 | 137 | 400,000 | $11,000,000 | |
Spider Fighter | Activision | Atari 2600 | 136 | 400,000 | $11,000,000 | |
Kangaroo | Sun | Atari 2600 | 129 | 400,000 | $10,000,000 | |
Mr. Do! | Universal | ColecoVision | 129 | 400,000 | $10,000,000 | |
Demon Attack | Imagic | Consoles | 106 | 300,000 | $8,000,000 | |
Megamania | Activision | Atari 2600 | 100 | 300,000 | $8,000,000 | |
RealSports Baseball | Atari | Atari 2600 | 94 | 300,000 | $8,000,000 | |
Galaxian | Namco | Atari 2600 | 86 | 300,000 | $7,000,000 | |
Popeye | Nintendo | Atari 2600 | 84 | 300,000 | $7,000,000 | |
Berzerk | Atari | Atari 2600 | 84 | 300,000 | $7,000,000 | |
Oink | Activision | Atari 2600 | 69 | 200,000 | $6,000,000 | |
Dolphin | Activision | Atari 2600 | 66 | 200,000 | $5,000,000 | |
RealSports Football | Atari | Atari 2600 | 62 | 200,000 | $5,000,000 | |
Dig Dug | Namco | Atari 2600 | 57 | 200,000 | $5,000,000 | |
Gorf | Coleco | ColecoVision | 57 | 200,000 | $5,000,000 | |
Defender | Williams | Atari 2600 | 55 | 200,000 | $4,000,000 | |
Advanced D&D | Mattel | Intellivision | 53 | 200,000 | $4,000,000 | |
E.T. | Atari | Atari 2600 | 52 | 200,000 | $4,000,000 | |
Space Fury | Sega | ColecoVision | 42 | 100,000 | $3,000,000 | |
Battlezone | Atari | Atari 2600 | 41 | 100,000 | $3,000,000 | |
Death Star Battle | Parker | Atari 2600 | 37 | 100,000 | $3,000,000 | |
Raiders of Lost Ark | Atari | Atari 2600 | 35 | 100,000 | $3,000,000 | |
Lock 'n' Chase | Data East | Intellivision | 24 | 100,000 | $2,000,000 | |
Crackpots | Activision | Atari 2600 | 19 | 100,000 | $2,000,000 | |
Joust | Atari | Atari 2600 | 19 | 100,000 | $2,000,000 | |
Kaboom! | Activision | Atari 2600 | 19 | 100,000 | $2,000,000 | |
Space Dungeon | Taito | Atari 5200 | 19 | 100,000 | $2,000,000 | |
Jedi Arena | Parker | Atari 2600 | 18 | 100,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Smurf: Rescue | Coleco | Atari 2600 | 17 | 100,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Escape | Data Age | Atari 2600 | 15 | 50,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Mouse Trap | Coleco | ColecoVision | 15 | 50,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Empire Strikes Back | Parker | Atari 2600 | 14 | 40,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Tron: Deadly Discs | Mattel | Intellivision | 14 | 40,000 | $1,000,000 | |
EarthWorld | Atari | Atari 2600 | 13 | 40,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Space Shuttle | Activision | Atari 2600 | 13 | 40,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Venture | Coleco | Atari 2600 | 11 | 30,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Pepper II | Coleco | ColecoVision | 11 | 30,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Bowling | Atari | Atari 2600 | 8 | 20,000 | $1,000,000 | |
M*A*S*H | Fox | Atari 2600 | 8 | 20,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Plaque Attack | Activision | Atari 2600 | 8 | 20,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Strawberry Shortcake | Parker | Atari 2600 | 5 | 20,000 | $400,000 | |
Mission X | Mattel | Intellivision | 4 | 10,000 | $300,000 | |
Turbo | Sega | ColecoVision | 4 | 10,000 | $300,000 | |
Tutankham | Konami | Atari 2600 | 2 | 10,000 | $200,000 | [195] |
Space Panic | Universal | ColecoVision | 1 | 3,000 | $100,000 | [196] |
United Kingdom[]
In the United Kingdom, the following titles were the year's best-selling console game cartridges. Points are calculated from Computer & Video Games (CVG) chart rankings.[197]
Rank | Title | Platform | Company | Points [n 9][197] |
Sales (est.)[n 10] |
Gross revenue (est.)[n 11] | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Inflation | |||||||
1 | Pac-Man | Atari VCS | Namco | 55 | 100,000 | $2,000,000 | $6,000,000 | |
2 | Donkey Kong | Atari VCS | Nintendo | 52 | 83,000 | $2,000,000 | $6,000,000 | |
3 | Frogger | Atari VCS | Konami / Sega | 51 | 82,000 | $2,000,000 | $6,000,000 | |
4 | Phoenix | Atari VCS | TPN / Hiraoka | 50 | 80,000 | $2,000,000 | $6,000,000 | |
5 | River Raid | Atari VCS | Activision | 44 | 70,000 | $1,000,000 | $3,000,000 | |
6 | Defender | Atari VCS | Atari | 35 | 56,000 | $1,000,000 | $3,000,000 | |
7 | Space Invaders | Atari VCS | Taito | 31 | 50,000 | $1,000,000 | $3,000,000 | |
8 | Demon Attack | Atari VCS | Imagic | 30 | 48,000 | $1,000,000 | $3,000,000 | |
9 | Pole Position | Atari VCS | Namco | 28 | 45,000 | $1,000,000 | $3,000,000 | |
10 | Enduro | Atari VCS | Activision | 26 | 42,000 | $800,000 | $2,000,000 | |
11 | Battlezone | Atari VCS | Atari | 25 | 40,000 | $800,000 | $2,000,000 | |
12 | Pitfall! | Atari VCS | Activision | 24 | 38,000 | $700,000 | $2,000,000 | |
13 | Vanguard | Atari VCS | Tose / SNK | 23 | 37,000 | $700,000 | $2,000,000 | |
14 | Centipede | Atari VCS | Atari | 21 | 34,000 | $600,000 | $2,000,000 | |
15 | Ms. Pac-Man | Atari VCS | Namco | 17 | 30,000 | $500,000 | $2,000,000 | |
16 | Starmaster | Atari VCS | Activision | 14 | 22,000 | $400,000 | $1,200,000 | |
17 | Galaxian | Atari VCS | Namco | 12 | 20,000 | $400,000 | $1,200,000 | |
18 | Tutankham | Atari VCS | Konami | 11 | 18,000 | $300,000 | $1,000,000 | |
19 | Dig Dug | Atari VCS | Namco | 9 | 14,000 | $300,000 | $1,000,000 | |
20 | Empire Strikes Back | Atari VCS | Parker Bros. | 8 | 13,000 | $240,000 | $1,000,000 | |
21 | Super Cobra | Atari VCS | Konami | 7 | 11,000 | $210,000 | $1,000,000 | |
22 | Popeye | Atari VCS | Nintendo | 6 | 10,000 | $200,000 | $1,000,000 | |
Star Raiders | Atari VCS | Atari | 6 | 10,000 | $200,000 | $1,000,000 | ||
24 | Zaxxon | Atari VCS | CBS | 5 | 8,000 | $200,000 | $1,000,000 | |
25 | BurgerTime | Atari VCS | Data East | 4 | 6,000 | $120,000 | $400,000 | |
26 | Berzerk | Atari VCS | Atari | 3 | 5,000 | $90,000 | $300,000 | |
27 | Gorf | Atari VCS | CBS | 2 | 3,000 | $60,000 | $200,000 | |
Tron: Deadly Discs | Intellivision | Mattel | 2 | 3,000 | $60,000 | $200,000 | ||
29 | B-17 Bomber | Intellivision | Mattel | 1 | 2,000 | $30,000 | $100,000 | |
Keystone Kapers | Atari VCS | Activision | 1 | 2,000 | $30,000 | $100,000 | ||
Q*bert | Atari VCS | Parker Bros. | 1 | 2,000 | $30,000 | $100,000 | ||
Robot Tank | Atari VCS | Activision | 1 | 2,000 | $30,000 | $100,000 | ||
Annual | 605 | 1,000,000 | $21,000,000 | $64,000,000 | [9][17] |
Computer games[]
Japan[]
The following titles were the year's best-selling home computer game software in Japan.
No. | Title | Platform | Company | Points [n 12][198] |
Sales (est.)[n 13] |
Price [198][n 14] |
Revenue (est.)[n 15] |
Genre | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sōko-ban / Sokoban [199][200] | Computers | Thinking | — | 300,000 | ¥3,400 | $4,000,000 | Puzzle | |
2 | Door Door [201][198] | Computers | Enix | 56 | 160,000 | ¥3,800 | $4,000,000 | Platform | |
3 | Shiri Mahjong | Computers | Tsukumo | 55 | 160,000 | ¥3,800 | $4,000,000 | Mahjong | |
4 | AX-7 | PC-6001 | ASCII | 49 | 150,000 | ¥2,800 | $3,000,000 | Action | |
5 | 3D Golf Simulation | Computers | T&E Soft | 38 | 150,000 | ¥4,000 | $3,000,000 | Sports | |
6 | Cosmo Cross | Computers | Xtal Soft | 37 | 150,000 | ¥4,800 | $3,000,000 | FPS | |
7 | Moritan no Battle Field | PC-8801 | Enix | 34 | 100,000 | ¥4,800 | $2,000,000 | Strategy | |
8 | AZ-1 (Flight Simulator) | PC-8801 | ASCII | 30 | 100,000 | ¥2,800 | $2,000,000 | Flight | |
9 | Genma Taisen | Computers | Ponican | 29 | 100,000 | ¥3,300 | $2,000,000 | RPG | |
10 | Alphos | Computers | Enix | 20 | 50,000 | ¥5,800 | $1,000,000 | Shmup | |
11 | Star Arthur: Planet Mephius | FM-7 | T&E Soft | 16 | 50,000 | ¥5,800 | $1,000,000 | VN / ADV | |
12 | AX-6 (Head On) | PC-6001 | Sega | 14 | 50,000 | ¥2,800 | $1,000,000 | Driving | |
13 | Mach 3 Flight Simulator | PC-9801 | SoftBank | 13 | 50,000 | ¥7,300 | $1,000,000 | Flight | |
14 | FM-8 Program Library No.1 | FM-8 | ASCII | 12 | 50,000 | ¥3,800 | $1,000,000 | Action | |
15 | Tantei Monogatari: Part 1 | Computers | Filcom | 12 | 50,000 | ¥4,200 | $1,000,000 | VN / ADV | |
16 | Mari-chan Kiki Ippatsu | FM-7/8 | Enix | 11 | 50,000 | ¥3,600 | $1,000,000 | Eroge | |
17 | Pac-Man | Computers | Namco | 10 | 50,000 | ¥3,500 | $1,000,000 | Maze | |
18 | Portopia Renzoku Satsujin Jiken | Computers | Enix | 8 | 50,000 | ¥3,600 | $1,000,000 | VN / ADV | [202] |
19 | Golf Island | Computers | Technosoft | 7 | 30,000 | ¥4,000 | $500,000 | Sports | |
20 | Nankyoku Monogatari | Computers | Ponican | 6 | 20,000 | ¥2,800 | $400,000 | Survival | |
21 | Pro Yakyū Super Simulation | Computers | JDS | 5 | 20,000 | ¥3,500 | $400,000 | Sports | |
22 | Lode Runner | Apple II | Broderbund | 4 | 20,000 | ¥11,000 | $300,000 | Platform | |
23 | Jansō | PC-9801 | Fuji Onkyo | 3 | 10,000 | ¥5,400 | $200,000 | Mahjong | |
24 | Mystery House | NEC, FM7 | Star Craft | — | 10,000 | — | $200,000 | ADV | [203] |
25 | Wizard and the Princess | Computers | Star Craft | 2 | 10,000 | ¥12,300 | $100,000 | ADV | |
26 | Holy Sword | Computers | Xtal Soft | 1 | 10,000 | ¥4,200 | $100,000 | ||
Annual | 472 | 2,000,000 | ¥4,700 | $40,000,000 | [23] |
United States[]
The following titles were the year's best-selling home computer games in the United States. See tables above and below for breakdown of sales and revenue estimates.
Rank | Title | Platform | Company | Sales (est.) |
Gross (est.)[n 16] [204][205][206] |
Genre | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Pac-Man | Computers | Namco | 870,000 | $26,000,000 | Maze | [207][96][165] |
2 | Donkey Kong | Computers | Nintendo | 600,000 | $30,000,000 | Platformer | [179][173] |
3 | Lode Runner | Computers | Broderbund | 200,000 | $6,000,000 | Platformer | [208][209] |
4 | Temple of Apshai | Computers | Epyx | 100,000 | $4,000,000 | RPG | [210][211] |
5 | Zork I | Computers | Infocom | 96,148 | $4,000,000 | Adventure | [212][213][214] |
6 | MasterType | Apple II | Lightning | 70,000 | $2,000,000 | Education | |
7 | Deadline | Computers | Infocom | 61,612 | $3,000,000 | Adventure | [213][214] |
8 | Zork II | Computers | Infocom | 60,612 | $2,000,000 | Adventure | [213][214] |
9 | Choplifter | Computers | Broderbund | 60,000+ | $2,000,000 | Shmup | [212][215] |
10 | Blue Max | Computers | Synapse | 60,000+ | $2,000,000 | ||
11 | Zaxxon | Computers | Sega | 60,000+ | $2,000,000 | ||
12 | Wizardry | Apple II | Sir-Tech | 60,000 | $2,000,000 | RPG | |
13 | Miner 2049er | Apple II | Micro Fun | 60,000 | $2,000,000 | Platformer | |
14 | Suspended | Computers | Infocom | 55,547 | $2,000,000 | Adventure | [213][214] |
15 | Frogger | Computers | Konami / Sega | 50,000 | $2,000,000 | Action | [212][215] |
16 | Zork III | Computers | Infocom | 49,775 | $2,000,000 | Adventure | [213][214] |
17 | Starcross | Computers | Infocom | 42,870 | $2,000,000 | ||
Jumpman | Computers | Epyx | 40,000 | $2,000,000 | Platformer | [216][217] | |
19 | Quest for Tires | Computers | Sierra On-Line | 40,000 | $2,000,000 | Action | [151][204] |
20 | Wizardry III: Legacy of Llylgamyn | Apple II | Sir-Tech | 30,000 | $1,000,000 | RPG | [212][215] |
21 | Fort Apocalypse | Computers | Synapse | 30,000 | $1,000,000 | Shmup | |
22 | Exodus: Ultima III | Computers | Origin Systems | 30,000 | $1,000,000 | RPG | |
23 | Ultima II | Apple II | Sierra On-Line | 20,000 | $600,000 | RPG | |
24 | Wizardry II: Knight of Diamonds | Apple II | Sir-Tech | 20,000 | $600,000 | ||
25 | Early Games for Young Children | Apple II | Early Game | 20,000 | $600,000 | Education |
The following titles were the year's best-selling computer games for the Apple II.[218]
Rank | Title | Developer | Points [218] |
Sales (est.) [n 17][219][220] |
Gross (est.) [n 16][205][206] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | MasterType | Lightning Software | 670.15 | 70,000 | $2,000,000 |
2 | Wizardry | Sir-Tech | 605.78 | 60,000 | $2,000,000 |
3 | Choplifter | Broderbund | 599.37 | 60,000 | $2,000,000 |
4 | Miner 2049er | Micro Fun | 551.64 | 60,000 | $2,000,000 |
5 | Zaxxon | Sega | 446.49 | 40,000 | $1,000,000 |
6 | Lode Runner | Broderbund | 436.75 | 40,000 | $1,000,000 |
7 | Wizardry III: Legacy of Llylgamyn | Sir-Tech | 258.89 | 30,000 | $900,000 |
8 | Zork | Infocom | 229.98 | 20,000 | $600,000 |
9 | Ultima II | Sierra On-Line | 227.79 | 20,000 | $600,000 |
10 | Frogger | Konami / Sega | 218.56 | 20,000 | $600,000 |
11 | Exodus: Ultima III | Origin Systems | 206.11 | 20,000 | $600,000 |
12 | Wizardry II: Knight of Diamonds | Sir-Tech | 174.76 | 20,000 | $600,000 |
13 | Early Games for Young Children | Early Game | 159.39 | 20,000 | $600,000 |
14 | Castle Wolfenstein | MUSE | 156.47 | 20,000 | $600,000 |
15 | Aztec | DataMost | 148.87 | 10,000 | $300,000 |
16 | Pinball Construction Set | BudgeCo | 139.02 | 10,000 | $300,000 |
17 | DOS Boss | Beagle Brothers | 122.05 | 10,000 | $300,000 |
18 | Hard Hat Mack | Electronic Arts | 86.7 | 9,000 | $300,000 |
19 | Apple Mechanic | Beagle Brothers | 78.41 | 8,000 | $200,000 |
20 | Facemaker | Spinnaker Software | 71.44 | 7,000 | $200,000 |
21 | Flight Simulator | SubLogic | 69.59 | 7,000 | $200,000 |
22 | The Arcade Machine | Broderbund Software | 63.91 | 6,000 | $200,000 |
23 | Mix & Match | Apple Computer | 59.57 | 6,000 | $200,000 |
24 | The Mask of the Sun | Ultrasoft | 56.89 | 6,000 | $200,000 |
25 | Zork II | Infocom | 41.75 | 4,000 | $100,000 |
26 | Snooper Troops I | Spinnaker Software | 40.3 | 4,000 | $100,000 |
27 | Suspended | Infocom | 36.55 | 4,000 | $100,000 |
28 | Flight Simulator II | SubLogic | 35.91 | 4,000 | $100,000 |
29 | Deadline | Infocom | 33.56 | 3,000 | $90,000 |
30 | Ernie's Quiz | Apple Computer | 31.95 | 3,000 | $90,000 |
31 | The Quest | Penguin Software | 28.74 | 3,000 | $90,000 |
32 | Zork III | Infocom | 27.5 | 3,000 | $90,000 |
33 | Sargon III | Hayden Software | 26.92 | 3,000 | $90,000 |
34 | Crisis Moutain | Synergistic | 22.08 | 2,000 | $60,000 |
35 | Snack Attack (Pac-Man) | Namco / DataMost | 21.61 | 2,000 | $60,000 |
36 | Rocky's Boots | Learning Company | 17.94 | 2,000 | $60,000 |
37 | Dark Crystal | Sierra On-Line | 16.67 | 2,000 | $60,000 |
38 | Most Amazing Thing | Spinnaker | 15.62 | 2,000 | $60,000 |
39 | Stickybear ABC | Xerox Education | 15.11 | 2,000 | $60,000 |
40 | Story Machine | Spinnaker Software | 14.56 | 1,000 | $30,000 |
41 | Arcademic Skill Builders in Math | DLM | 14.16 | 1,000 | $30,000 |
42 | Apple Mechanic Typefaces | Beagle Brothers | 13.17 | 1,000 | $30,000 |
Handheld games[]
Rank | Title | Sales (est.) |
Gross revenue (est.) | Genre | Series | Company | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Inflation | |||||||
1 | Donkey Kong | 6,750,000 | $170,000,000 | $520,000,000 | Platformer | Game & Watch | Nintendo | [22] |
2 | Donkey Kong Jr. | 2,050,000 | $100,000,000 | $310,000,000 | Platformer | — | Nintendo | |
— | Donkey Kong Jr. | 1,750,000 | $86,000,000 | $260,000,000 | Platformer | Game & Watch | Nintendo | [21] |
300,000 | $15,000,000 | $40,000,000 | Platformer | Coleco Mini-Arcade | Coleco | [149] | ||
3 | Mario Bros. | 1,250,000 | $59,000,000 | $180,000,000 | Platformer | Game & Watch | Nintendo | [21] |
4 | Lifeboat | 1,000,000 | $47,000,000 | $140,000,000 | Action | Game & Watch | Nintendo | [21] |
5 | Mario's Cement Factory | 1,000,000 | $43,000,000 | $130,000,000 | Platformer | |||
6 | Popeye | 500,000 | $27,000,000 | $83,000,000 | Action | Game & Watch | Nintendo | [21] |
Snoopy | 500,000 | $27,000,000 | $83,000,000 | |||||
8 | Ms. Pac-Man | 300,000 | $15,000,000 | $40,000,000 | Maze | Coleco Mini-Arcade | Namco | [149] |
Zaxxon | 300,000 | $15,000,000 | $40,000,000 | Shmup | Coleco Mini-Arcade | Sega | ||
10 | Mario's Bombs Away | 250,000 | $12,000,000 | $37,000,000 | Action | Game & Watch | Nintendo | [21] |
11 | Rain Shower | 250,000 | $12,000,000 | $37,000,000 | ||||
Pinball | 250,000 | $12,000,000 | $37,000,000 | Pinball | ||||
13 | Manhole | 250,000 | $9,400,000 | $29,000,000 | Action |
Notes[]
- ↑ See Computer games section
- ↑ Average 100 units per point (est.)
- 110 points equivalent to 25,000 units (Champion Baseball)
- 108 points equivalent to 10,000 units (Astron Belt)
- ↑ 2,884 points (excluding Champion Baseball) equivalent to $1.9 billion = $650,000 per point (est.)
- ↑ Average price: $3500
- ↑ Annual gross = units X earnings per unit
- ↑ Points calculated from rankings on Billboard video game sales charts from 1983-01-08 to 1984-01-07.
- Rank #1 = 25 points
- Rank #15 = 11 points
- Rank #25 = 1 point
- ↑ 480 points equivalent to 1,475,240 units (Centipede for Atari 2600)[173] = 3,000 units per point (est.)
- ↑ 480 points equivalent to $37 million (Centipede for Atari 2600) = $80,000 per point (est.)
- ↑ Points calculated from sales chart rankings published in Computer & Video Games (CVG) magazine from April 1983 to February 1984 issues.
- Rank #1 = 10 points
- Rank #10 = 1 point
- ↑ 605 points equivalent to 1 million units = 1,600 units per point (est.)
- ↑ 605 points equivalent to $21 million = $30,000 per point (est.)
- ↑ Points based on monthly Softlog chart rankings from LOGiN magazine during 1983 (July, September and November issues).
- Rank #1 = 20 points
- Rank #10 = 11 points
- Rank #20 = 1 point
- ↑ Average price: ¥4,700 ($20)
- ↑ Exchange rate: ¥231 per US$
- ↑ 472 points equivalent to $36 million (excluding Sokoban) = $70,000 per point (est.)
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Average price: $30
- ↑ 100 unit sales per point (est.)
- 45.88 points equivalent to 5,000 units (Horizon V in 1982)
- 1,744.36 points equivalent to 190,000 units (Wizardry up until 1984)
References[]
- ↑ Liedholm, Marcus and Mattias. "The Famicom rules the world! – (1983–89)". Nintendo Land. Archived from the original on January 1, 2010. Retrieved February 14, 2006.
- ↑ "Computer Software / Video Games '83" (PDF). Billboard. 1983-12-24. p. TA-36.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "State of the Industry" (PDF). Play Meter. Vol. 10, no. 20. 1 November 1984. pp. 32–47.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Steve L. Kent (2001), The ultimate history of video games: from Pong to Pokémon and beyond : the story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world, Prima, p. 352, ISBN 0-7615-3643-4, "In 1982, Universal Sales made arcade history with a game called Mr Do! Instead of selling dedicated Mr Do! machines, Universal sold the game as a kit. The kit came with a customized control panel, a computer board with Mr Do! read-only memory (ROM) chips, stickers that could be placed on the side of stand-up arcade machines for art, and a plastic marquee. It was the first game ever sold as a conversion only. According to former Universal Sales western regional sales manager Joe Morici, the company sold approximately 30,000 copies of the game in the United States alone."
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Chronology of Video Game Systems: 1983
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Aoyama, Masaharu (September 1997). "Structural Changes in the Home Market for Video Games". NLI Research Institute. Japan. Retrieved 2024-01-02.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Currency conversion
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Meades, Alan (2022-10-25). "SegaWorld, Street Fighter II, and Exporting Games to Japan" (PDF). Arcade Britannia: A Social History of the British Amusement Arcade. The MIT Press. pp. 203-231 (214-6). ISBN 978-0-262-37234-3.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 "Market size and market shares". Video Games: A Report on the Supply of Video Games in the UK. United Kingdom: Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC), H.M. Stationery Office. April 1995. pp. 66 to 68. ISBN 978-0-10-127812-6.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Video Game Myth Busters - Did the "Crash" of 1983/84 Affect Arcades?, The Golden Age Arcade Historian (December 27, 2013)
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Watkins, Ralph (1984). A Competitive Assessment of the U.S. Video Game Industry: Report on Investigation No. 332-160 Under Section 332(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930. U.S. International Trade Commission. pp. 48–9.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Apathy crushes video game industry". Army Host. Vol. 10, no. 4. Club Management Directorate, The Adjutant General Center. 1983. p. 6.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Third generation of video games
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Video Game Sales: 1972-1999". Gaming Alexandria. June 7, 2021.
- ↑ Ikuine, Fumihiko (2022-01-21). The Efficiency and Creativity of Product Development: Lessons from the Game Software Industry in Japan. Springer Nature. p. 59. ISBN 978-981-16-7743-4.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 https://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=374&redirect=no
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 "Book of Reviews". Computer & Video Games. No. 17 (published 1983-02-16). March 1983.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "昔(1970年代)のテレビゲームは何台売れた? (How many old (1970s) video games sold?)". Classic Videogame Station Odyssey (CVS Odyssey) (in Japanese). 2014-01-09. Archived from the original on 2014-01-09. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
{{cite web}}
: More than one of|archivedate=
and|archive-date=
specified (help); More than one of|archiveurl=
and|archive-url=
specified (help) - ↑ "The Home Video-Game Industry (1983-1996) - Competitive Strategy Revolving around Industry Standards" (PDF). gbrc.jp. p. 43.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Fujii, Daiji (2005-06-10). "The Birth of "Final Fantasy": Square Corporation". 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 (Okayama Economic Review) (Okayama University) 37 (1): 63–88 (67–71). ISSN 0386-3069. http://ousar.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/40488.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 Game & Watch
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Donkey Kong
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Koyama, Yusuke (2023-06-02). History of the Japanese Video Game Industry. Springer Nature. p. 84. ISBN 978-981-99-1342-8.
- ↑ "Racing Games Roundup: Facts". Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition. Little Brown Books. 2008. p. 154. ISBN 9781904994213.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Public Catalog". United States Copyright Office.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 "Media Arts Database". Agency for Cultural Affairs (in Japanese).
- ↑ 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982
- ↑ "#1 Game In Japan: Sega Electronics To Bring 'Champion Baseball' Vid to U.S." (PDF). Cash Box. June 16, 1983. pp. 33–4.
- ↑ "Japan's Latest Coin-Op Set To Hit North America". Electronic Games. Vol. 2, no. 22. December 1983. p. 12.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 1982
- ↑ "Overseas Readers Column: Sega's Astron Belt Will Be Shipped Soon" (PDF). Game Machine. No. 211. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 May 1983. p. 30.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 https://mediaarts-db.bunka.go.jp/id/M733428
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 ""Pole Position" No. 1 Video Game: Game Machine's "The Year's Best Three AM Machines" Survey Results" (PDF). Game Machine. No. 207. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 March 1983. p. 30.
- ↑ 34.0 34.1 https://mediaarts-db.bunka.go.jp/id/M730146
- ↑ RePlay. January 1984.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 https://www.arcade-museum.com/game_detail.php?game_id=19148
- ↑ Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971–1982. CRC Press. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 213. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 June 1983. p. 29.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 214. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 June 1983. p. 27.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 215. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 July 1983. pp. 29–30.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 216. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 July 1983. p. 37.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25". Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 217. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 August 1983. p. 29.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 218. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 August 1983. p. 27.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 219. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 September 1983. p. 29.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 220. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 September 1983. p. 29.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 221. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 October 1983. p. 29.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 222. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 October 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 223. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 November 1983. p. 33.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 224. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 November 1983. p. 29.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 225. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 December 1983. p. 33.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 226. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 December 1983. p. 33.
- ↑ "Best Hit Games 25" (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 227. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 January 1984. p. 37.
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 "Top Hits of Last 5 Years". RePlay. March 1987.
- ↑ 54.00 54.01 54.02 54.03 54.04 54.05 54.06 54.07 54.08 54.09 54.10 54.11 54.12 54.13 54.14 54.15 54.16 54.17 54.18 54.19 54.20 54.21 "AMOA Votes On Annual Game Awards". Cash Box. October 29, 1983. p. 60.
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 "Around The Route". Cash Box. Cash Box Pub. Co. 26 November 1983. p. 32.
- ↑ 56.00 56.01 56.02 56.03 56.04 56.05 56.06 56.07 56.08 56.09 56.10 56.11 56.12 56.13 56.14 56.15 56.16 56.17 56.18 56.19 56.20 56.21 56.22 56.23 56.24 56.25 56.26 56.27 56.28 56.29 56.30 56.31 56.32 56.33 56.34 Product: Total Build (PDF). Atari Games. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 10, 2013. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 57.3 57.4 57.5 "Cash Box Jukebox/Games Survey". Cash Box. Cash Box Pub. Co. October 29, 1983. p. 46.
- ↑ 58.0 58.1 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1982/CB-1982-06-26.pdf#page=37
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 59.2 59.3 Adlum, Eddie (November 1985). "The Replay Years: Reflections from Eddie Adlum" (PDF). RePlay. Vol. 11, no. 2. pp. 134-175 (168-70).
- ↑ 60.0 60.1 "1983". Play Meter. Vol. 20, no. 13. December 1994. p. 70.
- ↑ 61.0 61.1 61.2 "Manufacturers Equipment" (PDF). Cash Box. February 2, 1985. p. 42.
- ↑ 62.0 62.1 Kent, Steven L. (2002). The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story Behind the Craze that Touched our Lives and Changed the World. New York: Random House International. p. 211. ISBN 978-0-7615-3643-7. OCLC 59416169.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ 63.0 63.1 Galaga Parts and Operating Manual. Midway. October 1981. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- ↑ 64.0 64.1 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. United States. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ 65.0 65.1 Fujihara, Mary (25 July 1983). "Inter Office Memo". Atari. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06.
- ↑ 66.0 66.1 66.2 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1983/CB-1983-10-29.pdf#page=70
- ↑ 67.0 67.1 67.2 67.3 67.4 67.5 67.6 67.7 Fujihara, Mary (July 25, 1983). "Inter Office Memo: Coin-Op Product Sales" (PDF). Atari, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ↑ 68.0 68.1 68.2 Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005) (in Japanese). Japan: Amusement News Agency. pp. 27, 113, 121. ISBN 978-4990251215.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - ↑ 69.0 69.1 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. Cash Box Pub. Co. 16 January 1982. p. 37.
- ↑ 70.0 70.1 "Donkey kong junior. (Registration Number PA0000146003)". United States Copyright Office. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- ↑ 71.0 71.1 71.2 Fujihara, Mary (July 25, 1983). "Inter Office Memo: Coin-Op Product Sales" (PDF). Atari, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 72.2 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. United States. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ 73.0 73.1 73.2 "Manufacturers Equipment" (PDF). Cash Box. November 26, 1983. p. 34.
- ↑ 74.0 74.1 74.2 74.3 74.4 74.5 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. United States. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ 75.0 75.1 "SubRoc-3D". United States Copyright Office. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
- ↑ 76.0 76.1 76.2 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1982/CB-1982-12-04.pdf#page=36
- ↑ 77.0 77.1 "Overseas Readers Column - Konami And Stern Pact On "Tutankham" Video" (PDF). Game Machine. No. 194. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 August 1982. p. 26.
- ↑ 78.0 78.1 78.2 78.3 78.4 78.5 Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005) [Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition (1971-2005)] (in Japanese). Japan: Amusement News Agency. pp. 130–1. ISBN 978-4990251215.
- ↑ 79.00 79.01 79.02 79.03 79.04 79.05 79.06 79.07 79.08 79.09 79.10 79.11 79.12 79.13 79.14 79.15 "Centuri/Allied Leisure Annual Report Goodies - Part 1: Release Dates and Production Numbers". The Golden Age Arcade Historian. August 30, 2013. Retrieved 2023-12-06.
- ↑ 80.0 80.1 80.2 80.3 80.4 80.5 80.6 80.7 80.8 Fujihara, Mary (1983-11-02). "Inter Office Memo". Atari. Archived from the original on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
- ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 "Overseas Readers Column" (PDF). Game Machine. No. 216. Amusement Press, Inc. July 15, 1983. p. 38.
- ↑ 82.0 82.1 82.2 https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=monster-bash&page=detail&id=1661
- ↑ 83.0 83.1 83.2 https://archive.org/details/ArcadeGameList1971-2005/page/n139/mode/2up
- ↑ 84.0 84.1 84.2 https://archive.org/details/ArcadeGameList1971-2005/page/n125/mode/2up
- ↑ 85.0 85.1 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. Cash Box Pub. Co. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ 86.0 86.1 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. United States. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ 87.0 87.1 87.2 "Space Ace (Registration Number PA0000234328)". United States Copyright Office. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ↑ 88.0 88.1 88.2 https://archive.org/details/ArcadeGameList1971-2005/page/n119/mode/2up
- ↑ 89.0 89.1 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. United States. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ 90.0 90.1 https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=skee-ball&page=detail&id=33903
- ↑ 91.0 91.1 91.2 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1982/CB-1982-11-20.pdf#page=42
- ↑ 92.0 92.1 92.2 https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=1639
- ↑ 93.0 93.1 93.2 https://books.google.com/books?id=nSkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA56
- ↑ 94.0 94.1 94.2 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1982/CB-1982-11-20.pdf#page=44
- ↑ 95.0 95.1 95.2 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1980/CB-1980-05-24.pdf#page=26
- ↑ 96.0 96.1 1981 and 1982
- ↑ 97.0 97.1 97.2 Smith, Keith (2013-12-27). "Video Game Myth Busters: Did the "Crash" of 1983/84 Affect Arcades?". The Golden Age Arcade Historian. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=DEZhAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA38&article_id=1988,2739623
- ↑ Defanti, Thomas A. (1984), Yovits, Marshall C., ed., "The Mass Impact of Videogame Technology", Advances in Computers (Elsevier) 23: pp. 93–140 (117), https://www.vasulka.org/archive/Writings/VideogameImpact.pdf#page=25, retrieved 2023-12-22
- ↑ "Bally Will Quit Making Pinball, Video Machines". Toledo Blade. July 11, 1988. p. 22. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
- ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1982/CB-1982-12-18.pdf#page=31
- ↑ 102.0 102.1 102.2 Horowitz, Ken (2020-08-20). Beyond Donkey Kong: A History of Nintendo Arcade Games. McFarland. p. 118. ISBN 978-1-4766-8420-8.
- ↑ Steve L. Kent (2001), The ultimate history of video games: from Pong to Pokémon and beyond : the story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world, Prima, p. 225, ISBN 0-7615-3643-4, "Cinematronics sold more than 16,000 Dragon's Lair machines in 1983, for an average price of $4300. Coleco purchased the home rights to the game, giving Cinematronics an additional $2 million."
- ↑ "Video File". Los Angeles Times. February 21, 1984. p. 63. Retrieved March 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ Kent, Steven (2001). "The Fall". Ultimate History of Video Games. Three Rivers Press. pp. 222–224. ISBN 0-7615-3643-4.
- ↑ Digital Eclipse (2003-11-18). Midway Arcade Treasures (PlayStation 2). Midway Games. Level/area: The Inside Story On Joust.
- ↑ Fujihara, Mary (1983-07-25). "Inter Office Memo". Atari. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
- ↑ 108.0 108.1 108.2 108.3 108.4 108.5 108.6 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll" (PDF). Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 16. September 1, 1983. p. 16.
- ↑ 109.0 109.1 109.2 109.3 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 11. June 15, 1983. p. 24.
- ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1983/CB-1983-06-18.pdf#page=32
- ↑ 111.0 111.1 111.2 111.3 111.4 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 3. Feburary 15, 1983. p. 16.
{{cite magazine}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ↑ 112.0 112.1 Steven L. Kent (2001), The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story behind the Craze that Touched Our Lives and Changed the World, Prima, p. 352, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=C2MH05ogU9oC, retrieved 2011-04-09, "With more than 60,000 units sold in the United States, Donkey Kong was Nintendo's biggest arcade hit. The arcade industry began its long collapse the year after Donkey Kong was released, and Nintendo's arcade fortunes eroded quickly. Nintendo released Donkey Kong Junior in 1982 and sold only 30,000 machines, 20,000 Popeye machines (also 1982), and a mere 5000 copies of Donkey Kong 3 (1983)."
- ↑ Ressner, Jeffrey (20 November 1982). "Stan Jarocki: Expanded Player Base Is The Key To The Future". Cash Box. Cash Box Pub. Co. pp. 52-56 (56).
- ↑ "Pac-Man eating Bally's future profits". Boca Raton News. 6 March 1983. p. 15C.
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suggested) (help) - ↑ "Pac-Man eating Bally's future profits". Boca Raton News. 6 March 1983. p. 15C.
- ↑ 116.0 116.1 116.2 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 2. Feburary 1, 1983. p. 12.
{{cite magazine}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ↑ "KLOV Arcade Serial Numbers". Killer List of Videogames. 2014. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=KlRUAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA35&article_id=6272,6315191
- ↑ "Play Meter Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 4, no. 20. October 15, 1982. p. 14.
- ↑ 120.0 120.1 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 4. March 1, 1983. p. 28.
- ↑ 121.0 121.1 121.2 121.3 121.4 121.5 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 1. January 15, 1983. p. 16.
- ↑ "Arcade Production Numbers". BrentRadio. 2019. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
- ↑ "Video File". The Los Angeles Times. February 21, 1984. p. 63. Retrieved 2023-12-22.
- ↑ 124.0 124.1 124.2 124.3 124.4 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 10. June 1, 1983. p. 16.
- ↑ "Play Meter Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 4, no. 24. December 15, 1982. p. 16.
- ↑ https://www.arcade-history.com/?page=detail&id=1434
- ↑ https://arcadeblogger.com/2017/06/02/gdis-slither-the-1-3-million-dollar-crash-burn/
- ↑ 128.00 128.01 128.02 128.03 128.04 128.05 128.06 128.07 128.08 128.09 128.10 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 12. July 1, 1983. p. 16.
- ↑ 129.0 129.1 129.2 129.3 Defanti, Thomas A. (1984), Yovits, Marshall C., ed., "The Mass Impact of Videogame Technology", Advances in Computers (Elsevier) 23: pp. 93–140 (105), https://www.vasulka.org/archive/Writings/VideogameImpact.pdf#page=13, retrieved 2023-12-22
- ↑ 130.0 130.1 Smith, Keith (2013-01-26). "Play Meter Operator/Industry Surveys". The Golden Age Arcade Historian. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
- ↑ "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 5. March 15, 1983. p. 4.
- ↑ "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 6. April 1, 1983. p. 12.
- ↑ 133.0 133.1 "Play Meter's Equipment Poll". Play Meter. Vol. 9, no. 8. May 1, 1983. p. 16.
- ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1982/CB-1982-06-26.pdf#page=37
- ↑ Kent, Steven L. (2002). The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story Behind the Craze that Touched our Lives and Changed the World. New York: Random House International. p. 211. ISBN 978-0-7615-3643-7. OCLC 59416169.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Galaga Parts and Operating Manual. Midway. October 1981. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- ↑ Fujihara, Mary (25 July 1983). "Inter Office Memo". Atari. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06.
- ↑ 138.0 138.1 138.2 138.3 138.4 138.5 "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. United States. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ 139.0 139.1 "SubRoc-3D". United States Copyright Office. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
- ↑ 140.0 140.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=_XVkAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA41&article_id=4954,2254412
- ↑ "Overseas Readers Column - Konami And Stern Pact On "Tutankham" Video" (PDF). Game Machine. No. 194. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 August 1982. p. 26.
- ↑ "Manufacturers Equipment". Cash Box. Cash Box Pub. Co. 5 February 1983. p. 35.
- ↑ https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=1639
- ↑ Guins, Raiford (2014-01-24). Game After: A Cultural Study of Video Game Afterlife. MIT Press. p. 324. ISBN 978-0-262-32018-4.
- ↑ 145.0 145.1 145.2 145.3 145.4 145.5 Reimer, Jeremy (2005-12-15). "Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on June 7, 2012. Retrieved 2021-11-27.
- Jeremy Reimer (2012-12-07). "Total Share: Personal Computer Market Share 1975-2010". Jeremy Reimer.
- ↑ McFerran, Damien (18 September 2010). "Feature: How ColecoVision Became the King of Kong". Nintendo Life. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ↑ 147.0 147.1 147.2 Donovan, Tristan (2010). "12. A Tool To Sell Software". [[wikipedia:Replay: The History of Video Games|Replay: The History of Video Games]]. East Sussex, England: Yellow Ant. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-9565072-0-4. Archived from the original on November 27, 2021. Retrieved November 26, 2021.
Within two months of the Famicom's July 1983 launch around 500,000 had been sold. By the end of the year sales had topped the million mark.
{{cite book}}
: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ↑ Wolf, Mark J. P. (1 May 2015). Video Games Around the World. MIT Press. p. 322. ISBN 978-0-262-52716-3.
The Nintendo Famicom was released in July of 1983 and by the end of the year had sold more than a million units.
- ↑ 149.0 149.1 149.2 https://books.google.com/books?id=WjBTAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA22&article_id=6807,3227111
- ↑ 150.0 150.1 150.2 150.3 150.4 150.5 Chronology of Personal Computers: 1983
- ↑ 151.0 151.1 151.2 Shea, Tom (6 February 1984). "Companies register big sales during Christmas season". InfoWorld. Vol. 6, no. 6. p. 16. ISSN 0199-6649.
- ↑ Hayes, Thomas C. (4 February 1984). "Mattel Is Counting on Its Toys". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
- ↑ "Compaq Portable". Old Computer Museum. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ↑ Methe, David; Mitchell, Will; Miyabe, Junichiro; Toyama, Ryoko (January 1998). "Overcoming a Standard Bearer: Challenges to NEC's Personal Computer in Japan". Research Papers in Economics (RePEc): 35. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5160396.
- ↑ Juliussen, Egil; Juliussen, Karen (1990). The Computer Industry Almanac 1991. Pearson P T R. pp. 10–47, 10–48. ISBN 978-0-13-155748-2.
- ↑ Koyama, Yusuke (2023-06-02). History of the Japanese Video Game Industry. Springer Nature. p. 49. ISBN 978-981-99-1342-8.
- ↑ Koyama, Yusuke (2023-06-02). History of the Japanese Video Game Industry. Springer Nature. p. 51. ISBN 978-981-99-1342-8.
- ↑ Methe, David; Mitchell, Will; Miyabe, Junichiro; Toyama, Ryoko (January 1998). "Overcoming a Standard Bearer: Challenges to NEC's Personal Computer in Japan". Research Papers in Economics (RePEc): 35. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5160396.
- ↑ 159.0 159.1 Juliussen, Egil; Juliussen, Karen (1990). The Computer Industry Almanac 1991. Pearson P T R. pp. 10–47, 10–48. ISBN 978-0-13-155748-2.
- ↑ https://retrocdn.net/images/9/93/JeuxetStrategie_FR_29.pdf#page=24
- ↑ "トミー、3万円割るパソコン『ぴゅう太-MK2』を発売。" [Tomy released the personal computer "Pyuta-MK2" that breaks ¥30,000] (in Japanese). Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun. 30 May 1984. p. 14.
- ↑ Kenichi, Sugimoto (1986). 任天堂のファミコン戦略 1千万家庭の情報ネットワーク [Nintendo's Famicom Strategy: Information Network for 10 Million Homes] (in Japanese). p. 49.
- ↑ Teppei, Akagi (1992). セガvs.任天堂 マルチメディア・ウォーズのゆくえ [Sega vs. Nintendo: Whereabouts of Multimedia Wars] (in Japanese). JMA Management Center Inc. p. 98.
- ↑ 164.0 164.1 164.2 164.3 Mario
- ↑ 165.0 165.1 165.2 165.3 165.4 Pac-Man
- ↑ Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005) [Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition (1971-2005)] (in Japanese). Japan: Amusement News Agency. pp. 41–2, 109, 114. ISBN 978-4990251215.
- ↑ 167.0 167.1 167.2 "Game Data Library".
- ↑ https://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=18443&redirect=no
- ↑ https://www.famitsu.com/cominy/?m=pc&a=page_h_title&title_id=4060&redirect=no
- ↑ 170.00 170.01 170.02 170.03 170.04 170.05 170.06 170.07 170.08 170.09 170.10 170.11 170.12 170.13 170.14 "Top Video Games" (PDF). Billboard. 1983-12-24. p. TA-34.
- ↑ 171.0 171.1 Capparell, James (June 1984). "Activision's James Levy: A software success story". Antic. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
- ↑ 172.0 172.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=P24sAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA4&article_id=3173,206061
- ↑ 173.0 173.1 173.2 173.3 173.4 173.5 173.6 173.7 Cartridge Sales Since 1980. Atari Corp. Via "The Agony & The Ecstasy". Once Upon Atari. No. 4. 23 minutes in.
- ↑ 174.0 174.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jWEsAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA87
- ↑ 175.0 175.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=1I9GAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA10&article_id=5213,2390205
- ↑ 176.0 176.1 1984
- ↑ 177.0 177.1 177.2 177.3 "Atari 2600". The Montreal Gazette. February 25, 1984. p. 64.
- ↑ 178.0 178.1 178.2 178.3 178.4 https://books.google.com/books?id=UYAxAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA236&article_id=4436,3004138#v=onepage&q&f=false
- ↑ 179.0 179.1 179.2 179.3 179.4 179.5 179.6 179.7 179.8 179.9 "The Top Sellers of 1983" (PDF). Computer Entertainer. Vol. 2, no. 10. January 1984. p. 145.
- ↑ 180.0 180.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=ztMsAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Pole+Position%22
- ↑ 181.0 181.1 Holyoak, Craig (May 30, 1984). "Here are ColecoVision's Jewels". Deseret News. p. 4 WV – via Google News.
- ↑ 182.0 182.1 Biledeau, Steven (March 25, 1999). "Vintage Intellivision games transformed". Edmonton Journal. p. 64. Retrieved November 22, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ 183.0 183.1 https://orlandosentinel.newspapers.com/newspage/236368403/
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=BzxTtml8Jq4C&pg=PA184
- ↑ "Billboard Magazine".
1983 (Jan 8) to 1984 (Jan 7)
- ↑ Driscoll, Ed (December 1982). "Capsule Reviews". The Space Gamer. No. 58. Steve Jackson Games. p. 48.
- ↑ Donkey Kong Junior (2600)
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210816161212/ninmemori.es/from-1982-to-1984-its-all-about-game-watch-newspaper-ads/
- ↑ McFerran, Damien (18 September 2010). "Feature: How ColecoVision Became the King of Kong". Nintendo Life. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210816161212/ninmemori.es/from-1982-to-1984-its-all-about-game-watch-newspaper-ads/
- ↑ 191.0 191.1 191.2 191.3 191.4 "Software Report Card". Video Games Player. Vol. 1, no. 1. United States: Carnegie Publications. September 1982. pp. 62–3.
- ↑ Dimetrosky, Raymond (November 1983). "Video Game Buyer's Guide: One on One (Zaxxon vs. Zaxxon)". Video Games Player. Vol. 2, no. 2. United States: Carnegie Publications. p. 55.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=LHdkAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA38&article_id=2590,181157
- ↑ Space Invaders
- ↑ "Video Take-Out's Top 10 Sellers" (PDF). Computer Entertainer. Vol. 2, no. 4. July 1983.
- ↑ "Video Take-Out's Top 10 Sellers" (PDF). The Video Game Update. Vol. 2, no. 2. May 1983. p. 16.
- ↑ 197.0 197.1 "Computer and Video Games Magazine".
April 1983 to February 1984
- ↑ 198.0 198.1 198.2 "SoftLog". LOGiN (in Japanese). No. July, September, November. 1983.
- ↑ Green, W., ed. (1988). "Made in Japan". InCider 6: 158. https://books.google.com/books?id=M2NRAAAAYAAJ. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
- ↑ https://www.8-bits.info/gamelist/PC88/info/info_6V17y1jIPkyePWYh.php
- ↑ Fujii, Daiji (2003). "Entrepreneurial Choices of Strategic Options in Japan's RPG Development" (PDF). p. 13. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 30, 2008. Retrieved August 12, 2006.
- ↑ "潮 [Tide]" (in ja). 潮 (372-374): 361. 1990. https://books.google.com/books?id=DHI3AAAAIAAJ. "このゲームは当時、六万本の売り上げを記録し、アドベンチャーゲームのなかでも突出した人気を誇っていた。 (At the time, the game sold 60,000 copies and was one of the most popular adventure games.)"
- ↑ DeMaria, Rusel; Wilson, Johnny L. (2003). High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games (2. ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Osborne. p. 135. ISBN 0-07-223172-6.
- ↑ 204.0 204.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=H-JLAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA34
- ↑ 205.0 205.1 Everyone's Guide to Personal Computers. 1983. p. 172.
Flight Simulator (...) Vendor: subLOGIC (...) Price Range: $30 to $35
- ↑ 206.0 206.1 The Book of Apple Computer Software. 1981. p. 316.
APPLE GALAXIAN (...) Sugg. Retail: $24.95
- ↑ McGuire, Christine H. (1983). Handbook of Health Professions Education. Jossey-Bass.
It is estimated that 30,000 Pac Man disks have been sold for home computers at $30 each and that there are a million copies in existence.
- ↑ Adams, Roe R. (September 1985). "Come Cast A Spell With Me". Computer Gaming World. Vol. 4, no. 3. pp. 21, 33.
- ↑ Blocker, Susan (August 23, 1984). "Iowan designs hot-selling video game". The Gazette. p. 20. Retrieved November 20, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ Stovall, Rawson (April 4, 1986). "Epyx offers trilogy of its Apshai games for the price of one". Abilene Reporter-News. p. 45. Retrieved December 21, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ "Upper Reaches of Apshai". PC Magazine. November 1982. p. 163.
- ↑ 212.0 212.1 212.2 212.3 "Software Hit List" (PDF). Billboard. 1984-01-14. p. CES-18.
- ↑ 213.0 213.1 213.2 213.3 213.4 "Great Scott: Infocom's All-Time Sales Numbers Revealed". GameSetWatch. Think Services. September 20, 2008. Archived from the original on September 24, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2008.
- ↑ 214.0 214.1 214.2 214.3 214.4 https://books.google.com/books?id=WYnHD9WSWdAC&pg=RA1-PA313
- ↑ 215.0 215.1 215.2 Petska-Juliussen, Karen; Juliussen, Egil (1990). The Computer Industry Almanac 1990. New York: Brady. pp. 3.10–15. ISBN 978-0-13-154122-1.
- ↑ Randy Glover, Kevin Savetz, Rob McMullen (12 May 2016). ANTIC Interview 171 - Randy Glover, Jumpman. 36:15: Antic Podcast. http://ataripodcast.libsyn.com/antic-interview-171-randy-glover-jumpman.
- ↑ Yuen, Matt (May–Jun 1983). "Jumpman". Softline. p. 45. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ↑ 218.0 218.1 "Softalk Magazine: Top 30 List Dataset".
- ↑ "List of Top Sellers" (PDF). Computer Gaming World. Vol. 2, no. 5. September–October 1982. p. 2.
- ↑ Second generation of video games