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1971

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In the early history of video games, 1971 marked the beginning of the video game industry with the release of the first commercial arcade video games, Computer Space and then Galaxy Game. The video game industry emerged from the arcade game industry, which at the time was dominated by electro-mechanical games (EM games), a type of arcade game that was popularized years earlier by Periscope (1965) from Namco and Sega.[1][2]

The year's highest-grossing electronic game is Kasco's EM arcade racing game Indy 500 (Speedway), for the second year in a row. The year's best-selling video game is Computer Space, the first arcade video game. The year's best-selling handheld game is Nintendo's electro‑mechanical FPS game Kōsenjū Custom (Beam Gun Custom), the second year in a row for Nintendo's Kōsenjū (Beam Gun) series.

Financial performance[]

The following table lists the annual revenue generated by the electronic games industry this year, including video games and electro‑mechanical games.

Industry Products Market Annual revenue (est.) Ref
Nominal Inflation
Electro‑mechanical games Japan $334,000,000 $2,600,000,000
Arcade games $601,000,000 $4,700,000,000
Arcade Electro‑mechanical games Worldwide $600,000,000 $4,700,000,000 [3]
Arcade games United States $203,000,000 $1,580,000,000 [4][5]
Arcade video games United States $1,000,000 $7,800,000 [6]
Electro‑mechanical games Worldwide $634,000,000 $4,900,000,000
Arcade Electro‑mechanical games Worldwide $600,000,000 $4,700,000,000 [3]
Japan $300,000,000 $2,300,000,000 [7]
United States $202,000,000 $1,600,000,000
Handheld Electro‑mechanical games Japan $34,000,000 $260,000,000
Electronic games Worldwide $635,000,000 $4,900,000,000 [3]

Highest-grossing games[]

The following titles were the highest-grossing electronic games worldwide in 1971, including electro‑mechanical games (EM games) and video games (VG) across arcade and handheld markets. See sections below for breakdown of revenue estimates.

No. Title Company Release Gross revenue (est.)[2] Genre Platform Type
Nominal Inflation
1 Indy 500 Kasco 1968 $64,000,000 $500,000,000 Racing Arcade EM
2 Sky Fighter Taito 1970 $49,000,000 $380,000,000 FPS
3 Kōsenjū Custom Nintendo 1971 $42,000,000 $330,000,000 FPS Handheld
4 Periscope Namco / Sega 1965 $17,000,000 $130,000,000 FPS Arcade
5 Untouchable Kasco 1971 $16,000,000 $120,000,000 Driving
6 Zero Fighter Namco 1968 $14,000,000 $110,000,000 FPS
7 Kōsenjū SP Nintendo 1970 $13,000,000 $100,000,000 FPS Handheld
8 Olympia Sega / Taito 1964 $12,000,000 $93,000,000 Pachislot Arcade
9 Basketball Sega / Taito 1966 $11,000,000 $85,000,000 Sports
10 Crazy 15 Komaya 1965 $10,000,000 $78,000,000 Bingo

Highest-grossing arcade games[]

The following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games this year. This section has separate lists for electro‑mechanical games (excluding pinball), pinball (a type of electro-mechanical game), and video games.

Electro-mechanical games[]

No. Title Company Date
[8][9] 		Cabinet sales (est.)[8][n 1] Revenue (est.)[2] Genre
Annual Cume Ref Gross Ref
1 Indy 500 Kasco 1968 1,000 25,000 $64,000,000 Racing
— Speedway Chicago Coin 1969 1,000 9,000 [13][14] $20,000,000 [15]
Indy 500 Kasco 1968 — 3,000+ [16][17] $18,000,000 [18]
Grand Prix Sega 1969 — 5,000+ [19][20] $10,000,000 [21][22]
Racer Namco 1970 — 5,000 $10,000,000 [2]
Champion License Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Grand Prix Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Drive Master Chicago Coin 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
2 Sky Fighter Taito 1970 5,000+ 6,000+ $49,000,000 FPS
— Sky Fighter II Taito 1971 3,000 3,000 [23] $36,000,000 [24]
Sky Fighter Taito 1970 — 1,000+ [23] $8,000,000
Sonic Fighter Allied 1971-01 1,000+ 1,000+ [25][26] $3,000,000 [27][25]
Sky Battle Chicago Coin 1971-10 1,000+ 1,000+ [28][29] $2,000,000 [27][30]
3 Periscope Namco / Sega 1965 — 9,300+ $18,000,000 FPS
— Periscope Sega 1966 — 5,000 [31] $9,000,000 [2]
Namco 1965 — 1,000+ [32] $2,000,000
Sea Raider Midway 1969 — 1,000+ [33] $2,000,000
Periscope Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sea Devil Midway 1970-09 — 1,000+ [34] $2,000,000
Submarine Patrol Alca / Mayfield 1967 — 300+ $1,000,000
4 Untouchable Kasco 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [35][36] $16,000,000 [18] Driving
5 Zero Fighter Namco 1968 1,000+ 2,000+ $14,000,000 FPS
— Zero-sen Namco 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [37][38] $12,000,000 [39][24]
Zero Fighter Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
6 Olympia Sega / Taito 1964 3,000+ 5,000+ $12,000,000 Pachislot
— Olympia Mark II Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [40] $3,000,000 [41]
Olympia Mark III Taito 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000
New Olympia Taito 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $2,000,000
Sega 1969 — 1,000+ [40] $2,000,000 [2]
Olympia Star Sega / Taito 1964 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
7 Basketball Sega / Taito 1966 1,000+ 5,000+ $11,000,000 Sports
— Basketball Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [42] $3,000,000 [41]
1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Basketball 901 Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Basketball 902 Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Basketball Midway 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
8 Crazy 15 Komaya 1965 — 6,000 $10,000,000 Bingo
— Crazy 15 Mark III Komaya 1970 — 3,000 [43] $5,000,000 [44][24]
Crazy 15 Komaya 1965 — 3,000 $5,000,000
9 Jet Rocket Sega 1970-07 1,000+ 4,000+ $9,000,000 FPS
— Night Bomber Chicago Coin 1971-01 1,000+ 1,000+ [45][46] $3,000,000 [47][48]
Jet Rocket Sega 1970-07 — 1,000+ [8] $2,000,000 [2]
Flotilla Williams 1970-12 — 1,000+ [8] $2,000,000 [2]
Target Zero Bally 1970-12 — 1,000+ [8] $2,000,000
10 Safari Gun Kasco 1970 — 4,000+ $8,000,000 FPS
— Big Hunting Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ [49] $2,000,000 [2]
Hunting Buggy Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Hunting Land Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ [50] $2,000,000
Safari Gun Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ [49] $2,000,000
11 Air Fighter Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ [51] $8,000,000 [52] FPS
12 Baseball / Base Ball Namco/Komaya 1969 — 4,000+ $7,000,000 Sports
— Baseball / Base Ball Komaya 1969 — 3,000 [43] $5,000,000 [44][24]
Base Ball Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [53]
13 Docking Apollo Namco 1969 1,000+ 3,000+ $6,000,000 Lander
— Apollo-14 Chicago Coin 1971-04 1,000+ 1,000+ [54] $2,000,000 [55]
Docking Apollo Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Space Docking Taito 1970 — 1,000+ [54] $2,000,000 [56]
14 Combat Gun / Combat Kasco / Namco 1966 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 FPS
— Combat Gun / Combat Kasco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [57][2]
Combat Gun Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
New Combat Gun Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
15 Minisoccer Sega 1968 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Sports
— Mini-Futbol Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Minisoccer Sega 1968 — 1,000+ [58] $2,000,000 [58]
Soccer Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
16 Rabbit / Tag Game Kasco 1966 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Catcher
— Rabbit Game Kasco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Tag Game Kasco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Western Tag Game Kasco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
17 Red Gun / Marine Gun Kasco 1963 — 3,000+ $6,000,000 Shooter
— Red Gun Kasco 1963 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [57][2]
Marine Gun Kasco 1964 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Birdie Gun Kasco 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
18 Super Road 7 Taito 1970 — 1,000+ [59] $6,000,000 [60] Racing
19 Attack Sega 1970 1,000+ 2,000+ $5,000,000 Driving
— Attack II Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [61]
Attack Sega 1970 — 1,000+ [35] $2,000,000
20 Derby Day Sega 1969 1,000+ 2,000+ $5,000,000 Racing
— Jockey Club Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [35] $3,000,000 [62]
Derby Day Sega 1969 — 1,000+ [35] $2,000,000
21 Missile Sega 1969 — 2,656+ $6,000,000 FPS
— Missile Sega 1969 — 2,000+ [8] $4,000,000 [2]
S.A.M.I. Midway 1970‑03 — 356 [63] $1,000,000
Super Missile Alca 1970-01 — 300+ [64] $1,000,000
22 Rapid Fire Taito 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [35] $4,000,000 FPS
23 Rat Patrol Taito 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $4,000,000
24 Hoi Hoi Test Tokyo[n 2] 1963 — 4,000+ $4,000,000 Rhythm
— 30 Test Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [53]
Hoi Hoi Test Tokyo 1963 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Alice Mirror Game Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Nervous Breakdown Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
25 Helicopter Sega 1968 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Flight
— Eagle Go! Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Helicopter Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
26 Jungle Gun Sega 1961 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Shooter
— Jungle Gun Sega 1961 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
27 Mini Drive Kasco 1958 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Racing
— Mini Drive MA Kasco 1961 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
Mini Drive Kasco 1958 — 1,000+ [65] $2,000,000 [65]
28 Model Car Racing Sega 1965 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Racing
— Model Car Racing Kit Sega 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Model Car Racing Sega 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
29 Night / Cycle Rider Sega/Taito 1970 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Racing
— Night Rider Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Cycle Rider Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
30 Skill Diga Sega 1965 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 Crane
— Super Skill Diga Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Skill Diga Sega 1965 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
31 Ultra Gun Namco / Kasco 1967 — 2,000+ $4,000,000 FPS
— Ultra Gun Namco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [57][2]
Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
32 Astrodata Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [62] Card
33 Dive Bomber Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [66] $3,000,000 [62] FPS
34 Monte Carlo Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [66] $3,000,000 [62] Racing
35 Crown Crane Taito 1965 — 3,000+ $3,000,000 Crane
— Crown 602 Taito 1965 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Crown 603 Taito 1966 — 1,000+ [65] $1,000,000 [65]
Crown 605 Taito 1966 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
36 Crane Pick Tokyo 1959 — 1,300+ $3,000,000 Driving
— Car-Shed Tokyo 1963 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 [2]
Crane Pick Tokyo 1959 — 300 $1,000,000
37 Auto Viewer Taito 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $2,000,000 Viewer
38 Drag Races Allied 1971-06 1,000+ 1,000+ [67] $2,000,000 [68] Racing
39 Jack & the Beanstalk Kasco 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $2,000,000 Misc
40 Spiral Ball Namco 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ [35] $2,000,000 [53] Pachinko
41 Computer Quiz Nutting 1967 — 4,400 [69] $2,000,000 [2] Quiz
42 I.Q. Computer Nutting 1967 — 3,600 [69] $2,000,000
43 Boozometer Sega / Taito 1968 — 2,000+ $2,000,000 Wire
— Boozometer Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [2]
Taito 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
44 Apollo Ball Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Medal
45 Skill Ball Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
46 Aquamatic Gun Namco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 FPS
47 Balloon Popping Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
48 Battle of the Bulge Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
49 Combat Sega 1969 — 1,000+ [20] $2,000,000 [70]
50 Duck Hunt Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
51 Ghost Gun Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
52 Gum Deru Gun Namco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
53 Rifle Competition Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
54 Rifleman Sega 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
55 Sea Hunt Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
56 Space Adventure Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
57 Undersea Fortress Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
58 Western Duel Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
59 Bazooka Cannon Namco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Shooter
60 Challenger Namco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
61 Cannon Ball Taito 1960s — 1,000+ $2,000,000
62 Gun Fight Sega 1969 — 1,000+ [71] $2,000,000 [21][22]
63 Invaders Midway 1970-10 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
64 Super Sonic Bomber Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
65 Crazy Ball Taito 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Catcher
66 Space Ball Kasco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
67 Crown Soccer Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Sports
68 Cycle Race Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Racing
69 Drivemobile Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
70 Motorcycle Chicago Coin 1970-10 — 1,000+ [72] $2,000,000 [72]
71 Osomatsu-kun Namco 1966 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
72 Dodgem Crazy Sega 1970 — 1,000+ [73] $2,000,000 [61][22] Driving
73 Roadway Ride Namco 1963 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
74 Hockey Game Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Hockey
75 MotoPolo Sega 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
76 Jumbo Sega 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Action
77 Magic Card Taito 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Pachinko
78 Sky Diving Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Flight
79 Stunt Car Sega 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000 Breaker
80 Big Strike Bowling Taito 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $1,000,000 Bowling
81 Road Runner Bally 1971-08 1,000+ 1,000+ [74] $1,000,000 [75][76] Racing
82 Target UFO Alca 1971-10 1,000+ 1,000+ [77] $1,000,000 [67] FPS
83 Jungle Drums Williams 1971-11 750 750 [78] $1,000,000 [78]
84 Arrow Vending Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Shooting
Cork Vending Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Automatic Unlucky Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Fortune
Cineretta Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Viewer
Stereo Viewer Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Colorette Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Medal
Starlet Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [53]
Spin Roulette Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Control Test Sega 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Wire
Crown Space Man Taito 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Tokaido Drive Sega 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Double Skill Taito 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Coin
Fantasy Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Ball drop
Fire Carnival Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Misc
Fortress of Navarone Namco 1966 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Lucky Balloon Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Golden Arm Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Shuffle Game Namco 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [53]
Silencer Namco 1968 — 1,000+ $1,000,000
Intelligence Computer Taito 1969 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Quiz
MiniCom Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 [53]
Janken Machine Namco 1965 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Janken
Jump Ball Kasco 1967 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Skeeball
Skee Ball PTC 1947 — 1,000+ [67] $1,000,000
Match Bowler Chicago Coin 1952 — 1,000+ [67] $1,000,000 Bowling
Punching Bag Sega 1962 — 1,000+ [65] $1,000,000 [65] Boxing
Rifle Range Midway 1963 — 1,000+ [67] $1,000,000 Shooter
Sportsman Taito 1966 — 1,000+ $1,000,000 Sports

Pinball[]

Rank Title Company Release[79] Cabinet sales (est.)[79][8][n 1] Gross revenue (est.)[2]
Annual Cume Gross Ref
1 Dipsy Doodle Williams 1970-12 3,703 4,703 $9,000,000 [80]
2 Jackpot Williams 1971-04 5,147 5,147 $8,000,000
3 Aces & Kings Williams 1970-06 — 4,153 $6,000,000
4 Stardust Williams 1971-08 5,000 5,000 $5,000,000 [80]
5 Four Million B.C. Bally 1971-05 3,550 3,550 $5,000,000
6 Playball Gottlieb 1971-04 3,076 3,076 $5,000,000
7 Doodle Bug Williams / Sega 1971-03 3,006 3,006 $5,000,000
— Doodle Bug Williams 1971-03 2,006 2,006 $3,000,000 [80]
Sega 1971 1,000 1,000 $2,000,000 [81]
8 Firecracker Bally 1971-02 2,800 2,800 $5,000,000 [80]
9 Klondike Williams 1971-08 3,302 3,302 $4,000,000 [80]
10 2001 Gottlieb 1971-01 2,200 2,200 $4,000,000
11 Big Valley Bally 1970-05 — 2,500 $4,000,000
12 Straight Flush Williams 1970-10 — 2,352 $4,000,000
13 Baseball Gottlieb 1970-06 — 2,350 $4,000,000
14 Sheriff Gottlieb 1971-09 2,900 2,900 $3,000,000 [80]
15 Card King Gottlieb 1971-08 2,340 2,340 $3,000,000
16 4 Square Gottlieb 1971-06 2,200 2,200 $3,000,000
17 Star Trek Gottlieb 1971-03 1,450 1,450 $3,000,000
18 Galaxie Gottlieb 1971-01 1,279 1,279 $3,000,000
19 Carnival Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [82]
20 Sapporo Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $3,000,000 [82]
21 Jive Time Williams 1970-04 — 2,100 $3,000,000
22 Aquarius Gottlieb 1970-10 — 2,025 $3,000,000
23 Psychedelic Gottlieb 1970-08 — 1,800 $3,000,000
24 The 4 Horsemen Gottlieb 1950-09 — 1,800 $3,000,000 [67]
25 Card Trix Gottlieb 1970-04 — 1,750 $3,000,000
26 Winner Williams 1971-08 2,100 2,100 $2,000,000 [80]
27 Expressway Bally 1971-08 1,555 1,555 $2,000,000
28 Roller Coaster Gottlieb 1971-06 1,550 1,550 $2,000,000
29 Yukon Williams 1971-08 1,430 1,430 $2,000,000
— Yukon Special Williams 1971-10 700 700 $1,000,000
Yukon Williams 1971-08 730 730 $1,000,000
30 Gold Rush Williams 1971-04 1,156 1,156 $2,000,000
31 Now Gottlieb 1971-03 1,125 1,125 $2,000,000
32 Winner Sega 1971 1,000+ 1,000+ $2,000,000 [82]
33 Vampire Bally 1971-01 799 799 $2,000,000 [80]
34 4 Queens Bally 1970-12 256 1,256 $2,000,000
35 Snow Derby Gottlieb 1970-12 50 1,050 $2,000,000
36 Play Land Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
37 Punch Kasco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
38 Ronin Namco 1970 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
39 Thunder-Bird Taito 1967 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
40 Wasshoi Game Kasco 1968 — 1,000+ $2,000,000
41 Drop-A-Card Gottlieb 1971-11 2,000 2,000 $1,000,000 [80]
42 Mariner Bally 1971-11 2,000 2,000 $1,000,000
43 Lawman Gottlieb 1971-10 1,750 1,750 $1,000,000
44 Sea Ray Bally 1971-09 1,300 1,300 $1,000,000
45 Orbit Gottlieb 1971-12 1,000 1,000 $1,000,000
46 Zodiac Williams 1971-08 704 704 $1,000,000
47 Home Run Gottlieb 1971-05 580 580 $1,000,000
48 Skyrocket Bally 1971-05 545 545 $1,000,000
49 Dimension Gottlieb 1971-01 490 490 $1,000,000
50 Extra Inning Gottlieb 1971-05 350 350 $1,000,000
51 King Tut Bally 1969-12 — 800 $1,000,000
52 Astro Gottlieb 1971-10 500 500 $400,000
53 Bristol Hills Gottlieb 1971-01 110 110 $200,000
54 Challenger Gottlieb 1971-03 110 110 $200,000
55 Honey Williams 1971-12 170 170 $100,000
56 Swinger Williams 1971-10 87 87 $100,000
57 Spanish Eyes Williams 1971-11 85 85 $100,000 [83]
58 Olympic Hockey Williams 1971-06 82 82 $100,000 [80]

Video games[]

No. Title Company Release Cabinet sales Gross revenue Genre
Annual Cume Ref Gross Ref
1 Computer Space Syzygy 1971-08 200 200 [84] $1,000,000 [6] Shooter
2 Galaxy Game Stanford 1971-11 1 1 [85] $20,000 [86]

Best-selling handheld games[]

Title Manufacturer Year Unit sales Revenue (est.) Ref Type Genre
Annual Cume
Kōsenjū Custom / Beam Gun Custom Nintendo 1971 1,000,000 1,000,000 $42,000,000 [87][88][89] EM FPS
Kōsenjū SP / Beam Gun SP Nintendo 1970 300,000 1,000,000 $13,000,000 [89][90]

Notes[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 In Japan, between 500,000–700,000 arcade machines were on location by 1973.[10] By 1972, Japan's largest arcade game manufacturer was Sega, followed by Taito and then Namco.[11] Each arcade game from Kasco typically shipped about 1,000 units in a year.[12] Each arcade game from Sega, Taito, Namco and Kasco is thus estimated to have sold at least 1,000 units.
  2. ↑ 東京中機 Tokyo Chūki

References[]

  1. ↑ "EDITORIAL: Staple Games vs Novelties" (PDF). Cash Box. 1971-05-22. p. 44.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 "1971 Amusement Machine Route Survey" (PDF). Cash Box. October 16, 1971. p. MOA 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-12-02.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Games for Society, Business, and War: Towards a Theory of Gaming. Elsevier. 1975. p. 216. pinball machines are given as almost $ 600,000,000 for the year 1971
  4. ↑ Annual Survey of Manufactures: 1970-1971. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. September 1973. p. 83.
  5. ↑ U.S. Commodity Exports and Imports as Related to Output: 1971 and 1970. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1974. p. 140.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Donovan, Tristan (April 20, 2010). Replay: The History of Video Games. Yellow Ant. pp. 14–26 (21). ISBN 978-0-9565072-0-4.
  7. ↑ 情報メディア白書 [Information Media White Paper]. Dentsu Institute. 2010. p. 293. 産業興行収入市場規模営業収入営業収入全体ビデオゲームアーケードゲーム中短波 FM (Box office revenue, Market size, Operating revenue, Total operating revenue, Video games, Arcade games, Medium and shortwave FM) ... 1965 755 152 713 1,090 4,843 1966 758 174 752 1,266 5,760 1967 789 214 788 1,530 6,793 1968 820 254 792 1,736 7,843 1969 838 323 0 848 2,206 9,305 1970 825 398 13 921 2,691 10,802 1971 793 430 17 1,010 2,893 12,649 1972 770 482 1,100 3,333 14,828 1973 927 580 235 24 1,187 4,018 17,344 1974 1,171 628 46 1,258 4,442 19,171 1975 1,308 683 52 1,314 4,856 21,555 1976 1,457 790 65 1,915 5,809 25,714 1977 1,524 892 83 2,091 6,512 34,784 1978 1,605 1,006 97 2,141 7,362 37,058 1979 1,582 1,164 115 2,191 8,326 39,255 1980 1,659 1,263 131 2,714 8,687 41,008 1981 1,633 1,347 143 2,816 9,284 42,625 1982 1,695 2,780 4,500 1,391 180 2,877 9,967 44,611 1983 1,863 3,860 4,570 1,450 237 2,926 10,713 46,915
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 1970
  9. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-08-18.pdf#page=48
  10. ↑ Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971–1982. CRC Press. pp. 176–7. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  11. ↑ https://www.cesa.or.jp/genealogy/nakafuji/nakafuji01.html
  12. ↑ https://shmuplations.com/kasco/
  13. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-12-25.pdf#page=164
  14. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2023/05/1969-indy-500-m-type-500-m-by-kansai.html
  15. ↑ https://retrocdn.net/images/3/30/CashBox_US_1970-11-21.pdf#page=57
  16. ↑ "Kasco and the Electro-Mechanical Golden Age: Former Kansai Seisakusho Staff Interview" (キャスコの時代 ～元・関西製作所スタッフインタビュー～). Classic Videogame Station Odyssey. 2001. Archived from the original on 22 June 2003. Retrieved 16 April 2021. (Translation)
  17. ↑ https://www.pinrepair.com/arcade/k500.htm
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Kasco no Jidai ~ Moto Kansai Seisakusho Staff Interview ~ (Kasco and the Electro-Mechanical Golden Age ~Former Kansai Seisakusho Staff Interview~)" (キャスコの時代 ～元・関西製作所スタッフインタビュー～). Classic Videogame Station Odyssey (in Japanese). 2001. Archived from the original on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  19. ↑ 1975
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 https://retrocdn.net/images/4/4d/CashBox_US_1970-09-26.pdf#page=52
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 https://retrocdn.net/images/3/30/CashBox_US_1970-11-21.pdf#page=57
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1969/CB-1969-11-29.pdf#page=69
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971-1982. CRC Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 https://shmuplations.com/nishikado/
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-03-06.pdf
  26. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-06-26.pdf#page=43
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-11-06.pdf#page=49
  28. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-11-27.pdf#page=56
  29. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2023/05/1970-sky-fighter-by-taito.html
  30. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-06-02.pdf#page=50
  31. ↑ https://videogamehistorian.wordpress.com/2015/06/08/historical-interlude-the-history-of-coin-op-part-6-a-technological-revolution/
  32. ↑ https://archive.org/details/play-meter-volume-3-number-1-january-1977/Play%20Meter%20-%20Volume%203%2C%20Number%201%20-%20January%201977/page/n10
  33. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1969/CB-1969-12-06.pdf#page=73
  34. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1970/CB-1970-12-05.pdf#page=54
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2022/02/exploring-arcade-in-aiyoku-no-wana-aka.html
  36. ↑ https://bcaweb.bai.ne.jp/miyooo/MINI%20DRIVE&UNTOUCHABLE.html
  37. ↑ https://www.yomogi2017.xyz/entry/2020/06/14/173449
  38. ↑ https://www.bandainamcoent.co.jp/corporate/bnours/nours/vol45/pdf/45_03_11.pdf
  39. ↑ https://bcaweb.bai.ne.jp/miyooo/ZERO%20IN&ZERO-SEN.html
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 https://blog.goo.ne.jp/nazox2016/e/d2691f40123ae387fedcc2b567659706
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Price List (PDF). Sega. 1972-09-01. p. 13.
  42. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2024/02/1966-basketball-by-sega.html
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2022/04/1970-15-2nd-version-crazy-15-by-komaya.html
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2022/04/1970-15-2nd-version-crazy-15-by-komaya.html
  45. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-02-06.pdf#page=51
  46. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2024/01/1970-jet-rocket-by-sega.html
  47. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-02-06.pdf#page=51
  48. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-01-27.pdf#page=48
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2023/05/exploring-this-japanese-arcade-from.html
  50. ↑ https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2023/05/expo-70-exploring-iconic-gameland.html
  51. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2023/10/1970-air-fighter-by-kansai-seiki-kasco.html
  52. ↑ https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2023/10/1970-air-fighter-by-kansai-seiki-kasco.html
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.5 https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2024/07/price-list-from-nakamura-seisakusho.html
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2023/05/1970-space-docking-by-taito.html
  55. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-10-09.pdf#page=40
  56. ↑ https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2023/05/exploring-this-japanese-arcade-from.html
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 https://earlyarcadesjapan.blogspot.com/2024/02/1963-red-gun-by-kansai-seiki.html
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 https://www.sega.jp/history/arcade/product/11534/
  59. ↑ Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971-1982. CRC Press. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  60. ↑ https://shmuplations.com/nishikado/
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Price List (PDF). Sega. 1977-05-01. p. 7.
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.3 Price List (PDF). Sega. 1972-09-01. p. 6.
  63. ↑ "KLOV Arcade Serial Numbers". Killer List of Videogames. 2014. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  64. ↑ Meades, Alan (2022-10-25). "3: Coin-Op Entrepreneurialism". Arcade Britannia: A Social History of the British Amusement Arcade. The MIT Press. pp. 67–94. ISBN 978-0-262-37234-3.
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.4 65.5 https://pinballnovice.blogspot.com/2022/12/exploring-arcade-in-wanpaku-bangaichi.html
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Smith, Alexander (19 November 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971–1982. CRC Press. pp. 268–9. ISBN 978-0-429-75261-2.
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 67.2 67.3 67.4 67.5 "The Nation's Top Arcade Games". RePlay. March 1976.
  68. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1972/Cash-Box-1972-05-13.pdf#page=49
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 Donovan, Tristan (April 20, 2010). Replay: The History of Video Games. Yellow Ant. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-9565072-0-4.
  70. ↑ https://retrocdn.net/images/4/45/CashBox_US_1971-11-06.pdf#page=50
  71. ↑ https://retrocdn.net/images/4/4d/CashBox_US_1970-09-26.pdf#page=55
  72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-05-01.pdf
  73. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1973/Cash-Box-1973-08-04.pdf#page=54
  74. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1972/Cash-Box-1972-04-01.pdf#page=49
  75. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-08-10.pdf#page=52
  76. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-11-13.pdf#page=64
  77. ↑ https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1971/Cash-Box-1971-10-30.pdf#page=57
  78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=1335
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 Internet Pinball Database
  80. ↑ 80.00 80.01 80.02 80.03 80.04 80.05 80.06 80.07 80.08 80.09 https://books.google.com/books?id=lFVFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA725
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  83. ↑ https://www.ipdb.org/machine.cgi?id=2265
  84. ↑ Baer, Ralph H. (2005). Videogames: In the Beginning. Rolenta Press. pp. 10–3. ISBN 978-0-9643848-1-1.
  85. ↑ Pitts, Bill (October 29, 1997). "The Galaxy Game". Stanford University. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
  86. ↑ https://allincolorforaquarter.blogspot.com/2013/03/galaxy-game.html
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  88. ↑ Kohler, Chris (2004). Power-Up: How Japanese Video Games Gave the World an Extra Life. Indianapolis, IN: BradyGames. pp. 30–1. ISBN 978-0-7440-0424-3.
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 https://darkzero.co.uk/game-articles/the-history-of-nintendo/
  90. ↑ https://wecmuseum.org/index.php?title=Beam_Gun

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