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1975

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In 1975, the video game industry declined following the late 1974 crash. The "paddle game" trend came to an end in arcades around 1975, with the arcade video game industry entering a period of stagnation in the "post paddle game era" over the next several years up until 1977.[1] However, video games began showing signs of recovery in late 1975, with the release of new arcade titles such as Western Gun (Gun Fight)[2] and the arrival of Pong clone consoles.

The year's highest-grossing electronic game is Taito's arcade racing game Speed Race (released as Wheels and Racer in North America), the second time for a video game. The year's best-selling home system is Atari's Home Pong, a dedicated first-generation console.

Financial performance[]

The following table lists the annual sales and revenue generated by the electronic games industry this year, including video games and electro‑mechanical games. See sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.

Industry Products Market Unit sales Annual revenue (est.) Ref
Nominal Inflation
Electronic games United States 974,000+ $700,000,000 $4,100,000,000
Japan 11,000+ $481,000,000 $2,800,000,000
Arcade Arcade games Worldwide 174,000+ $1,800,000,000 $11,000,000,000
Arcade Arcade games United States 174,000+ $660,000,000 $3,900,000,000 [3][4]
United Kingdom — $660,000,000 $3,900,000,000 [3]
Japan — $480,000,000 $2,800,000,000 [5]
Arcade Electro‑mechanical games Worldwide 95,000+ $1,290,000,000 $7,500,000,000
Arcade Electro‑mechanical games United Kingdom — $500,000,000 $2,900,000,000 [3]
Japan — $380,000,000 $2,200,000,000 [5][6]
United States 95,000+ $410,000,000 $2,400,000,000 [7][4]
Video games Worldwide 895,000+ $491,130,000 $2,900,000,000
Arcade Arcade video games United States 79,000 $250,000,000 $1,500,000,000 [8][4]
Japan — $100,000,000 $580,000,000 [9]
United Kingdom — $100,000,000 $580,000,000
Worldwide 79,000+ $450,000,000 $2,600,000,000
Console Video game consoles United States 800,000 $40,000,000 $230,000,000 [10][4]
Japan 11,000 $1,000,000 $6,000,000 [11]
Canada 5,000 $130,000 $1,000,000 [12]
Worldwide 816,000 $41,130,000 $240,000,000
Video games Japan 11,000+ $101,000,000 $590,000,000
United States 879,000 $290,000,000 $1,700,000,000 [4]
Electronic games Worldwide 990,000+ $1,841,130,000 $11,000,000,000

Highest-grossing games[]

The following titles were the highest-grossing electronic games worldwide this year, including video games (VG) and electro-mechanical games (EM games) across arcade and home markets. See sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.

No. Title Company Gross revenue (est.) Genre Type Platform
Nominal Inflation
1 Speed Race / Wheels / Racer Taito $180,000,000 $1,100,000,000 Racing VG Arcade
2 Harness Race Sega $83,000,000 $490,000,000 Medal EM
3 Wild Gunman / Gun Fight Nintendo $56,000,000 $330,000,000 FPS
4 Western Gun / Gun Fight Taito $50,000,000 $290,000,000 Shooter VG
5 Mogura Taiji / Whac-A-Mole TOGO $49,000,000 $290,000,000 Mole EM
6 Home Pong Atari / Sears $40,000,000 $230,000,000 Pong VG Console
7 Indy 500 / Grand Prix Kasco / Sega $38,000,000 $220,000,000 Racing EM Arcade
8 Laser Clay Nintendo $31,000,000 $180,000,000 FPS
9 Tank / Tank II Kee Games $30,000,000 $180,000,000 Maze VG
10 EVR Race Nintendo $30,000,000 $180,000,000 Medal EM
11 The Derby Vφ Aruze / Sigma $30,000,000 $180,000,000
12 The Great Ocean Cup Hei Trading $34,000,000 $200,000,000
13 Indy 800 Atari $30,000,000 $180,000,000 Racing VG
14 Sky Fighter / F-114 Taito $27,000,000 $160,000,000 FPS EM
15 Group Bingo Sega $26,000,000 $150,000,000 Medal
16 Basketball / Crown Basketball Sega / Taito $23,000,000 $130,000,000 Sports
17 Super Shifter Allied $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Racing
18 Air Hockey Brunswick $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Hockey
19 Punto Banko Sega $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Medal
20 Wizard! Bally $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Pinball
21 Flim-Flam Meadows $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Pong VG
22 Periscope Namco / Sega $19,000,000 $110,000,000 FPS EM
23 Gran Trak 10 Atari $17,000,000 $100,000,000 Racing VG Arcade
Odyssey 100 Magnavox $17,000,000 $100,000,000 Pong VG Console
Strato-Flite / Star-Flite Williams / Sega $17,000,000 $100,000,000 Pinball EM Arcade

Highest-grossing arcade games[]

The following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games worldwide in 1975, including both video games and electro-mechanical games. See sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.

No. Title Company Gross revenue (est.) Genre Type Generation
Nominal Inflation
1 Speed Race / Wheels / Racer Taito $180,000,000 $1,100,000,000 Racing Video Discrete
2 Harness Race Sega $83,000,000 $490,000,000 Medal Electro-mechanical
3 Wild Gunman / Gun Fight Nintendo $56,000,000 $330,000,000 FPS
4 Western Gun / Gun Fight Taito $50,000,000 $290,000,000 Shooter Video 8-bit
5 Mogura Taiji / Whac-A-Mole TOGO $49,000,000 $290,000,000 Mole Electro-mechanical
6 Indy 500 / Grand Prix Kasco / Sega $38,000,000 $220,000,000 Racing
7 Tank / Tank II Kee Games $34,000,000 $200,000,000 Maze Video Discrete
8 Laser Clay Nintendo $31,000,000 $180,000,000 FPS Electro-mechanical
9 EVR Race Nintendo $30,000,000 $180,000,000 Medal Electro-mechanical
10 The Derby Vφ Aruze / Sigma $30,000,000 $180,000,000
11 The Great Ocean Cup Hei Trading $30,000,000 $180,000,000
12 Indy 800 Atari $30,000,000 $180,000,000 Racing Video Discrete
13 Sky Fighter / F-114 Taito $27,000,000 $160,000,000 FPS Electro-mechanical
14 Group Bingo Sega $26,000,000 $150,000,000 Medal
15 Basketball / Crown Basketball Sega / Taito $23,000,000 $130,000,000 Sports
16 Super Shifter Allied $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Racing
17 Air Hockey Brunswick $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Hockey
18 Punto Banko Sega $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Medal
19 Wizard! Bally $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Pinball
20 Flim-Flam Meadows $20,000,000 $120,000,000 Pong Video Discrete
21 Periscope Namco / Sega $19,000,000 $110,000,000 FPS Electro-mechanical
22 Gran Trak 10 Atari $17,000,000 $100,000,000 Racing Video Discrete
23 Strato-Flite / Star-Flite Williams / Sega $17,000,000 $100,000,000 Pinball Electro-mechanical
24 Shooting Trainer Nintendo $15,000,000 $88,000,000 FPS Electro-mechanical
Skee Ball PTC $15,000,000 $88,000,000 Skeeball
Twin Racer Kee Games $15,000,000 $88,000,000 Racing Video Discrete

United States[]

In the United States, RePlay magazine published the first annual chart of top-grossing arcade games in March 1976, listing both video games (VG) and electro-mechanical games (EM games) on the same chart for the previous year. The following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games of 1975 in the United States.

No. Title[13] Company Release Units (est.)[14][15][13] Revenue (est.) Genre Type
Annual Cume[9] Gross[16][17] Ref
1 Tank / Tank II Kee Games 1974-11 6,000 16,000 $34,000,000 Maze VG
— Tank Kee Games 1974-11[18] 5,000 15,000 $31,000,000 [18]
Tank II Kee Games 1975-05[18] 1,000 1,000 $3,000,000
2 Wheels / Wheels II Taito 1975-03 10,000 10,000 $30,000,000 Racing
— Wheels (Speed Race) Taito 1975-03[19] 7,000 7,000 $20,000,000 [20]
Wheels II (Speed Race DX) Midway 1975-08[19] 3,000 3,000 $10,000,000
3 Gun Fight (Western Gun) Taito 1975-10[21] 8,000[22] 8,000 $30,000,000 [22][23] Shooter
4 Super Shifter Allied 1974-06[24] — 1,000+ $20,000,000 Racing EM
5 Indy 800 Atari 1975-04[18] 1,000+ 1,000+ $20,000,000 [18] Racing VG
6 Air Hockey Brunswick 1972 — 33,000 $21,000,000 Hockey EM
7 Wizard! Bally 1975-05[25] 8,000 8,000[26] $20,000,000 [27] Pinball
8 Flim-Flam Meadows 1974-03[28] 4,000 11,800[29] $20,000,000 [30] Pong VG
9 Gran Trak 10 Atari 1974-03[18] — 10,000[31] $17,000,000 [18] Racing
10 Skee Ball PTC 1947[32] — 1,000+ $15,000,000 Skeeball EM
11 F-114 (Sky Fighter) Taito 1975-06[33] 5,000 5,000 $15,000,000 [34] FPS
12 Twin Racer Kee Games 1974-07[18] — 1,000+ $15,000,000 Racing VG
13 BiPlane Fun Games 1975-12 — 1,000+ $15,000,000 Shooter
14 Racer (Speed Race) Taito 1975-02[19] 5,000 5,000 $15,000,000 [35] Racing
15 Demolition Derby [36] Exidy 1975-11[37] 1,300 1,300 $15,000,000 [38][39] Driving
16 OXO Williams 1973-08[40] — 6,853 $15,000,000 Pinball EM
17 Rifle Range Midway 1963[41] — 1,000+ $15,000,000 Shooter
18 Street Burners Allied 1975-05[42] — 1,000+ $15,000,000 Racing VG
19 Crown Basketball Taito / Sega 1972[43] — 5,000+ $15,000,000 Sports EM
20 Amigo Bally 1974-05[44] — 4,325 $15,000,000 Pinball
21 Grand Prix (Indy 500) Sega / Kasco 1969-08[45] — 5,000+ $15,000,000 Racing
22 Fast Draw Gottlieb 1975-04 8,282 8,282 $15,000,000 [46] Pinball
23 Super Soccer Gottlieb 1975-01 7,130 7,130 $15,000,000
24 Gran Trak 20 Atari 1974-08[18] 4,000 4,500 $13,000,000 [18] Racing VG
25 Pat Hand Williams 1975-05 6,500 6,500 $10,000,000 [46] Pinball EM
26 Far Out Gottlieb 1974-10 1,820 4,820 $10,000,000
27 Winner Midway 1973-04[47] — 7,000 $10,000,000 Pong VG
28 Periscope Sega / Namco 1968-03[48] — 5,000[49] $10,000,000 FPS EM
29 300 Gottlieb 1975-08 5,000 5,000 $9,000,000 [15] Pinball
30 High Hand Gottlieb 1973-07 — 4,950 $9,000,000
31 King Pin Gottlieb 1973-11 — 4,350 $8,000,000
32 Air Aces Bally 1975-02 3,085 3,085 $7,000,000 [46]
33 Wild Life Gottlieb 1972-11 — 3,875 $7,000,000
34 Fireball Bally 1972-02 — 3,815 $7,000,000
35 Video Action[n 1] URL / Venture 1975-05[50] 3,000 3,000[50] $6,000,000 [50] Pong VG
36 Soccer Gottlieb 1975-03 2,900 2,900 $6,000,000 [46] Pinball EM
37 Boomerang Bally 1974-12 1,585 2,585 $6,000,000
38 Top Card Gottlieb 1974-08 — 3,100 $6,000,000
39 Big Ben Williams 1975-04 2,900 2,900 $5,000,000 [46]
40 El Dorado Gottlieb 1975-04 2,875 2,875 $5,000,000
41 Satin Doll Williams 1975-03 2,400 2,400 $5,000,000
42 Atlantis Gottlieb 1975-01 2,225 2,225 $5,000,000
43 Killer Shark Sega 1972 1,000+ 2,000+[51] $5,000,000 [52] FPS
44 Duotron Gottlieb 1974-09 — 2,525 $5,000,000 Pinball
45 Little Chief Williams 1975-09 4,000 4,000 $4,000,000 [46]
46 Top Score Gottlieb 1975-10 3,000 3,000 $4,000,000 [53]
47 Spin Out Gottlieb 1975-07 2,962 2,962 $4,000,000 [46]
48 Quick Draw Gottlieb 1975-06 2,767 2,767 $4,000,000
49 Triple Strike Williams 1975-08 2,682 2,682 $4,000,000 [54]
50 Knockout Bally 1975-04 2,085 2,085 $4,000,000 [46]
51 Flicker Bally 1974 1,585 1,586 $4,000,000
52 Baseball Ramtek 1974-10[55] 1,000 2,000[56] $4,000,000 [57] Sports VG
53 Star Pool Williams 1974-12 757 1,757 $4,000,000 [15] Pinball EM
54 Out of Sight Gottlieb 1974-12 750 1,750 $4,000,000 [46]
55 Strato-Flite / Super-Flite Williams 1974-07 — 3,650 $4,000,000
56 UFO Chase (Attack UFO) Taito 1975-04[58] 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [59][60] Shooter VG
57 Hi-Deal Bally 1975-10 2,085 2,085 $2,000,000 [46] Pinball EM
58 Bow and Arrow Bally 1974 2,000 2,017 $2,000,000 [46]
59 PT-109 Mirco Games 1975-10[61] 1,500 1,500 $2,000,000 [18] Shooter VG
60 Fire Chief Americoin 1975-04 1,000+ 1,000+ $2,000,000 [62] Driving EM
61 Big League Chicago Coin 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $2,000,000 [46] Sports
62 Avenger Electra Games 1975-11[63] 1,000 1,000 $2,000,000 [64] Shooter VG
63 Gun Smoke (Top Gun) Kasco / Taito 1975-10[65] 750 750[66][67] $2,000,000 [68] FPS EM
64 The 4 Horsemen Gottlieb 1950-09 — 1,800 $2,000,000 Pinball
65 Space Race Atari 1973-07[69] — 1,500 $2,000,000 Racing VG
66 Big Twin Computer 1975 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 FPS EM
67 Crack Shot Allied 1972-11 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
68 Flying Ace MCI 1973-04[70] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [71]
69 Gangbusters Midway 1974-04[72] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [73]
70 Rifle Gallery Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
71 Sonic Fighter (Sky Fighter) Taito 1971-01 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
72 Target UFO Alca 1971-10[74] — 1,000+ $2,000,000
73 Moto Champ Sega 1973[75] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [9] Racing
76 Goal Tender Midway 1973-04 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [76] Hockey
74 Hover Bally 1973-01[77] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [78]
75 Gun Fight Sega 1969[79] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [80] Shooter
77 Helicopter Sega 1968-07[81] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [80] Flight
78 Baseball Champ Chicago Coin 1973-03 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [82] Sports
79 Tiger Gottlieb 1975-08 1,100 1,100 $1,000,000 [46] Pinball
80 Lucky Strike Gottlieb 1975-11 1,015 1,015 $1,000,000 [46]
81 Shoot Out Rifle Chicago Coin 1975-10 1,000+ 1,000+ $1,000,000 [46] FPS
82 Spirit of 76 Gottlieb 1975-12 1,000 1,000 $1,000,000 [46] Pinball
83 Toledo Williams 1975-12 1,000 1,000 $1,000,000 [15]
84 Pin-Up Gottlieb 1975-04 715 715 $1,000,000 [46]
85 Gold Strike Gottlieb 1975-11 691 691 $1,000,000
86 Super Flipper Chicago Coin 1975-11[83] 538 538[84] $1,000,000 [84] Pinball VG
87 Shark Jaws Atari 1975-09[18] 500 500 $1,000,000 [18] Action
88 Crash 'N Score Atari 1975-10[18] 500 500 $1,000,000 [18] Driving
89 Jet Fighter Atari 1975-10[18] 500 500 $1,000,000 [18] Shooter
90 Steeplechase Atari 1975-10[18] 500 500 $1,000,000 [18] Racing
91 Heavy Traffic Digital Games 1975-10[63] 300 300 $1,000,000
92 Drag Races Allied 1971-06 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Racing EM
93 Road Runner Bally 1971-08[85] — 1,000+ $1,000,000
94 Match Bowler Chicago Coin 1952 — 1,000+ $500,000 Bowling
95 Sport-A-Ball UBI 1970s — 1,000+ $500,000
96 Knock Out Digital Games 1974-12[86] 250 250 $600,000 [87] Pong VG
97 Inca TV Cocktail Table PMC 1975-03[88] 250 250 $600,000 [18]
98 TV Pinball Exidy 1974-11 200 300 $600,000 [18] Pinball
99 Survival TV Cocktail US Billiards 1975-02[89] 200 200 $500,000 [18] Pong
100 Combo Digital Games 1975-11[90] 250 250 $400,000
101 Maneater PSE 1975-11[91] 200 200 $400,000 [92] Action
102 Shark US Billiards 1975-11[89] 200 200 $100,000 [18] Maze VG
103 Abra Ca Dabra Gottlieb 1975-11 112 112 $100,000 [15] Pinball EM
104 España PSE 1973 100 100 $100,000 [18] Pong VG
105 Pong / Hockey Electromotion 1974 100 100 $100,000
106 Video Tennis Semcor 1975 100 100 $100,000
107 Trivia Ramtek 1975-11[93] 100 100 $100,000 [94] Quiz
108 Bullet Mark Sega 1975-11[95] 10 10 $100,000 [96] FPS

Other markets[]

The following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games this year in markets outside the United States. This section has separate lists for electro‑mechanical games (excluding pinball), pinball (a type of electro-mechanical game), and video games.

Electro-mechanical games[]

Rank Title Company Date[9] Unit sales[9][n 2] Gross revenue (est.) Genre
Annual Cume Gross[17][16] Ref
1 Harness Race [101] Sega 1974-09 1,000 5,000[102] $83,000,000 [103] Medal
2 Wild Gunman / Gun Fight Nintendo 1974 — 4,000[102] $56,000,000 [104] FPS
3 Mogura Taiji (Whac-A-Mole) TOGO 1975 2,000 2,000[105] $49,000,000 [105] Mole
4 Laser Clay Nintendo 1973 — 3,400 $31,000,000 FPS
— Mini Laser Clay Nintendo 1974 — 2,000[102] $28,000,000 [104]
Laser Clay Nintendo 1973 — 1,400[106] $3,000,000 [17]
5 EVR Race [107][108] Nintendo 1975-11[109] 1,000 1,000[110] $30,000,000 [103] Medal
6 The Great Ocean Cup Hei Trading[111] 1975-12[112] 100+ 100+ $30,000,000 [112]
7 The Derby Vφ Aruze / Sigma 1975-07[113] 100+ 100+ $30,000,000 [113]
8 Group Bingo Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $26,000,000 [103]
9 Indy 500 Kasco 1968 — 11,000+ $23,000,000 Racing
— Racer Namco 1970 — 5,000 $11,000,000 [17]
Indy 500 Kasco 1968 — 3,000+ $6,000,000
Champion License Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Grand Prix Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Drive Master Chicago Coin 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
10 Punto Banko Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $20,000,000 [103] Medal
11 Shooting Trainer Nintendo 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $15,000,000 [114] FPS
12 Dark Horse Taito 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $14,000,000 [115] Medal
13 Olympia Sega / Taito 1964 — 7,000+ $14,000,000 Pachislot
— Olympia Golden Star Sega 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Olympia Star Sega / Taito 1964 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
New Olympia Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Olympia Mark II Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Olympia Mark III Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
14 Crazy 15 Komaya 1965 — 6,000 $12,000,000 Bingo
— Crazy 15 Mark III Komaya 1970 — 3,000[116] $6,000,000
Crazy 15 Komaya 1965 — 3,000 $6,000,000
15 Duck Hunt Sega 1968 1,000+ 5,000+ $11,000,000 FPS
— Duck Shoot Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $5,000,000 [117]
Duck Hunt Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Midway 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Flying Ducks Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Chicago Coin 1973-07 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
16 Sky Fighter Taito 1970 — 5,000+ $10,000,000 FPS
— Sky Fighter II Taito 1971 — 3,000[118] $6,000,000 [17]
Sky Fighter Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sky Battle Chicago Coin 1971-10 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
17 Periscope Namco / Sega 1965 — 4,300+ $9,000,000 FPS
— Periscope Namco 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Sea Raider Midway 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Periscope Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sea Devil Midway 1970-09 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Submarine Patrol Alca / Mayfield 1967 — 300+ $1,000,000
18 Basketball Sega / Taito 1966 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 Sports
— Basketball Sega 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Midway 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Basketball 901 Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Basketball 902 Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
19 Combat Gun / Combat Kasco / Namco 1966 — 3,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Combat Gun Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Combat Gun / Combat Kasco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
New Combat Gun Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Combat Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
20 Crown Crane Taito 1965 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 Crane
— New Crane Taito 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Crown 602 Taito 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Crown 603 Taito 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Crown 605 Taito 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
21 Hoi Hoi Test Tokyo[n 3] 1963 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 Rhythm
— Alice Mirror Game Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Hoi Hoi Test Tokyo 1963 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Nervous Breakdown Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
30 Test Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
22 Jet Rocket Sega 1970-07 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Flotilla Williams 1970-12 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Jet Rocket Sega 1970-07 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Night Bomber Chicago Coin 1971-01 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Target Zero Bally 1970-12 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
23 Safari Gun Kasco 1970 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Big Hunting Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Hunting Buggy Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Hunting Land Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Safari Gun Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
24 Skill Diga Sega 1965 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 Crane
— Deluxe Skill Diga [119] Sega 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Skill Diga Sega 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Super Skill Diga Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
'72 Super Skill Diga Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
25 Gun Smoke (Top Gun) Kasco 1975-10[120] 3,000[66] 3,000[67] $7,000,000 [68] FPS
26 Color Bingo Taito 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $7,000,000 [115] Medal
27 Janken Pierrot Taito 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $7,000,000
28 Number Match Taito 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $7,000,000
29 Super Star Universal 1975 1,000 1,000[102] $7,000,000
30 Docking Apollo Namco 1969 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Lander
— Space Docking Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Docking Apollo Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Apollo-14 Chicago Coin 1971-04 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
31 Five Star Sega 1972 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Pachinko
— Five Star 96 Sega 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Five Star Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Five Star Q Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
32 Mini Drive Kasco 1958 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Racing
— Mini Drive MA Kasco 1961 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Mini Drive Kasco 1958 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
New Mini Drive Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
33 Galaxy Falls[n 4] Taito 1975 1,000 1,000[102] $6,000,000 [115] Medal
34 Minisoccer Sega 1968 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Sports
— Mini-Futbol Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Minisoccer Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Soccer Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
35 Missile Sega 1969 — 2,656+ $6,000,000 FPS
— Missile Sega 1969 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 [17]
S.A.M.I. Midway 1970‑03 — 356 $1,000,000
Super Missile Alca 1970-01 — 300+ $1,000,000
36 Faro Sega 1974 — 1,000 $6,000,000 [103] Medal
37 Seesaw Ball Taito 1974 — 1,000+[121] $5,000,000 [115]
38 Pirate Island Namco 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000
39 Spinna Coin Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 [103]
40 Cartopia Kasco 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 Driving
41 F.B.I. Shoot Out Gun Kasco 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 FPS
42 Ray Gun Shooting Range Kasco 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000
43 Horoscope Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 [122] Fortune
44 Round Up Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 [122] Action
45 View Box Kasco 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 Viewer
46 Attack Sega 1970 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Driving
— Attack II Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Attack Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
47 Derby Day Sega 1969 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Racing
— Jockey Club Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Derby Day Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
48 Jumbo Sega 1969 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Action
— Dan-Bo Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Jumbo Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
49 Night / Cycle Rider Sega / Taito 1970 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Racing
— Night Rider Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Cycle Rider Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
50 Punching Bag Sega 1962 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Boxing
— '73 Punching Bag Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Punching Bag Sega 1962 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
51 Zero Fighter Namco 1968 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 FPS
— Zero-sen Namco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [17]
Zero Fighter Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
52 Formula-X Namco 1973-10 — 1,800 $4,000,000 Racing
53 Grand Falls Taito 1974 — 1,000+ $4,000,000 [115] Medal
54 Match 'em Up Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [103]
55 Night Flight Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [122] Flight
56 Golden Cup Taito 1974 — 1,000+ $3,000,000 [115] Medal
57 Silver Falls Sega 1974 — 1,000+ $3,000,000 [103]
58 3-Way Bingo Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Bingo
Air Attack Sega 1972-01[123] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 FPS
Air Fighter Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Clay Shooting Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Combat Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Dive Bomber Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Fox Hunt Sega 1974-10 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Ghost Gun Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Invaders Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Matchlock Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Monster Gun Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Rapid Fire Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Rifle Competition Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sea Devil (Killer Shark) Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Shooting System Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sonar Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Space Monster Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Target Bowling Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Target UFO Sega / Alca 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Western Hill Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Air Car Namco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Driving
Crazy Buggy Namco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Dodgem Crazy Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Go Back Go Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Untouchable Kasco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Air Hockey Taito 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Hockey
Speed Hockey Sega 1973-03 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Apple Tree Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Misc
Jack & the Beanstalk Kasco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Piccolo Piccolo Namco 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Astrodata Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [117] Card
Fortune Computer Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Auto Viewer Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Viewer
Bank Shot Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Sports
Smashmatic Nintendo 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Big 5 Line Sega 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Slot
Jambo 5 Sega 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Rotary Crown Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Charley Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Music
The Music Clown Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Space Ball Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Catcher
Cowboy Sega 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Action
Dax Namco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Racing
Electro Derby Kasco 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Formula Race Taito 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [124]
Fun Karts Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Grand National Race Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sand Buggy Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Speed Skier Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Super Road 7 Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Golf Master Kasco 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Pachinko
Let's Go Bunny Taito 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Magic Card Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
New Time 80 Taito 1974 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Spiral Ball Namco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Tropicana Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Windmill Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
MiniCom Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [125] Quiz
Love Tester Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Dating
Lunar Rescue Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Space
Stunt Car Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Breaker

Pinball[]

Rank Title Company Date[15][9] Unit sales[15][9][n 2] Gross revenue (est.)
Annual Cume Gross[17][16] Ref
1 Strato-Flite / Star-Flite Williams / Sega 1974-07 1,000+ 5,233+ $13,000,000
— Strato-Flite Williams 1974-07 — 3,959 $9,000,000 [15]
Star-Flite Sega 1975 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [46]
Super-Flite Williams 1974-10 — 274 $1,000,000 [15]
2 Star Pool Williams 1974-12 — 5,193 $11,000,000 [15]
3 Sky Dive Gottlieb 1974-01 — 2,260 $5,000,000 [46]
4 Royal Pair Gottlieb 1974-10 — 1,480 $3,000,000
5 Spanish Eyes Sega 1972 — 1,034 $2,000,000
6 Ali Baba Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
7 Carnival Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
8 Crazy Clock Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
9 Explorer Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
10 Galaxy Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
11 Play Land Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
12 Punch Kasco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
13 Robin Hood Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
14 Ronin Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
15 Sapporo Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
16 Surfing Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
17 Thunder-Bird Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
18 Wasshoi Game Kasco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
19 Winner Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
20 Doodle Bug Sega 1971 — 1,000 $2,000,000
21 Olympic Hockey Sega 1972 — 954 $2,000,000
22 Super Star Sega 1972 — 877 $2,000,000
23 Skylab Williams 1974-06 — 795 $2,000,000 [15]
24 Triple Strike Williams 1975-08 694 694 $1,000,000
25 Lucky Ace Williams 1974-11 — 565 $1,000,000
26 Toledo Williams 1975-12 499 499 $500,000
27 Spacelab Williams 1974-03 30 30 $100,000 [46]

Video games[]

Rank Title Company Date[9] Unit sales[9][n 2] Gross revenue (est.) Genre
Annual Cume Gross[16][17] Ref
1 Speed Race Taito 1974-11 18,000 20,000[126] $100,000,000 [127] Racing
2 Speed Race DX Taito 1975-08 5,000 5,000[126] $30,000,000
3 Western Gun Taito 1975-09 2,000 2,000[102] $20,000,000 [127] Shooter
4 Bullet Mark Sega 1975-10 2,000+ 2,000+ $12,000,000 FPS
— Bullet Mark Sega 1975-10 1,000+ 1,000+ $6,000,000 [96]
Bullet Mark II Sega 1975-10 1,000+ 1,000+ $6,000,000
5 Dead Heat Taito 1975-02[128] 1,000+ 1,000+ $11,000,000 [115] Racing
6 Indy 800 Namco 1975-09 1,000 1,000[102] $10,000,000 [18]
7 Hockey TV Sega 1973-11 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Pong
— Mini Hockey Sega 1974-02 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [16]
Table Hockey Sega 1974-01 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Hockey TV Sega 1973-11 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
8 Ping-Pong Alca 1973-03 — 3,000 $5,000,000 Pong
9 TV Basketball Taito 1974-02 — 1,400 $4,000,000 [127] Sports
10 Erase (Clean Sweep) Sega 1975-01 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 Breaker
11 Last Inning Sega 1975-03 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000 [96] Sports
12 Pong-Tron Sega 1973-07 — 2,000 $4,000,000 Pong
— Pong-Tron Sega 1973-07 — 1,000 $2,000,000 [16]
Pong-Tron II Sega 1973-11 — 1,000 $2,000,000
13 Attack UFO Taito 1974-08 — 1,000+ $3,000,000 Shooter
14 Astro Race Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $3,000,000 [127] Racing
15 Davis Cup Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $3,000,000 [127] Pong
16 Elepong Taito 1973-07 — 1,000+ $3,000,000
17 Pro Hockey Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $3,000,000
18 Soccer Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $3,000,000
19 TV Davis Cup Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $3,000,000 [129]
20 Balloon Gun Sega 1974-08 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 FPS
Goal Kick Sega 1974-08 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Sports

Best-selling home systems[]

Rank Console Company Sales (est.) Gross (est.) Type Generation Ref
1 Home Pong Atari / Sears 200,000 $40,000,000 Console First [14][16]
2 Magnavox Odyssey Magnavox 192,000 $15,000,000 Console First [130]
4 Odyssey 100 Magnavox 175,000 $17,000,000
3 Ping•O•Tronic Zanussi 150,000+ $7,000,000 Console First [131][132]
4 Odyssey 200 Magnavox 125,000 $16,000,000 Console First [130]
5 Television Tennis Executive 65,000 $4,000,000 Console First [133][134]
6 Electrotennis Epoch 10,000 $1,000,000 Console First [135]
7 Altair 8800 MITS 5,000 $2,000,000 Computer 8-bit [136]
8 Tennis Game Machine Packel[n 5] 1,000 $400,000 Console First [135]

Notes[]

  1. ↑ Also released as Robot Valley
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 In Japan, between 500,000–700,000 arcade machines were on location by 1973.[97] By 1972, Japan's largest arcade game manufacturer was Sega, followed by Taito and then Namco.[98] Each arcade game from Kasco typically shipped about 1,000 units in a year.[99] Each arcade game from Sega, Taito, Namco and Kasco is thus estimated to have sold at least 1,000 units.
    • By 1975, there were 24,858 medal games operating in Japan.[100]
  3. ↑ 東京中機 Tokyo Chūki
  4. ↑ ギャラクシーフォールス Gyarakushī Fōrusu
  5. ↑ パッケル測器 Pakkeru Sokki

References[]

  1. ↑ "Special Report: Tom Petit (Sega Enterprises)". RePlay. Vol. 16, no. 4. January 1991. pp. 80, 82.
  2. ↑ https://archive.org/details/Winners_Book_of_Video_Games/page/n265/mode/2up
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Amusement Trade Fair - Colour". British Movietone. February 8, 1976. Retrieved 2023-12-03.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "Video Game Sales: 1972-1999". Gaming Alexandria. June 7, 2021.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 情報メディア白書 [Information Media White Paper]. Dentsu Institute. 2010. p. 293. 産業興行収入市場規模営業収入営業収入全体ビデオゲームアーケードゲーム中短波 FM (Box office revenue, Market size, Operating revenue, Total operating revenue, Video games, Arcade games, Medium and shortwave FM) ... 1965 755 152 713 1,090 4,843 1966 758 174 752 1,266 5,760 1967 789 214 788 1,530 6,793 1968 820 254 792 1,736 7,843 1969 838 323 0 848 2,206 9,305 1970 825 398 13 921 2,691 10,802 1971 793 430 17 1,010 2,893 12,649 1972 770 482 1,100 3,333 14,828 1973 927 580 235 24 1,187 4,018 17,344 1974 1,171 628 46 1,258 4,442 19,171 1975 1,308 683 52 1,314 4,856 21,555 1976 1,457 790 65 1,915 5,809 25,714 1977 1,524 892 83 2,091 6,512 34,784 1978 1,605 1,006 97 2,141 7,362 37,058 1979 1,582 1,164 115 2,191 8,326 39,255 1980 1,659 1,263 131 2,714 8,687 41,008 1981 1,633 1,347 143 2,816 9,284 42,625 1982 1,695 2,780 4,500 1,391 180 2,877 9,967 44,611 1983 1,863 3,860 4,570 1,450 237 2,926 10,713 46,915
  6. ↑ https://shmuplations.com/kasco/
  7. ↑ Annual Survey of Manufactures: 1975-1976. U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. May 1979. p. 2-30.
  8. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=2QAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA11&article_id=4821,2031441
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 1974
  10. ↑ "昔(1970年代）のテレビゲームは何台売れた？ (How many old (1970s) video games sold?)". Classic Videogame Station Odyssey (CVS Odyssey) (in Japanese). 2014-01-09. Archived from the original on 2023-11-02. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  11. ↑ See Epoch Electrotennis and Tennis Game Machine in Best-selling home systems section below
  12. ↑ "Home video games still hot selling item". The Leader-Post. 10 January 1977. p. 25. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "The Nation's Top Arcade Games". RePlay. March 1976.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Baer, Ralph H. (2005). Videogames: In the Beginning. Rolenta Press. pp. 10–3. ISBN 978-0-9643848-1-1.
  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 Internet Pinball Database
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 The Video Game Industry Year by Year: 1973-1975
  17. ↑ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 17.16 17.17 17.18 17.19 17.20 17.21 17.22 17.23 17.24 17.25 17.26 17.27 "1975 Route Survey" (PDF). Cash Box. 1975-10-18. p. C20.
  18. ↑ 18.00 18.01 18.02 18.03 18.04 18.05 18.06 18.07 18.08 18.09 18.10 18.11 18.12 18.13 18.14 18.15 18.16 18.17 18.18 18.19 18.20 18.21 18.22 18.23 18.24 "Production Numbers" (PDF). Atari Games. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency. p. 124. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  20. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1976/Cash-Box-1976-11-13.pdf#page=85
  21. ↑ "Over 4100 Attend MOA Expo '75; Record 226 Booths, 94 Exhibitors" (PDF). Cash Box. November 1, 1975. pp. 45–8.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Wills, John (2019). Gamer Nation. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-1-4214-2869-7.
  23. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1977/CB-1977-04-02.pdf#page=55
  24. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-06-29.pdf#page=39
  25. ↑ https://pinside.com/pinball/machine/wizard
  26. ↑ https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=2803
  27. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1977/Cash%20Box,%20February%2026%201977.pdf#page=66
  28. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-03-09.pdf#page=56
  29. ↑ "Meadows Games: from California to the World". RePlay 1 (38): 28-29. July 1976.
  30. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-04-05.pdf#page=30
  31. ↑ Wieder, Robert (September 1974). "A Fistful of Quarters". Oui: 59-61, 128-129.
  32. ↑ https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=skee-ball&page=detail&id=33903
  33. ↑ https://archive.org/details/play-meter-volume-1-number-7-june-july-1975-600dpi/Play%20Meter%20-%20Volume%201%2C%20Number%207%20-%20June-July%201975%20%28Compressed%29/page/21
  34. ↑ https://retrocdn.net/images/4/41/CashBox_US_1978-03-25.pdf#page=76
  35. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1977/CB-1977-05-14.pdf#page=51
  36. ↑ "California Clippings" (PDF). Cash Box. December 20, 1975. p. 36.
  37. ↑ https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=destruction-derby&page=detail&id=3384
  38. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1976/Cash-Box-1976-11-06.pdf#page=53
  39. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1977/Cash%20Box,%20February%2026%201977.pdf#page=66
  40. ↑ https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=1733
  41. ↑ https://www.arcade-museum.com/game_detail.php?game_id=17501
  42. ↑ Akagi, Masumi (1971–2005). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency (published 13 October 2006). p. 109. ISBN 978-4990251215.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  43. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2024/03/1967-crown-basketball-901-basketball.html
  44. ↑ https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=71
  45. ↑ https://segaretro.org/Grand_Prix
  46. ↑ 46.00 46.01 46.02 46.03 46.04 46.05 46.06 46.07 46.08 46.09 46.10 46.11 46.12 46.13 46.14 46.15 46.16 46.17 46.18 46.19 https://books.google.com/books?id=lFVFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA725
  47. ↑ https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=winner&page=detail&id=4750
  48. ↑ https://segaretro.org/Periscope
  49. ↑ https://videogamehistorian.wordpress.com/2015/06/08/historical-interlude-the-history-of-coin-op-part-6-a-technological-revolution/
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2013/11/urls-video-action-first-us-consumer.html
  51. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=xT1jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11
  52. ↑ https://retrocdn.net/images/4/4d/CashBox_US_1974-12-07.pdf#page=46
  53. ↑ https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=2589
  54. ↑ https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=2652
  55. ↑ Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005) [Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition (1971-2005)] (in Japanese). Japan: Amusement News Agency. p. 129. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  56. ↑ McEwan, Charles E. (1980-01-31). "Charles R. McEwan Deposition". Bally Manufacturing Corporation v. D. Gottlieb & Co., et al. US District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. Retrieved 29 Sep 2024.
  57. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1976/Cash-Box-1976-05-15.pdf#page=46
  58. ↑ https://archive.org/details/ArcadeGameList1971-2005/page/n117/mode/2up
  59. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-05-31.pdf#page=45
  60. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-06-28.pdf#page=41
  61. ↑ https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=pt-109&page=detail&id=29495
  62. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-09-20.pdf#page=58
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency. pp. 116–7. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  64. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1978/CB-1978-07-22.pdf#page=51
  65. ↑ https://archive.org/details/play-meter-volume-1-number-10-october-1975-600dpi/Play%20Meter%20-%20Volume%201%2C%20Number%2010%20-%20October%201975%20%28Compressed%29/page/18/mode/2up
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Hologram Time Traveler - The Revolution That Wasn't
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=gun-smoke&page=detail&id=14552
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1977/CB-1977-07-02.pdf#page=57
  69. ↑ "Production Numbers" (PDF). Atari Games. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  70. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-04-28.pdf#page=49
  71. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-07-28.pdf#page=46
  72. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-04-13.pdf#page=49
  73. ↑ https://www.pinrepair.com/arcade/gangbus.htm
  74. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-10-30.pdf#page=57
  75. ↑ https://segaretro.org/Moto_Champ
  76. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-04-28.pdf#page=48
  77. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-01-13.pdf#page=35
  78. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-03-03.pdf#page=68
  79. ↑ https://segaretro.org/Gun_Fight
  80. ↑ 80.0 80.1 1973
  81. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-01-05.pdf#page=30
  82. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-03-31.pdf#page=56
  83. ↑ https://archive.org/details/ArcadeGameList1971-2005/page/n115
  84. ↑ 84.0 84.1 "Stern Electronics, Inc.". 1977-07-11 Notice Of Motion. 1977-07-11.
  85. ↑ https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=road-runner-model-914&page=detail&id=12655
  86. ↑ Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency. pp. 114–5. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  87. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1976/Cash-Box-1976-04-17.pdf#page=37
  88. ↑ https://www.uvlist.net/game-276169-Inca
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  90. ↑ https://undumped.miraheze.org/wiki/Combo
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