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1974

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In 1974, the video game industry was flooded with Pong clones, leading to the first video game crash by the end of the year.[1][2][3] There was a collapse in the Pong clone market between late 1974 and 1975.[4][5] Besides Pong clones, 1974 saw the release of original arcade video games such as Speed Race and TV Basketball, as well as the first 8-bit microcomputer, the Sord SMP80/20 in Japan.

The year's highest-grossing electronic games were the electro‑mechanical (EM) arcade games Gun Fight (Wild Gunman) by Nintendo and Harness Race by Sega. The year's highest-grossing video game is Atari's arcade hit Pong, for the second year in a row. The year's best-selling home system is the Magnavox Odyssey, still the best-selling console in its third year.

Financial performance[]

The following table lists the annual sales and revenue generated by the electronic games industry this year, including video games and electro‑mechanical games.

Industry Products Market Unit sales Annual revenue (est.) Ref
Annual Cume Nominal Inflation
Electronic games USA 253,000 1,811,000 $911,300,000 $5,800,000,000
Arcade games 110,000+ 2,300,000+ $1,660,000,000 $11,000,000,000
Arcade Arcade games USA 100,000+ 1,500,000 $900,000,000 $5,700,000,000 [6][7][8]
Japan 10,000+ 700,000+ $460,000,000 $2,900,000,000 [9][10]
UK — 100,000+ $300,000,000 $1,900,000,000 [11][12]
Electro‑mechanical 60,000+ 1,940,000+ $1,100,000,000 $7,000,000,000
Arcade Electro‑mechanical games USA 60,000+ 1,390,000 $600,000,000 $3,800,000,000 [6][13][14]
Japan — 500,000+ $300,000,000 $1,900,000,000 [9][10][15]
UK — 50,000+ $200,000,000 $1,300,000,000 [11][12]
Video games 323,929+ 591,000+ $511,300,000 $3,300,000,000
Arcade Arcade video games USA 40,000 110,000 $300,000,000 $1,900,000,000 [8][14]
Japan 10,000+ 10,000+ $100,000,000 $640,000,000
UK — 50,000+ $100,000,000 $640,000,000 [11][12]
Worldwide 70,929+ 180,000 $500,000,000 $3,200,000,000
Console Video game consoles USA 153,000+ 311,000 $11,300,000 $72,000,000 [16][14][11]
Italy 100,000+ 100,000+ $4,000,000 $26,000,000
Worldwide 253,000+ 411,000+ $15,300,000 $98,000,000
Electronic games 363,000+ 2,711,000+ $1,671,300,000 $11,000,000,000

Highest-grossing games[]

The following titles were the highest-grossing electronic games worldwide this year, including video games (VG) and electro-mechanical games (EM games) across arcade and home markets. See sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.

No. Title Company Date Gross revenue (est.) Genre Type Platform
Nominal Inflation
1 Gun Fight / Wild Gunman Nintendo 1974 $100,000,000 $640,000,000 FPS EM Arcade
2 Harness Race Sega 1974-09 $100,000,000 $640,000,000 Medal
3 Laser Clay Nintendo 1973 $68,000,000 $430,000,000 FPS
4 Air Hockey Brunswick 1972 $63,000,000 $400,000,000 Hockey
5 Pong Atari 1972-11 $47,000,000 $300,000,000 Pong VG
6 Paddle Battle Allied 1973-03 $45,000,000 $290,000,000
7 Indy 500 Kasco 1968 $42,000,000 $270,000,000 Racing EM
8 Tennis Tourney Allied 1973-07 $37,000,000 $240,000,000 Pong VG
9 Speed Race Taito 1974-11 $32,000,000 $200,000,000 Racing
10 Gran Trak 10 Atari 1974-03 $26,000,000 $170,000,000

Highest-grossing arcade games[]

The following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games this year. This section has separate lists for electro‑mechanical games (excluding pinball), pinball (a type of electro-mechanical game), and video games.

Electro-mechanical games[]

Rank Title Company Date[11] Unit sales[11][n 1] Gross revenue (est.) Genre
Annual Cume Gross[19] Ref
1 Gun Fight / Wild Gunman Nintendo 1974 4,000 4,000[20] $100,000,000 [21] FPS
2 Harness Race [22] Sega 1974-09 4,000 4,000[20] $100,000,000 [23] Medal
3 Laser Clay Nintendo 1973 2,000 3,400 $68,000,000 FPS
— Mini Laser Clay Nintendo 1974 2,000 2,000[20] $56,000,000 [21]
Laser Clay Nintendo 1973 — 1,400[24] $12,000,000 [25]
4 Air Hockey Brunswick 1972 10,000 33,000[26] $63,000,000 [27] Hockey
5 Indy 500 Kasco 1968 — 26,000 $42,000,000 Racing
— Speedway Chicago Coin 1969 — 10,000 $15,000,000 [19]
Grand Prix Sega 1969 — 5,000+[28] $8,000,000
Racer Namco 1970 — 5,000 $8,000,000
Indy 500 Kasco 1968 — 3,000+ $5,000,000
Champion License Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Grand Prix Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Drive Master Chicago Coin 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
6 Periscope Namco / Sega 1965 — 9,300+ $17,000,000 FPS
— Periscope Sega 1966 — 5,000 $8,000,000 [19]
Namco 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sea Raider Midway 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Periscope Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sea Devil Midway 1970-09 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Submarine Patrol Alca / Mayfield 1967 — 300+ $500,000
7 Basketball Sega / Taito 1966 — 9,000+ $16,000,000 Sports
— Crown Basketball Taito 1972 — 5,000+[28] $8,000,000 [19]
Basketball Sega 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Midway 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Basketball 901 Taito 1967 1,000+ $2,000,000
Basketball 902 Taito 1967 1,000+ $2,000,000
8 Olympia Sega / Taito 1964 1,000+ 7,000+ $14,000,000 Pachislot
— Olympia Golden Star Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $2,000,000 [30]
Olympia Star Sega / Taito 1964 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
New Olympia Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Olympia Mark II Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Olympia Mark III Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
9 Formula-X Namco 1973-10 — 1,800 $14,000,000 [31] Racing
10 Faro Sega 1974 1,000 1,000[32] $11,000,000 [23] Medal
11 Seesaw Ball Taito 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[33] $11,000,000 [34]
12 Sky Fighter Taito 1970 — 6,000+ $11,000,000 FPS
— Sky Fighter II Taito 1971 — 3,000[35] $5,000,000 [19]
Sky Fighter Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sonic Fighter Allied 1971-01 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sky Battle Chicago Coin 1971-10 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
13 Crazy 15 Komaya 1965 — 6,000 $10,000,000 Bingo
— Crazy 15 Mark III Komaya 1970 — 3,000[36] $5,000,000 [19]
Crazy 15 Komaya 1965 — 3,000 $5,000,000
14 Skill Diga Sega 1965 1,000+ 4,000+ $9,000,000 Crane
— Deluxe Skill Diga [37] Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000 [38]
Skill Diga Sega 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Super Skill Diga Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
'72 Super Skill Diga Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
15 Grand Falls Taito 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $8,000,000 [34]
16 Crown Crane Taito 1965 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 Crane
— New Crane Taito 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Crown 602 Taito 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Crown 603 Taito 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Crown 605 Taito 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
17 Hoi Hoi Test Tokyo[n 2] 1963 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 Rhythm
— Alice Mirror Game Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Hoi Hoi Test Tokyo 1963 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Nervous Breakdown Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
30 Test Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
18 Jet Rocket Sega 1970-07 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Flotilla Williams 1970-12 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Jet Rocket Sega 1970-07 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Night Bomber Chicago Coin 1971-01 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Target Zero Bally 1970-12 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
19 Safari Gun Kasco 1970 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Big Hunting Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Hunting Buggy Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Hunting Land Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Safari Gun Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
20 Duck Hunt Sega 1968 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Flying Ducks Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Chicago Coin 1973-07 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Duck Hunt Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Midway 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
21 Combat Gun / Combat Kasco / Namco 1966 — 3,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Combat Gun Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Combat Gun / Combat Kasco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
New Combat Gun Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Combat Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
22 Golden Cup Taito 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $6,000,000 [34]
23 Docking Apollo Namco 1969 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Lander
— Space Docking Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Docking Apollo Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Apollo-14 Chicago Coin 1971-04 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
24 Mini Drive Kasco 1958 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Racing
— Mini Drive MA Kasco 1961 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Mini Drive Kasco 1958 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
New Mini Drive Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
25 Five Star Sega 1972 1,000+ 3,000+ $5,000,000 Pachinko
— Five Star 96 Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000 [23]
Five Star Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Five Star Q Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
26 Silver Falls Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $5,000,000 [23] Medal
27 Missile Sega 1969 — 2,656+ $5,000,000 FPS
— Missile Sega 1969 — 2,000+ $3,000,000 [19]
S.A.M.I. Midway 1970‑03 — 356 $1,000,000
Super Missile Alca 1970-01 — 300+ $500,000
28 Fox Hunt Sega 1974-10 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $4,000,000 [39] FPS
29 Attack Sega 1970 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Driving
— Attack II Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Attack Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
30 Jumbo Sega 1969 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Action
— Dan-Bo Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Jumbo Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
31 Derby Day Sega 1969 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Racing
— Jockey Club Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Derby Day Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
32 Killer Shark Sega 1972 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 FPS
— Killer Shark Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Sea Devil Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
33 Night / Cycle Rider Sega/Taito 1970 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Racing
— Night Rider Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Cycle Rider Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
34 Punching Bag Sega 1962 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Boxing
— '73 Punching Bag Sega 1973 — 1,000+[40] $2,000,000 [19]
Punching Bag Sega 1962 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
35 Target UFO Alca / Sega 1971-10 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 FPS
— Target UFO Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [41]
Alca 1971-10 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [42]
36 Zero Fighter Namco 1968 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 FPS
— Zero-sen Namco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Zero Fighter Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
37 Ascot Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [23] Medal
38 Bonus Line Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[43] $3,000,000
39 Double-Up Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000
40 Lucky Double Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[43] $3,000,000
41 Windsor Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[43] $3,000,000
42 Big 5 Line Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [23] Slot
43 Jambo 5 Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000
44 Cowboy Sega 1974 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000 [38] Action
45 Electro Derby Kasco 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 Racing
46 Formula Race Taito 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000
47 Golf Master Kasco 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 Pachinko
48 Let's Go Bunny Taito 1973 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000
49 New Time 80 Taito 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000
50 Piccolo Piccolo Namco 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 Misc
51 Smashmatic Nintendo 1974 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 Sports
52 Minisoccer Sega 1968 — 3,000+ $3,000,000 Sports
— Mini-Futbol Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [19]
Minisoccer Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Soccer Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
53 Gangbusters Midway 1974-04[44] 1,000+ 1,000+[42] $2,000,000 [45] FPS
54 Super Shifter Allied 1974-06[46] 1,000+[47] 1,000+[42] $2,000,000 [48] Racing
55 Helicopter Sega 1968 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Flight
— Eagle Go! Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [19]
Helicopter Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
56 3-Way Bingo Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Bingo
57 Air Attack Sega 1972-01[49] — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [50] FPS
58 Sonar Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
59 Air Fighter Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
60 Clay Shooting Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
61 Dive Bomber Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
62 Invaders Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
63 Matchlock Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [50]
64 Monster Gun Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
65 Rapid Fire Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
66 Rifle Gallery Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [51]
67 Shooting System Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
68 Space Monster Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
69 Target Bowling Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
70 Western Hill Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
71 Air Car Namco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Driving
72 Crazy Buggy Namco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
73 Dodgem Crazy Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
74 Go Back Go Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
75 Untouchable Kasco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
76 Air Hockey Taito 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Hockey
77 Speed Hockey Sega 1973-03 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
78 Apple Tree Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Misc
79 Jack & the Beanstalk Kasco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
80 Astrodata Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [50] Card
81 Fortune Computer Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
82 Bank Shot Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Sports
83 Charley Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Music
84 Dax Namco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Racing
85 Fun Karts Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [52]
86 Grand National Race Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
87 Moto Champ Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
88 Sand Buggy Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
89 Speed Skier Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
90 Super Road 7 Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
91 Gun Fight Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Shooter
92 Love Tester Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Dating
93 Lunar Rescue Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Space
94 Rotary Crown Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Slot
95 Spiral Ball Namco 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Pachinko
96 Tropicana Taito 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
97 Windmill Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
98 Stunt Car Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Breaker
99 The Music Clown Kasco 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Music
100 Exciting Race Amco 1974 500+ 500+[43] $1,000,000 Medal
Full Face: My Honey Namco 1974 500+ 500+ $1,000,000
Jumbo Derby Fuji 1974 500+ 500+[43] $1,000,000
Prince Shotoku Namco 1974 500+ 500+ $1,000,000
Quarter Horse Max 1974 500+ 500+[43] $1,000,000
Tensai Bakabon Namco 1974 500+ 500+ $1,000,000
Fascination Nintendo 1974 40+[53] 40+ $1,000,000 [54] Eroge
Arrow Vending Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Shooting
Cork Vending Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Aquamatic Gun Namco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 FPS
Balloon Popping Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Battle of the Bulge Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Combat Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Crack Shot Allied 1972-11 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [42]
Flying Ace MCI 1973-04 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Ghost Gun Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Gum Deru Gun Namco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Rifle Competition Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Rifleman Sega 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Sea Hunt Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Space Adventure Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Undersea Fortress Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Western Duel Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Auto Viewer Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Viewer
Automatic Unlucky Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Fortune
Baseball Champ Chicago Coin 1973-03 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [42] Sports
Crown Soccer Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Sportsman Taito 1966 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Bazooka Cannon Namco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Shooter
Cannon Ball Taito 1960s — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Challenger Namco 1966 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Invaders Midway 1970-10 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Rifle Range Midway 1963 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [42]
Super Sonic Bomber Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Big Strike Bowling Taito 1971 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Bowling
Match Bowler Chicago Coin 1952 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [42]
Pro Bowler Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Cineretta Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Viewer
Stereo Viewer Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Control Test Sega 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Wire
Crown Space Man Taito 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Tokaido Drive Sega 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Crazy Ball Taito 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Catcher
Space Ball Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Cycle Race Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Racing
Drag Races Allied 1971-06 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [42]
Drivemobile Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Motorcycle Chicago Coin 1970-10 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Osomatsu-kun Namco 1966 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Road Runner Bally 1971-08 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Roadway Ride Namco 1963 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Double Skill Taito 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Coin
Fantasy Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Ball drop
Fire Carnival Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Misc
Fortress of Navarone Namco 1966 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Lucky Balloon Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Shuffle Game Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [55]
Silencer Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Goal Tender Midway 1973-04 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [42] Hockey
Hover Bally 1973-01 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Hockey Game Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
MotoPolo Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Golden Arm Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Prize
Intelligence Computer Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Quiz
MiniCom Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [55]
Janken Machine Namco 1965 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Janken
Jump Ball Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Skeeball
Skee Ball PTC 1947 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [42]
Magic Card Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Pachinko
Sky Diving Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Flight

Pinball[]

Rank Title Company Release[56][11] Cabinet sales[57][11] Gross revenue (est.)
Annual Cume Gross[19] Ref
1 Dealer's Choice Williams 1973-12 8,648 8,850 $20,000,000 [57]
2 Big Indian Gottlieb 1974-02 8,030 8,030 $19,000,000
3 Hot Shot Gottlieb 1973-09 5,000 9,000 $16,000,000 [58]
4 Jack in the Box Gottlieb 1973-02 — 8,300 $13,000,000
5 OXO Williams 1973-08 1,853 6,853 $12,000,000 [57]
6 Jubilee Williams 1973-02 — 7,303 $11,000,000
7 Magnotron Gottlieb 1974-06 6,550 6,550 $9,000,000 [58]
8 Strato-Flite Williams 1974-07 5,977 5,977 $9,000,000 [57]
9 Triple Action Williams 1973-11 3,732 3,828 $8,000,000 [57]
10 King Pin Gottlieb 1973-11 2,350 4,350 $8,000,000 [58]
11 Monte Carlo Bally 1973-03 — 5,254 $8,000,000
12 Jumping Jack Gottlieb 1973-05 — 4,975 $8,000,000
13 Champ Bally 1974-02 4,070 4,070 $7,000,000
14 Pro-Football Gottlieb 1973-01 — 4,500 $7,000,000
15 High Hand Gottlieb 1973-07 — 4,950 $7,000,000
16 Nip-It Bally 1973-07 — 4,580 $7,000,000
17 Amigo Bally 1974-05 4,325 4,325 $6,000,000
19 Sky Jump Gottlieb 1974-05 4,200 4,200 $6,000,000
20 Spanish Eyes Williams / Sega 1971-11 — 3,905 $6,000,000
— Spanish Eyes Williams 1971-11 — 2,871 $4,000,000 [19]
Sega 1972 — 1,034 $2,000,000
21 Fireball Bally 1972-02 — 3,815 $6,000,000 [42]
22 Big Shot Gottlieb 1974-01 2,900 2,900 $6,000,000
23 Circus Bally 1973-11 1,550 3,550 $6,000,000
25 Darling Williams 1973-04 — 3,677 $6,000,000
26 Skylab Williams 1974-06 3,651 3,651 $5,000,000
27 Big Brave Gottlieb 1974-05 3,450 3,450 $5,000,000
28 Super Star Williams / Sega 1972-03 — 3,800 $5,000,000
— Super Star Williams 1972-03 — 2,923 $4,000,000 [19]
Sega 1972 — 877 $1,000,000
29 Doodle Bug Williams / Sega 1971-03 — 3,006 $5,000,000
— Doodle Bug Williams 1971-03 — 2,006 $3,000,000 [19]
Sega 1971 — 1,000 $2,000,000
30 Sky Dive Gottlieb 1974-01 2,260 2,260 $4,000,000
31 Jungle Life Gottlieb 1972-12 — 2,731 $4,000,000
32 Odds & Evens Bally 1973-03 — 2,570 $4,000,000
33 Top Hand Gottlieb 1973-05 — 2,889 $4,000,000
34 Time Zone Bally 1973-05 — 2,500 $4,000,000
35 Hi-Lo Ace Bally 1973-10 — 2,500 $4,000,000
36 Top Card Gottlieb 1974-08 3,100 3,100 $3,000,000
37 Ro Go Bally 1974-08 3,075 3,075 $3,000,000
38 Sky Kings Bally 1974-04 2,000 2,000 $3,000,000
39 Twin Win Bally 1974-02 1,570 1,570 $3,000,000
40 Olympic Hockey Williams / Sega 1971-06 — 2,555 $3,000,000
— Olympic Hockey Williams 1971-06 — 1,601 $2,000,000 [19]
Sega 1972 — 954 $1,000,000
41 Ten-Up Gottlieb 1973-08 — 2,262 $3,000,000
42 The 4 Horsemen Gottlieb 1950-09 — 1,800 $3,000,000 [42]
43 Far Out Gottlieb 1974-10 3,000 3,000 $2,000,000 [58]
44 Lucky Ace Williams 1974-11 2,809 2,809 $2,000,000 [57]
45 Duotron Gottlieb 1974-09 2,525 2,525 $2,000,000 [58]
46 Super-Flite Williams 1974-10 1,901 1,901 $2,000,000
47 Delta Queen Bally 1974-07 1,575 1,575 $2,000,000
48 Star Action Williams 1973-12 1,125 1,155 $2,000,000 [57]
49 Big Show Bally 1974-01 1,000 1,000 $2,000,000 [58]
50 Ali Baba Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
51 Carnival Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
52 Crazy Clock Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
53 Explorer Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
54 Galaxy Sega 1973 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
55 Play Land Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
56 Punch Kasco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
57 Robin Hood Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
58 Ronin Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
59 Sapporo Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
60 Surfing Sega 1972 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
61 Thunder-Bird Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
62 Wasshoi Game Kasco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
63 Winner Sega 1971 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
64 Tropic Fun Williams 1973-01 — 1,100 $2,000,000
65 Bon Voyage Bally 1974-11 1,585 1,585 $1,000,000 [58]
66 Royal Pair Gottlieb 1974-10 1,480 1,480 $1,000,000
67 Boomerang Bally 1974-12 1,000 1,000 $1,000,000
68 Out of Sight Gottlieb 1974-12 1,000 1,000 $1,000,000
69 Star Pool Williams 1974-12 1,000 1,000 $1,000,000 [57]
70 Capt. Card Gottlieb 1974-05 675 675 $1,000,000 [58]
71 Free Fall Gottlieb 1974-10 650 650 $1,000,000
72 Jungle King Gottlieb 1973-05 — 825 $1,000,000
73 Pro Pool Gottlieb 1973-12 — 800 $1,000,000
74 Fore Bally 1973 — 80 $100,000
75 Spacelab Williams 1974-03 30 30 $100,000 [58]
76 Bow and Arrow Bally 1974 17 17 $30,000
77 Flicker Bally 1974 1 1 $2,000

Video games[]

Rank Title Company Date[11] Unit sales[59][11][n 1] Gross revenue (est.) Genre
Annual Cume Gross[19] Ref
1 Pong Atari 1972-11[60] 4,929 23,929[61] $47,000,000 [60] Pong
2 Paddle Battle Allied 1973-03[62] 5,000 22,000[63] $45,000,000 [64]
3 Tennis Tourney Allied 1973-07 7,000 17,000[65] $37,000,000
4 Speed Race Taito 1974-11[66] 2,000 2,000[67] $32,000,000 [68] Racing
5 Gran Trak 10 Atari 1974-03[69] 10,000[70] 10,000 $26,000,000 [69]
6 Tank Kee Games 1974-11[69] 10,000 10,000 $24,000,000 [69] Maze
7 TV Tennis Dormer 1973 — 5,000[71] $24,000,000 [4] Pong
8 TV Basketball Taito 1974-02[72] 1,400[73] 1,400 $22,000,000 [68] Sports
9 Flim-Flam Meadows 1974-03[74] 7,800 7,800[75] $16,000,000 [76] Pong
10 Formula K Kee Games 1974-04[69] 6,000 6,000 $15,000,000 [69] Racing
11 Pro Tennis Williams 1973-11 — 7,000 $13,000,000 Pong
12 Winner Midway 1973-04 — 7,000 $13,000,000
13 Super Soccer Allied 1973-11[77] — 5,000 $9,000,000 Pong
14 Clean Sweep Ramtek 1974-04[78] 3,500 3,500 $8,000,000 [79] Breaker
15 Hockey TV Sega 1973-11 2,000+ 3,000+ $8,000,000 Pong
— Mini Hockey Sega 1974-02 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000 [80]
Table Hockey Sega 1974-01 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000
Hockey TV Sega 1973-11 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
16 Astro Race Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $8,000,000 [68] Racing
17 Davis Cup Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $8,000,000 [68] Pong
18 Elepong Taito 1973-07 — 1,000+ $8,000,000
19 Pro Hockey Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $8,000,000
20 Soccer Taito 1973-11 — 1,000+ $8,000,000
21 TV Davis Cup Kasco 1973 — 1,000+ $8,000,000 [31]
22 TV Ping Pong Chicago 1973-04 — 3,300 $6,000,000 Pong
23 Gotcha Atari 1973-10[81] — 3,000 $5,000,000 Maze
24 Ping-Pong Alca 1973-03 — 3,000 $5,000,000 Pong
25 Asteroid Midway 1973-10[82] — 2,000 $4,000,000 Racing
26 Tele-Tennis Pong COPS 1973-07 — 2,000 $4,000,000 Pong
27 Pong-Tron Sega 1973-07 — 2,000 $4,000,000 Pong
— Pong-Tron Sega 1973-07 — 1,000 $2,000,000
Pong-Tron II Sega 1973-11 — 1,000 $2,000,000
28 Balloon Gun Sega 1974-08 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000 [80] FPS
29 Goal Kick Sega 1974-08 1,000+ 1,000+[29] $3,000,000 [80] Sports
30 Computer Space Syzygy 1971-08 — 1,500 $3,000,000 [83] Shooter
31 Space Ball Nutting 1973-01[84] — 1,500[85] $3,000,000 Pong
32 Space Race Atari 1973-07[86] — 1,500 $3,000,000 Racing
33 Attack UFO Taito 1974-08[87] 1,000+ 1,000+ $2,000,000 Shooter
34 Baseball Ramtek 1974-10[88] 1,000 1,000[89] $2,000,000 [90] Sports
35 Leader Midway 1973-12[91] 1,000 1,000 $2,000,000 [92] Pong
36 Rally For-Play 1973-03[93] — 1,200[94] $2,000,000
37 Hockey Ramtek 1973-11 — 1,000 $2,000,000
38 TV Tennis Chicago 1973-08[95] — 1,000 $2,000,000 [96]
39 Volley Ramtek 1973-03[97] — 1,000 $2,000,000 [98]
40 Gran Trak 20 Atari 1974-08[69] 500 500 $1,000,000 [69]
41 TV Pin Game Chicago 1974-10[99] 500[100] 500 $1,000,000 [100] Racing
42 Robot Allied 1974-11[101] 500 500 $1,000,000 [102] Pinball
43 Challenge Mirco 1974-03[103] 400 400 $1,000,000 [69] Pong
44 Flip-Out Volly 1974-04[104] 250 250 $1,000,000 [79] Block
45 TV Tennis US Billiards 1973-10[105] 200 500 $1,000,000 [106] Pong
46 TV Hockey Amutronics 1973[107] 200 450 $1,000,000 [108]
47 Handicap Pong JRW 1973[109] 200 200 $1,000,000 [60]
48 Spike It! Computer 1974[99] 200 200 $1,000,000
49 TV Hustler Amutronics 1974[59] 200 200 $1,000,000 [108]
50 Pong Doubles Atari 1973-09 — 500 $1,000,000
51 Astro Hockey Brunswick 1974-10[110] 300 300 $400,000 [60]
52 Qwak! Atari 1974-11[69] 250 250 $400,000 [69] Shooter
53 Tennis Digital 1974-11[111] 250 250 $400,000 [69] Pong
54 Sneeky U.B.I 1974-11[112] 250 250 $400,000 [69]
55 Pace Car Pro Electra 1974-09[113] 200 200 $400,000 [114] Racing
56 TV Goalee Chicago 1974-05[115] 121 121[100] $300,000 [100] Sports
57 Pin Pong Atari 1974-10[69] 250 250 $200,000 [69] Pinball
58 Off the Wall PMC 1974[59] 100 100 $200,000 [114] Pong
One On One PMC 1974-10[116] 100 100 $100,000 [114]
Player's Choice PMC 1974-03[116] 100 100 $100,000
TV Pinball Exidy 1974-11[113] 100 100 $100,000 [69] Pinball
Total 70,929+ 180,000 $500,000,000

Best-selling home systems[]

Rank System Manufacturer Type Generation Unit sales Gross revenue (est.) Ref
Nominal Inflation
1 Magnavox Odyssey Magnavox Console First 150,000 $11,300,000 $72,000,000 [16][14]
2 Ping•O•Tronic Zanussi Console First 100,000+ $4,000,000 $26,000,000 [117][118]
3 Video Action URL Console First 3,000+ $1,000,000 $6,000,000 [119][120]
4 Sord SMP80/20 Sord Computer 8-bit — $3,000+ $20,000+ [121][122]

Notes[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 In Japan, between 500,000–700,000 arcade machines were on location by 1973.[9] By 1972, Japan's largest arcade game manufacturer was Sega, followed by Taito and then Namco.[17] Each arcade game from Kasco typically shipped about 1,000 units in a year.[18] Each arcade game from Sega, Taito, Namco and Kasco is thus estimated to have sold at least 1,000 units.
    • By 1974, there were 16,483 medal games operating in Japan.[9]
  2. ↑ 東京中機 Tokyo Chūki

References[]

  1. ↑ https://archive.org/details/Winners_Book_of_Video_Games/page/n265/mode/2up
  2. ↑ Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971-1982. CRC Press. pp. 191–95. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  3. ↑ https://archive.org/details/coin-slot-location-1980-autumn/Coin%20Slot%20Location%20-%20Volume%201%20Issue%201%20-%20Autumn%201980/page/n50
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 When did video games appear in pubs – and where did they go?
  5. ↑ The Video Game Industry Year by Year: 1973-1975
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Time, Volume 103. April 1974. p. 77. Atari sold some 8,500 games to U.S. amusement parlors and other businesses last year, in addition to a substantial overseas trade. Pong is played on a standard television to which a simple circuit board has been added. (...) Pong games frequently take in $200 to $300 per week. Each game costs a quarter, v. only a dime for most pinball machines; the total take from all the machines now in play is estimated at more than $900 million annually.
    At least 18 U.S. firms and 23 European companies are fighting for a share of the more than $60 million that industry sources expect to rack up this year from selling electronic games.
  7. ↑ To Authorize a Change in the Composition of the One-cent Coin: Hearing, Ninety-third Congress, Second Session, on H.R. 11841 ... March 27, 1974. United States Congress House Committee on Banking and Currency Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs (U.S. Government Printing Office). 1974. p. 137.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Donovan, Tristan (April 20, 2010). Replay: The History of Video Games. Yellow Ant. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-9565072-0-4.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971–1982. CRC Press. pp. 176–7. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 情報メディア白書 [Information Media White Paper]. Dentsu Institute. 2010. p. 293. 産業興行収入市場規模営業収入営業収入全体ビデオゲームアーケードゲーム中短波 FM (Box office revenue, Market size, Operating revenue, Total operating revenue, Video games, Arcade games, Medium and shortwave FM) ... 1965 755 152 713 1,090 4,843 1966 758 174 752 1,266 5,760 1967 789 214 788 1,530 6,793 1968 820 254 792 1,736 7,843 1969 838 323 0 848 2,206 9,305 1970 825 398 13 921 2,691 10,802 1971 793 430 17 1,010 2,893 12,649 1972 770 482 1,100 3,333 14,828 1973 927 580 235 24 1,187 4,018 17,344 1974 1,171 628 46 1,258 4,442 19,171 1975 1,308 683 52 1,314 4,856 21,555 1976 1,457 790 65 1,915 5,809 25,714 1977 1,524 892 83 2,091 6,512 34,784 1978 1,605 1,006 97 2,141 7,362 37,058 1979 1,582 1,164 115 2,191 8,326 39,255 1980 1,659 1,263 131 2,714 8,687 41,008 1981 1,633 1,347 143 2,816 9,284 42,625 1982 1,695 2,780 4,500 1,391 180 2,877 9,967 44,611 1983 1,863 3,860 4,570 1,450 237 2,926 10,713 46,915
  11. ↑ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 1973
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "Amusement Trade Fair - Colour". British Movietone. February 8, 1976. Retrieved 2023-12-03.
  13. ↑ Annual Survey of Manufactures: 1974. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. November 1976. p. 34.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 "Video Game Sales: 1972-1999". Gaming Alexandria. June 7, 2021.
  15. ↑ https://shmuplations.com/kasco/
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "How Many Units Were Sold? Playing the Numbers Game with Video Games". The History of How We Play. 2020-03-20. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  17. ↑ https://www.cesa.or.jp/genealogy/nakafuji/nakafuji01.html
  18. ↑ https://shmuplations.com/kasco/
  19. ↑ 19.00 19.01 19.02 19.03 19.04 19.05 19.06 19.07 19.08 19.09 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 19.17 19.18 19.19 19.20 19.21 19.22 19.23 19.24 19.25 19.26 19.27 19.28 19.29 19.30 19.31 "1974 Route Survey" (PDF). Cash Box. 1974-11-02. p. MOA 17. (Alternate URL)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 1976
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Hunter, William (2019-02-13). "Donkey Kong & Nintendo". The Dot Eaters.
  22. ↑ https://blog.goo.ne.jp/nazox2016/e/787341578eb1f860eba99da57799d098
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 Price List (PDF). Sega. 1977-05-01. p. 16.
  24. ↑ "レーザー・クレーで脚光浴びる任天堂". 中部財界 (中部財界社) 16 (5): 29. 1973.
  25. ↑ 山崎, 功 (2022-04-05). "異業種参入で失速した任天堂 玩具、ゲーム機でV字回復に至るまで". 日経ビジネス電子版 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-04-17.
  26. ↑ Oh, the shape we're in (September 1979)
  27. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-07-06-I.pdf#page=30
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 1975
  29. ↑ 29.00 29.01 29.02 29.03 29.04 29.05 29.06 29.07 29.08 29.09 29.10 Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971–1982. CRC Press. pp. 268–9. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  30. ↑ Price List (PDF). Sega. 1977-05-01. p. 12.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 "Kasco no Jidai ~ Moto Kansai Seisakusho Staff Interview ~ (Kasco and the Electro-Mechanical Golden Age ~Former Kansai Seisakusho Staff Interview~)" (キャスコの時代 ～元・関西製作所スタッフインタビュー～). Classic Videogame Station Odyssey (in Japanese). 2001. Archived from the original on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  32. ↑ https://blog.goo.ne.jp/nazox2016/e/a518731eaca89a38afa17ba8c9018722
  33. ↑ https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2022/07/exploring-arcades-in-few-japanese-tv.html
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 https://blog.goo.ne.jp/nazox2016/e/df01f3bb901f4f0c187a9a90b59812bf
  35. ↑ Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971-1982. CRC Press. pp. 192–5. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  36. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2022/04/1970-15-2nd-version-crazy-15-by-komaya.html
  37. ↑ https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2022/07/exploring-arcades-in-few-japanese-tv.html
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Price List (PDF). Sega. 1977-05-01. p. 7.
  39. ↑ Price List (PDF). Sega. 1977-05-01. p. 6.
  40. ↑ https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2022/12/exploring-arcade-in-wanpaku-bangaichi.html
  41. ↑ https://thetastates.com/eremeka/eremekaDisplay.php?search=yes&nameSearch=Target+UFO
  42. ↑ 42.00 42.01 42.02 42.03 42.04 42.05 42.06 42.07 42.08 42.09 42.10 42.11 "The Nation's Top Arcade Games". RePlay. March 1976.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 43.5 https://blog.goo.ne.jp/nazox2016/e/f1a0cf6c90d61de3782ae0ce318e2ff3
  44. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-04-13.pdf#page=49
  45. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-08-30.pdf#page=32
  46. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-06-29.pdf#page=39
  47. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-07-20.pdf#page=47
  48. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-01-11.pdf#page=18
  49. ↑ https://retrocdn.net/images/c/cf/CashBox_US_1973-08-18.pdf#page=54
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 Price List (PDF). Sega. 1972-09-01. p. 6.
  51. ↑ Price List (PDF). Sega. 1973-01-01. p. 6.
  52. ↑ Price List (PDF). Sega. 1973-01-01. p. 13.
  53. ↑ https://videogamesdensetsu.tumblr.com/post/153265067740/fascination-an-unreleased-erotic-game-developed
  54. ↑ 志村, 幸雄 (1976). "今月の話題 ブームを呼ぶ電子化ゲーム機器". 電子材料 (工業調査会) 15 (4): 3. ISSN 0387-0774.
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2024/07/price-list-from-nakamura-seisakusho.html
  56. ↑ Internet Pinball Database
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.6 57.7 Internet Pinball Database
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 58.2 58.3 58.4 58.5 58.6 58.7 58.8 https://books.google.com/books?id=lFVFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA725
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 59.2 Baer, Ralph H. (2005). Videogames: In the Beginning. Rolenta Press. pp. 10–3. ISBN 978-0-9643848-1-1.
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 60.2 60.3 "Production Numbers" (PDF). Atari Games. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  61. ↑ "KLOV Arcade Serial Numbers". Killer List of Videogames. 2014. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  62. ↑ The Ultimate (So Far) History of Allied Leisure/Centuri - Part 2
  63. ↑ What Was The Best-Selling U.S. Arcade Video Game Prior to Space Invaders? (The Golden Age Arcade Historian)
  64. ↑ The Ultimate (So Far) History of Allied Leisure/Centuri - Part 2
  65. ↑ https://www.centuri.net/allied.htm
  66. ↑ Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005) [Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition (1971-2005)] (in Japanese). Japan: Amusement News Agency. pp. 40–1, 124. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  67. ↑ スピードレース
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 68.2 68.3 https://shmuplations.com/nishikado/
  69. ↑ 69.00 69.01 69.02 69.03 69.04 69.05 69.06 69.07 69.08 69.09 69.10 69.11 69.12 69.13 69.14 69.15 "Production Numbers" (PDF). Atari. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  70. ↑ Wieder, Robert (September 1974). "A Fistful of Quarters". Oui: 59-61, 128-129.
  71. ↑ Wolverhampton Express and Star (3 December 1973)
  72. ↑ RePlay. October 15, 1986. Foreign control over the American video game industry has been increasing gradually since Taito America opened its doors in 1973. The first landmark event came in February, 1974, when Taito licensed the first Japanese video, TV Basketball, to Atari.
  73. ↑ RePlay. April 15, 1986. Midway licensed TV Basketball from Taito and set a production record of 1,400 games. Midway topped that record when it introduced Wheels
  74. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-03-09.pdf#page=56
  75. ↑ "Meadows Games: from California to the World". RePlay 1 (38): 28-29. July 1976.
  76. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-05-03.pdf#page=36
  77. ↑ https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-etymology-of-term-video-game.html
  78. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-04-20.pdf#page=50
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-11-16.pdf#page=76
  80. ↑ 80.0 80.1 80.2 Price List (PDF). Sega. 1977-05-01. p. 5.
  81. ↑ "Production Numbers" (PDF). Atari Games. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  82. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-10-06.pdf#page=48
  83. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-02-03.pdf#page=53
  84. ↑ https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2016/06/the-ultimate-so-far-history-of-nutting_21.html
  85. ↑ https://t-lcarchive.org/nutting-associates-computer-space-ball/
  86. ↑ "Production Numbers" (PDF). Atari Games. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  87. ↑ https://archive.org/details/ArcadeGameList1971-2005/page/n42
  88. ↑ Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005) [Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition (1971-2005)] (in Japanese). Japan: Amusement News Agency. p. 129. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  89. ↑ McEwan, Charles E. (1980-01-31). "Charles R. McEwan Deposition". Bally Manufacturing Corporation v. D. Gottlieb & Co., et al. US District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. Retrieved 29 Sep 2024.
  90. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1976/Cash-Box-1976-05-15.pdf#page=46
  91. ↑ https://www.arcade-history.com/?n=leader-model-575&page=detail&id=4767
  92. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-11-30.pdf#page=38
  93. ↑ https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-etymology-of-term-video-game.html
  94. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-09-01.pdf#page=43
  95. ↑ https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-etymology-of-term-video-game.html
  96. ↑ "Stern Electronics, Inc.". 1977-07-11 Notice Of Motion. 1977-07-11.
  97. ↑ https://www.igdb.com/games/volly
  98. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-06-01.pdf#page=36
  99. ↑ 99.0 99.1 Akagi, Masumi (2005). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency (published 13 October 2006). pp. 114–5. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  100. ↑ 100.0 100.1 100.2 100.3 "Stern Electronics, Inc.". 1977-07-11 Notice Of Motion. 1977-07-11.
  101. ↑ Cash Box (February 8, 1975), page 35
  102. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1975/CB-1975-09-27.pdf#page=53
  103. ↑ https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2014/11/company-profile-mirco-games.html
  104. ↑ https://archive.org/details/canadian-coin-box-magazine-1974-04/page/5
  105. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-10-27.pdf#page=65
  106. ↑ "Production Numbers" (PDF). Atari Games. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-20. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  107. ↑ Akagi, Masumi (1971–2005). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency (published 13 October 2006). pp. 109–10. ISBN 978-4990251215.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  108. ↑ 108.0 108.1 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-06-01.pdf#page=36
  109. ↑ https://www.arcade-museum.com/game_detail.php?game_id=18636
  110. ↑ Akagi, Masumi (1971–2005). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency (published 13 October 2006). pp. 112–3. ISBN 978-4990251215.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  111. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-11-30.pdf#page=37
  112. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-11-02.pdf#page=34
  113. ↑ 113.0 113.1 Akagi, Masumi (13 October 2006). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency. pp. 116–7. ISBN 978-4990251215.
  114. ↑ 114.0 114.1 114.2 https://elibrary.arcade-museum.com/Marketplace/1975-December/39
  115. ↑ https://archive.org/details/ArcadeGameList1971-2005/page/n115
  116. ↑ 116.0 116.1 Akagi, Masumi (1971–2005). アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編 (Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition). Japan: Amusement News Agency (published 13 October 2006). pp. 128–9. ISBN 978-4990251215.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
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  119. ↑ https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2013/11/urls-video-action-first-us-consumer.html
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